2018年2月26日 星期一

B4 U1 Vocabulary & Phrases

VOCABULARY
I. Words for Production
1. exchange  vt. to give something and receive the same kind of thing in return 交換
► The two women exchanged business cards when they first met.
這兩位女士在她們初次見面時交換名片。
2. text  n. [U] any form of written material 文字,文本
► If you are interested in the full text of this report, you can find it on the reporter’s blog.
如果你對這篇報導的全文感興趣,你可以在那位記者的部落格中找到。
3. message  n. [C] a piece of spoken or written information  訊息,留言
► I left a message for Tim, asking him to call me back.
我留了訊息給提姆,請他回電。
4. conversation  n. [C][U] an informal talk between two or more people 談話,交談
► Rose and I had a long conversation in the café. We had many things to talk about with each other.
我和蘿絲在咖啡店裡談了許久。我們有很多事情要和對方說。
5. interrupt  vt.; vi. to stop something temporarily, or to make someone stop what they are doing or saying 打斷,使中斷
► Mark seemed embarrassed when he arrived late and interrupted the meeting.
當馬克遲到而打斷會議時,他看起來很尷尬。
interruption  n. [U][C] 打斷,中斷
► The speaker spoke for two hours without interruption.
講者不間斷地講了兩個小時。
6. combine  vt.; vi. to come together or put things together to form a single thing or group (使) 結合,混合
► The medicine works better when it is combined with other medical treatments.
這個藥與其他醫學療法結合使用時,效果較好。
7. presence  n. [U] the state or fact of being in a particular place 在場,出席  ANT absence
► Molly was so quiet that no one noticed her presence.
莫莉如此安靜,以至於無人注意到她在場。
present  adj. (not before n.) 在場的,出席的 ANT absent
 ► More than twenty thousand people were present at the big event.
超過兩萬人出席那場盛會。
adj. (only before n.) 當前的,現在的 SYN current
► Joey is a manager, and he is satisfied with his present position in the company.
喬伊是個經理,而他很滿意現在他在公司的職位。
8. negative  adj. bad or harmful; considering only the bad side 不好的,負面的 ANT positive
► If parents constantly fight, it may have a negative impact on their children.
若父母時常吵架,可能會對他們的孩子造成負面影響。
9. effect  n. [C][U] a change which is a result of an action or other cause 影響,結果
► A change in your habits will have an effect on your lifestyle.
習慣的改變會對你的生活方式有所影響。
effective  adj. 有效的 ANT ineffective
► This solution is simple but highly effective in fixing the problem.
 這個解決方法雖簡單卻能極有效地解決問題。
10. yell  vi.; vt. to shout loudly 大吼,叫喊
► When I stepped on Nancy’s foot, she yelled in pain (疼痛).
當我踩到南茜的腳,她疼痛地大叫。
11. behave  vi. to act or do things in a particular way 表現 SYN act
► Kyle is thirty years old, but sometimes he behaves just like a little boy.
凱爾已經三十歲了,但他有時候還是表現得像個小男孩。
behavior  n. [U] 行為,舉止
► Vanessa’s strange behavior made me wonder if she was hiding something from me.
凡妮莎的奇怪舉動令我懷疑她是否對我隱瞞了什麼。
12. appealing  adj. attractive, interesting  有吸引力的,令人感興趣的 ANT unappealing
► The idea of taking a trip to London is very appealing to me.
去倫敦旅遊的主意對我十分有吸引力。
appeal  vi. 吸引,引起興趣
► This movie appeals not only to children but also to adults. It is popular among all age groups.
這部電影不僅吸引孩童,也引起成人的興趣。它在各年齡層都很受歡迎。
13. obvious  adj. easy to see or understand  明顯的 SYN apparent
► Jane looks pale. It is obvious that there is something wrong with her.
珍看起來很蒼白。很明顯,她不太對勁。
14. communication  n. [U] the process of exchanging information or expressing thoughts and feelings 交流
► Body language can be an effective form of communication.
肢體語言可以成為一種有效的交流方式。
   communicate  vi.; vt. 溝通,傳達
   ► My client lives in a foreign country, so we usually communicate with each other by e­mail.
我的客戶居住在國外,所以我們通常透過電子郵件來和彼此溝通。
15. eager  adj. very interested in doing something or excited about             something that is going to happen 熱切的,渴望的
► Tom is very eager to start his new job tomorrow.
湯姆很渴望明天開始新工作。
16. connected  adj. related to each other 聯結的,有關聯的 ANT unconnected
   ► The police thought that the two similar cases might be connected.
警方認為這兩起類似的案件可能有關聯。
connect  vt. 和……有關聯,連接 SYN link
► The scientists have connected the area’s recent unusual weather with global warming.
科學家們認為這個地區近來的氣候異常和全球暖化有關聯。
17. odd  adj. different from what is usual or expected 古怪的,怪異的 SYN strange
► My neighbor is an odd person. She likes to wear a heavy coat in the summertime.
我的鄰居是個古怪的人。她喜歡在夏季時穿著厚外套。
18. engage  vi. to be doing or to get involved in an activity 投入,從事
► Diane has engaged in several animal protection campaigns.
黛安投入於數個動物保育活動。
19. unpleasant  adj. not enjoyable or comfortable 令人不愉快的
► The meeting was such an unpleasant experience that no one wanted to talk about it.
這場會議是個如此不愉快的經驗,以至於無人想談論它。
pleasant  adj. 令人愉快的 SYN nice
► Philip’s smiling face showed that he had enjoyed a pleasant evening with his date.
菲利浦的笑臉透露出他與他的約會對象享受了愉快的夜晚。
20. incident  n. [C] an event, especially an unusual or unpleasant one 事件
► I saw a dead cat last month. Since then, I have dreamed about this incident every night.
我上個月看到一隻死貓。從那時起,我每晚都會夢到這件事。
21. harm  n. [U] damage or injury caused by an action or event 傷害
► Swimming without warming up first may cause some harm to your body.
沒有暖身就下水游泳可能會對你的身體造成傷害。


