2019年3月15日 星期五

三民B2U2 Vocabulary & Phrases


Words in Use
Words for Production
1 apologize vi. 道歉
餐廳經理因為湯裡面有蒼蠅向顧客致歉。他一直跟他們說不好意思。
n apologize to sb向某人道歉
The prime minister apologized to those who were injured in the protest.
n apologize for (doing) sth為了()某事而道歉
Mary kept apologizing for her lateness to the meeting.
apology n. [C] 道歉
Kevin為了他晚餐約會遲到而馬上向Ashley道歉,並希望她能原諒他。
n accept/receive/reject/demand/expect one’s apology接受/拒絕/要求/期盼某人的道歉
Since I do not get hurt in the car accident, I will accept the offender’s (肇事者) apology.
n owe sb an apology欠某人一個道歉
Nancy was rude to me at the party. She certainly owed me an apology.
n a sincere/heartfelt/profound apology誠摯的/衷心的/深深的道歉
William made a sincere apology for his rudeness.
n a formal/public apology正式的/公開的道歉
The singer felt better after receiving a public apology from the newspaper.
apologetic adj. 道歉的,內疚的
n be apologetic about感到內疚的
Calvin was very apologetic about the trouble he had caused, so he treated us to dinner.
2 delay n. 1) [U] 耽擱,延誤 2) [C] 延誤的時間
1) 有人在車禍中受傷。我們要馬上打電話叫911
n without delay 馬上 (= promptly, immediately)
I hope the government should deal with the problem of campus bullying without delay.
2) Because of bad weather, there was a three-hour delay for all trains, and we had to wait for a long time.
delay vt. 1) 耽擱,延誤 2) 延遲,延期
1) 火車因為鐵道上的事故而延誤。當它最後抵達時,已經是五個小時後了。
The heavy fog delayed the traffic on the highway.
2) Our teacher has been enjoying her teaching career, so she decides to delay her retirement.
額外補充
delay的涵義是「遭受意外干擾,導致比平常花更多的時間」,也可以表示「(有計畫地)延遲」,例:
The train is delayed due to some mechanical (技術的) problems.
The doctor will delay the surgery until the patient feels better.
postpone意思是「(有計畫地) 延期」,通常會接上更改的日期,例:
We decide to postpone our wedding ceremony to Wednesday.
The snow forced us to postpone the game.
put off在口語中取代postpone,例:
Do not put off your homework until tomorrow.
procrastinate的涵義是「因為不想做某事,所以刻意拖延」。但是本字為不及物動詞,後面不會接受詞,例:
Stop procrastinating! Do your homework now!
3 continuously adv. 持續不斷地
根據法律,駕駛不可以不休息連續開車8小時。
You will ruin your eyes if you keep staring at the monitor continuously.
continuous adj. 持續不斷的,不間斷的
持續不斷的雨讓伍德森一家人不能出外去野餐。
We see a continuous improvement in the public transport system here. We have the MRT and many bus routes now.
For a physically-challenged person, life can be a continuous struggle for them.
continual adj.(恆置於名詞前) 1) 頻頻的,一再發生的 2) 持續不斷的 (= continuous)
1) 在頻頻攻擊的威脅下,這個小村落的人們決定移居到一個附近的城鎮。
I am sick of my parents’ continual arguing. They should calm down and have a peaceful talk.
2) After the war broke out, the people there were in continual fear of the death.
4 ignore vt. 1) 忽視,不注意 (= disregard) 2) 置之不理 (= take no notice of)
1) 在轉角有一個「請安靜」的告示牌,但是很多人都沒有注意,且大聲地和朋友聊天。
Many drivers in that city ignore basic traffic laws and signs.
2) Parents usually like to tell their children what to do, but sometimes children just ignore parents’ words.
ignorance n. [U] 無知,不知道
I have to admit my ignorance. I know nothing about the nuclear power.
n ignorance of/about sth 不瞭解
The official’s comments showed his ignorance of the economic situation.
ignorant adj. 無知的,不知道()
You sometimes need to tolerate kids’ ignorant behavior.
n be ignorant of/about sth不知道
Some teenagers are ignorant of the culture and history of their country.
5 furious adj. 1) 狂怒的,暴怒的 2) 激烈的
1) Gwen對於她最好的朋友一直在背後說她的壞話感到非常憤怒。
n be furious at/about sth 感到憤怒
The locals living near the chemical factory are furious at the water pollution.
2) The killing of whales in Japan leads to a furious protest from Australia.
fury n. 1)sing. 狂怒,盛怒(的狀態) (= rage) 2) [U] 狂怒,盛怒 (= rage)
1) n fly into a fury 勃然大怒
Seeing the messy living room, the mother flew into a fury.
2) n with fury 生氣地
The angry man shut the door with fury.
6 crush n. [C] 1) 迷戀 2) (usu. sing.) 擁擠的人群
1) Lucy迷戀這英俊的男孩好幾週,但是她很快就對他沒興趣了。
n have a crush on sb 迷戀某人
Many girls at my school have a crush on the basketball captain.
2) 這位遊客沒辦法出車站,因為他被困在人群裡了。
A crush of reporters are waiting outside the airport for the arrival of the movie star.
crush vt. 1) 壓扁,壓碎 2) 鎮壓 (= put down)
1) Debbie不小心坐在袋子上,把裡面的餅乾壓碎了。
The worker accidentally crushed his finger with the hammer.
n crush sb to death 壓死
In the earthquake, the roof fell and crushed the people inside to death.
2) The government sent out armies to crush the revolt (叛變).
7 separate vt. 1) 分隔,分開 2) 隔開
1) Wendy和醫院裡其他病人隔開,因為她需要特別的照顧。
n separate sth from sth 分開
You should separate good books from bad ones.
2) The two cities are separated by the river.
separate adj. 1) 分開的,單獨的 2) 互不相關的 (通常置於名詞前)
1) 我姐姐和我總是共享同一個房間。我們希望我們有一天可以有各自的房間。
You should write down your answer on a separate sheet of paper.
n go one’s separate ways 分手,結束與的關係
After a huge fight, the couple decided to go their separate ways.
2) What you’re talking about are two separate issues. Don’t lump them together (混為一談).
separation n. [C] 1) 分離,離別 2) 分居
1) 在外國獨自工作和讀書的人必須忍耐和他們的家人長時間的分離。
After a separation of thirty years, the old man finally found his family.
2) The couple finally divorced after a three-year separation.
8 download vt. 下載 ( upload)
這網站提供很多有用的程式給電腦使用者,他們可以免費下載所需。
You will be fined if you download songs illegally from the Internet.
9 dependence n. [U] 依賴,依靠 ( independence)
這國家正嘗試著要降低對核能的依賴。大部分的人們希望有一天可以完全停止使用它。
n dependence on/uponsb/sth 依賴
We have strong dependence on the Internet in our daily life.
depend vi. 依賴,取決於
The kittens must depend on their mama for a few months after their birth.
dependent adj. 依賴的
Children need to be dependent on their parents for care and protection.
10 technological adj. 科技的
無疑地,電腦的發明是現代最重要的科技發展之一。
Due to technological development, we now enjoy a convenient life.
technology n. [U][C] 科技
隨著科技進步,人類在未來要住在其它星球上是有可能的。
Technology has made it possible to share information on the Internet.
Modern technologies make people’s lives easier.
technologically adv. 技術上
This plan is technologically possible, but it costs too much.
11 luxury n. 1) [C] 奢侈品 2) [U] 奢侈,奢侈的享受
1) Allen的新平板電腦是他為自己生日而買的奢侈品。
It’s hard to imagine that milk is a luxury in some undeveloped countries like Kenya.
2) Miller太太過著奢華的生活,她有很多名牌包,還開跑車。
I don’t think we should envy those who live in luxury.
luxurious adj. 奢華的,極為舒適的
Wilbur在豪華飯店過夜,並且享受那裏的六星級服務。
Mary has a luxurious bedroom, which has a private bedroom, a color TV, and a huge bed.
12 addict n. [C] 1) 沉迷於的人,對上癮的人 2) 有毒癮的人
1) Simon沉迷於電動。他每天大約花8小時打線上遊戲。
A smartphone addict would feel lonely and helpless without his or her phone.
Allen is a junk food addict. No wonder he is fat and gets sick often.
2) 這個有毒癮的人下定決心戒毒。他現在尋求醫生協助。
A drug addict must receive medical treatment to deal with the problem.
addiction n. [C][U] 沉迷,上癮
習慣有可能變成上癮,這就是為什麼Sophia每天要喝至少5杯咖啡。
John has strong addiction to computer games. That is why he often sleeps in class.
addicted adj. 沉迷於
n be addicted to sth 沉迷於某事
If you are addicted to gambling, you will lose a lot of money.
13 psychological adj. 1) (關於) 心理學的 2) 心理的,精神上的 (= mental)
1) 根據一項最近的心理學研究,人們通常會在某個特定的睡眠階段作夢。
Many psychological theories have been proposed to explain why we would dream when sleeping.
2) 這個在街上沒來由就對人吼叫的男人一定有些心理問題。
Living in an environment full of noises and pressure can cause psychological disorders.
psychology n.[U] 心理學
King博士是心理學專家。他做了許多迷信和恐懼之間關係的研究。
Many people are studying psychology to understand more about human behavior.
psychologist n.[C] 心理學家
身為一名心理學家,Trout博士研究許多現代人精神和情緒上的問題。
Tina consults the psychologist about her daughter’s depression (憂鬱症).
14 term n. [C] 1) 用語,術語 2) 學期 3)任期
1) 「御宅族」是一個一般用來形容深深著迷於漫畫的人的一個用語。
You should not include too many technical terms in your presentation; otherwise it is too difficult for the audience.
2) In the UK, there are three terms: the autumn term, the spring term, and the summer term.
3) n term of/in office 任期
The president pushed through many reforms in his term of office.
額外補充
in glowing terms 稱讚
The mayor described the firefighters’ heroic behavior in glowing terms.
in no uncertain terms 斬釘截鐵地說
The residents expressed their rejection of the establishment of the new factory in no uncertain terms.
in terms of 來說
In terms of cost, a trip to Australia is expensive.
on good / bad terms with sb
和某人關係/不好
Herbert is still on good terms with his ex-wife.
15 isolated adj. 1)孤單的,感到孤立的 2) 偏僻的 (= remote) 3) 個別的
1) Rachel在新學校很孤單。她在那裡還沒有交到任何朋友。
Hanna was isolated in the class; no one would like to talk to or play with her.
2) Few tourists visited the isolated area, for it was too far and inconvenient.
3) n isolated incident/case/event 個案
According to the police, the murder was an isolated case.
isolate vt. 隔離,孤立
這片大湖將那座小鎮與國家其它的部份隔開,使它成為一塊寧靜的居地。
This hospital isolated patients with infectious disease.
isolation n. [U] 1) 隔離,孤立 2) 孤獨,孤單
1) 在隔絕於外面世界好幾年後,這男人完全忘記要如何適當地和別人溝通。
The geographic isolation of Australia led to a division of animals between it and other continents.
n international/diplomatic/political isolation 國際/外交/政治孤立
The country experienced international isolation after the war.
The farmer lives in isolation from the modern world. He doesn’t know what a computer is.
額外補充
in isolation 個別地
The police asked that all the suspects should be questioned in isolation.
2) Elderly people living in social isolation are potential victims of Alzheimer’s disease (阿茲海默症).
16 access n. [U] 1) (使用某物、見到某人的) 機會 2) 通路,入徑
1) 這城鎮決定建造一座動物園來讓當地人可以見到野生動物。
n access to 的機會
You have to fill in this form to gain access to the system.
The reporter was given special access to the mayor and allowed to interview him.
2) n access to 通往的路徑
This path offers easy access to the beach. It’s the most convenient way to get there.
額外補充
access當名詞時可以和以下形容詞搭配:
direct (直接)easyfreegoodready (立即的)immediatequickunlimited (不受限制的)limited (受限制的)poor
access vt. 存取 (電腦資料、數據等)
現今,許多人用智慧型手機來存取電子郵件。
Before you access the database, you should key in the PIN number (密碼).
With a click of the mouse, you can access news around the world.
accessible adj. 1) 可到達的,可進入的 2) 可取得的,可使用的
1)The village is not easily accessible from here. It is deep in the mountains.
2)Dangerous objects, like knives and chemicals, should be kept where they will not be accessible to children.
17 contact n. 1) [C] 聯絡人 2) [U] 聯繫,聯絡 3) [U] 碰觸,接觸
1) Gordon先生有許多商業上的連絡人,他常打電話給他們以培養密切的工作關係。
I get a job in Google because I have a contact there.
2) Keys女士出差的時候,她通常會和經理用電子郵件保持聯繫。
n be/get/stay/keep in contact with sb 與某人保持聯繫 ( lose contact with sb)
A homeroom teacher should be in close contact with parents.
n have contact with sb 和某人有連絡
The retired couple live in a remote village and have no contact with the outside world.
n make contact with sb 和某人取得聯繫
Megan’s phone was off, so I couldn’t make contact with her.
3) n on contact (with sth) 接觸的剎那
The butter melted on contact with the hot pan.
n come into contact with 接觸
Sodium () explodes when it comes into contact with water.
contact vt. 聯繫,聯絡
如果你想要聯繫我的話,就打我名片上這支電話號碼。
If you have any problem, you should contact the police.
18 emergency n. [C][U] 緊急狀況
Elisa貯存了瓶裝水和一些罐頭食物,因應像地震和颱風這樣的緊急狀況。
Call 119 in case of an emergency.
n a state of emergency 緊急狀態
The president declared a state of emergency after the disastrous tsunami.
額外補充
emergency exit 緊急出口
emergency room 急診室
19.promptly adv. 迅速地,即時地
為了拯救病人的生命,醫生和護士即時地反應是很重要的。
The president decided to react promptly to the approaching financial crisis.
prompt adj. 1) 迅速的,立即的 (= immediate) 2) (指人) 準時的 (= punctual) (不置於名詞前)
1) 這位消防員採取立即的行動,並且成功地拯救困在著火房子裡的小孩。
When you receive an invitation letter, you should give a prompt reply to let the host know whether you will come or not.
2) The ceremony will start at exactly six o’clock in the evening. Please be prompt.
20 suffer 1) vi. 受苦 2) vt. 遭受承受
1) 這位老婦人最近受健康欠佳所苦。舉例來說,她有時候頭和後背會疼痛。
The woman who lost her son in the car accident suffered from depression.
2) 這家公司承受很多生意上的損失,最後關門倒閉。
An athlete tends to suffer injury if he or she does not pay attention in the contest.
n suffer the consequences 承擔後果
If you decide to drop out of school, you’ll have to suffer the consequences.
sufferer n.[C] 受害者,患者
These researchers were working to develop new medicines to help treat these asthma sufferers.
suffering n. [U] 痛苦,苦難
When I am in trouble, I will pray to God to give me strength to endure the suffering.
21 frequently adv. 常常地,頻繁地
FAQ代表的是「最常被問的問題」,是一連串常常被問到且附有答案的問題。
In Taiwan, drunk driving causes car accidents frequently.
frequent adj. 常常的,頻繁的
Karen是博物館的常客,她每個星期都會造訪那裡。
The frequent use of the pesticide (殺蟲劑) would harm the environment.
frequent vt. (fml.) 常去 (某處)
The library in my neighborhood is the place I frequent most.
frequency n. [U] 1) 發生率,頻率 2) 頻繁 (= regularity)
1) The frequency of floods has been growing recently owing to the abnormal climate.
2) The increasing frequency of natural disasters really worries many scientists.
22 message n. [C] 訊息,消息
因為Joseph在開會,我留了訊息給他,並且請他盡快回我的電話。
If you want to attend the party, you could send me a message on the Facebook.
額外補充
message board 留言板
text message (手機) 簡訊
take a message 接電者為來電者留言
leave a message 來電者留言給欲聯絡的人
A: May I speak to Janet, please?
B: Sorry, Janet is out. Can I take a message?
A: Sure, I’d like to leave her a message. This is Wendy. Could you tell her to come over at 6 p.m. tomorrow?
messenger n. [C] 送信人,信差
貓頭鷹在《哈利波特》的小說裡是主要的信差。這些鳥負責傳遞郵件。
In Chinese culture, happiness magpies (喜鵲) are viewed as messengers that carry good news.
23 insist 1) vi.; vt. 堅持,執意 2)vt. 堅稱
1) 雖然Rosa很忙碌,但她還是堅持每個週末都要陪伴家人。
n insist on V-ing 執意
Nick insisted on leaving earlier.
n insist (that) 堅持
The doctor insisted that Robin (should) be hospitalized.
2) Although nobody believed Zack, he still insisted that what he had said was true.
額外補充
if you insist 如果你堅持的話,恭敬不如從命
“Can you finish the cake?” “If you insist.”

額外補充
assist vt. 協助
I want to thank Amy for assisting me with the homework.
consist vi. 組成
The book consists of ten chapters.
resist vt. 抵抗
I cannot resist the smell of the chocolate cake.
persist vi. 持續、堅持 (帶有意志堅決的味道)
If the pain persists, take this pill.
Peter persists in finishing the work today.
insistence n [U] 堅持,堅決的要求
n insistence on (doing) sth堅持 ()
The chairman’s insistence on reducing the staff upsets the employees.
n at one’s insistence在某人的堅持下
At her mother’s insistence, Rachel finally went to the dentist.
insistent adj. 1) 強烈主張的,堅決要求的 2) 持續的
1) The librarian is insistent that people should keep their voice down in the library.
2) The insistent ringing of the doorbell was really annoying.
24 clever adj. 1) 好用的,巧妙的 (= ingenious) 2) 機靈的,聰穎的 (= intelligent)
1) 這是個巧妙的計畫!我相信它會幫助我們比預期還要更快完成所有的工作。
A clever use of the blackboard can help students learn English better.
2) 你真聰明可以想出針對我們問題這麼有用的解決方法。
It is clever of you to assign the task according to your team members’ strength.
25 concentrate 1) vi. 專心,集中注意力 2) vt. 集中,聚集
1) 請別跟我說話。我正試著專注在實驗上面。
The noise outside makes it difficult for me to concentrate.
2) Air pollution is concentrated in the heart of downtown.
concentration n. [U] 專心,專注
這噪音讓Amber無法專心,她不能專注念書。
The child lacks concentration during class. His mind wanders as he thinks about the comics that he has read.
concentrated adj. 1) 全力以赴的,全神貫注的 2) 集中的 3) 濃縮的
1) Bill made a concentrated effort to solve those math problems.
2) The ship was hit by concentrated gunfire and sank in an instant.
3) Don’t forget to add water to the concentrated orange juice before drinking.

Words for Recognition
1 disconnect anxiety n. 離線焦慮
知識萬花筒
除了本課提到的「手機離線焦慮症」,根據國內外醫學研究指出,過度使用手機還可能造成以下文明病:
1 手機幻聽症:總覺得自己的手機在響,其實根本沒有人打來。這是一種強迫症狀,偶爾幻聽並不影響健康,但若長期幻聽要考慮壓力是否太大。嚴重的幻覺容易演變成強迫症,需就醫治療。
2 手機依賴症:沒有手機就無所適從。不要以為手機依賴症不是什麼嚴重的疾病,長期下來容易導致焦慮、煩躁不安或情緒低落等,會為生活、工作與學習帶來壓力,甚至會導致神經系統及腦部功能異常。
3 手機焦慮症:生怕漏接手機、手機不在身邊就坐立不安,長期下來出現精神緊張、擔心和恐懼等焦慮症狀。經常處在焦慮下,會讓身體亮紅燈,導致頭暈、口乾、胸悶、心悸、呼吸困難、頻尿、出汗等。
4 手機恐懼症:有時對一些不想接到的電話,鈴聲一響就心煩意亂,卻又不能不使用手機或不開機,讓人不自由。
5 手機虛榮症:只要有新款手機上市,就忍不住要換,甚至省吃儉用只為了買新款手機;並且還頻繁更換手機鈴聲、外殼顏色,這種「手機虛榮症」是人格虛榮和不自信的表現。
disconnect n. [U] 中斷
After the earthquake, the power was off, followed by the disconnect of the phone line.
disconnect vt. 中斷連線
The telephone seemed broken; it would disconnect the calls as soon as I picked up the phone.
connect vt. 1) 接通 (電話、網路) 2) 連通,連接
1) Thank you for calling Smith Brothers. Would you like me to connect you to Mr. Smith?
2) The Golden Gate Bridge in California connects San Francisco to Marin County.
connection n. [U] 連接
The café provides free Internet connection to all customers.
anxiety n.[U] 焦慮,憂慮
The patient was filled with anxiety before the operation.
anxious adj. 焦急的,憂慮的 (= worried)
Anita was anxious about meeting her future parents-in-law.

Idioms and Phrases
1 hang up 掛斷 (電話)
跟朋友說完一小時的電話後,Denny終於掛斷電話,回到工作崗位。
When receiving a fraud call (詐騙電話), don’t talk to the caller. Just hang up.
額外補充
hang up on sb 掛某人的電話
Faith had a fight with her boyfriend on the phone. She was so angry that she hung up on him.
2 nothing but 只有
Molly是如此自私的人,她只在乎她自己。
After the marathon, what the runner needed was nothing but bottles of cool water.
3 rather than 而不是
今天很冷,所以我要喝一杯熱牛奶,而不是冰茶。
You should tell the truth rather than lie to your friends.
文法加油站
rather than的用法事實上有點複雜,如果放句中的話,前後連接的詞語必須詞性或者時態一致,例:
Ron goes to work on foot rather than by bus.
I ate a cake rather than an apple.
I went swimming rather than stayed at home.
但是rather than後面的動詞也可以用原形動詞或者動名詞,例:
We should go home rather than discussing/discuss the matter here.
如果rather than放句首,後面動詞只用原形動詞或者動名詞,例:
Rather than get/getting angry, Judy responded to the insult with a laugh.
rather than用來連接兩個主詞時,動詞需和第一個主詞一致,例:
Rick rather than I walks to school every day.
另外would rather . . . than解釋為「寧願不要…」,後方需搭配原形動詞,例:
Sean would rather eat instant noodles at home than go out to eat.
4 kill time 打發時間,消磨時光
Kay約會早到了20分鐘,所以她去純逛街以打發時間。
Grandma had nothing to do, so she watched soap operas to kill time.
5 make sense 1) 合乎情理,明智 2) 說得通,易於理解
1) 人們追求自己的興趣是合乎情理的。
It makes sense to shop around for the best bargains.
2) 我的老師告訴我我的報告裡有一些部分不太合理,所以我必須要重寫那幾個部分。
Sandy hates working at night, so it doesn’t make sense that she would take a night job at the convenience store.
額外補充
make sense of 瞭解
We cannot make sense of what the foreigner is talking about.
come to one’s senses 用理性的方式思考
You girlfriend is cheating you! When will you come to your senses?
6 turn off something 關掉 (電源、水等) (= turn sth off, switch off sth; turn/switch on sth)
老師要求學生離開語言教室的時候關掉電腦。
Turn off the light before you leave the room.
7 had better 最好…,還是()
現在已經晚上11點了。你最好現在就去睡覺,不然你明天會有黑眼圈。
You had better not go outside because the rain is getting heavier.

歷屆考題
一、詞彙題
(  ) 1 The boy        to the teacher for his improper behavior.
(A) apologized   (B) appealed   (C) approached   (D) attached           85學測】
(  ) 2 On receiving my letter of complaint, the hotel manager sent me a written       .
(A) consent      (B) scandal    (C) lecture       (D) apology          92指考】
(  ) 3 No one could beat Paul at running. He has won the running championship       for three years.
(A) rapidly      (B) urgently   (C) continuously  (D) temporarily       101學測】
(  ) 4 Mr. Chang always tries to answer all questions from his students. He will not        any of them even if they may sound stupid.
(A) reform      (B) depress     (C) ignore       (D) confirm          94學測】
) 5 The angry passengers argued ______ with the airline staff because their flight was cancelled without any reason.
(A) evidently    (B) furiously    (C) obediently   (D) suspiciously      104學測
(  ) 6 After dinner, Richard offered to pay the bill, but May insisted that they do it       .
(A) generously   (B) separately   (C) completely   (D) extensively       86學測】
(  ) 7 Now that my computer is connected to the Internet, I can browse e-papers, send and receive e-mail, and       software.
(A) upset        (B) overcharge  (C) undertake     (D) download       91指考】
(  ) 8 I am studying so hard for the forthcoming entrance exam that I do not have the        of a free weekend to rest.
(A) luxury       (B) license     (C) limitation      (D) strength        95學測】
Answers:
一、1 A   2 D   3 C   4 C   5 B   6 B   7 D   8 A

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