IDIOMS AND PHRASES
1. catch up on  to learn about something that has happened 了解,得知 (近況)
► Rachel and I spent the whole night catching up on what had happened recently in our lives.
我和瑞秋花了一整個晚上了解最近彼此生活中發生的事情。
to do something that should have been done earlier 補做
► Rex didn’t go out with me because he had a lot of homework to catch up on.
瑞克斯沒有跟我出去,因為他有許多作業要補做。
2. in one’s presence  with someone in the same place 在……面前,有……在場
► Jerry never says anything negative about my favorite singer in my presence.
傑瑞從不在我面前談論我最喜歡歌手的負面言論。
3. due to  caused by someone or something 由於,因為  SYN because of
► Due to a lack of food, most people in that country are very thin and unhealthy.
由於糧食短缺,那個國家大多數的人民都非常瘦又不健康。
4. face to face  in a situation where people are close together and looking at each other 面對面
► The salesperson likes to meet with customers face to face.

這名銷售員喜歡與客戶面對面見面。

2018年2月21日 星期三

高中英文翻譯密集訓練 1-3

高中英文翻譯密集訓練 1
試譯下列各句

【A 題組】
1. 基於環境方面的考量,日本的公車司機被要求在等紅綠燈時熄掉引擎。

2. 藉由這麼做,日本人希望能夠減少他們溫室氣體的排放,防止全球暖化更加嚴重。
【A 題組】
1. 第一題可譯為:
Due to environmental concerns, Japanese bus drivers are required to turn off their engines while waiting for traffic lights.
2 .第二題可譯為:

By doing so, the Japanese hope to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions and prevent global warming from increasing.
【B 題組】
1. 台灣有些醫院養寵物狗來陪伴必須長期與家人分開的慢性病患者。

2. 透過與這些『狗醫生』的互動,許多病人已有顯著的改善,有些甚至完全康復。
【B 題組】
1. 第一題可譯為:
Some hospitals in Taiwan keep pet dogs to accompany chronically ill patients who have to be separated from their families for a long time.
2. 第二題可譯為:

Through their interactions with these "dog doctors," many patients have made remarkable improvement, and some have even recovered completely.
【C 題組】
1. 現今,大部分人都仰賴電子郵件與即時通訊來和朋友保持聯絡。

2. 然而,我認為這樣的科技對人們溝通的能力有負面的影響。

【借題發揮】
1.Jonathan 用滅火器阻止了火勢繼續蔓延。(提示:prevent)

2. 我陪 Mary 到火車站去,因為夜色已經很深了。(提示:accompany)

3. 她父母的離婚深深影響她對婚姻的態度。(提示:impact)


高中英文翻譯密集訓練 2
試譯下列各句

【A 題組】
1. 有關含汞(mercury)流感疫苗的報導已經嚇壞了許多父母。

2.   官員已向大眾保證那些藥劑的安全性,但該新聞仍引起許多關於含汞針劑的辯論。

【B 題組】
1.  Alan 是我一個對人生抱持樂觀態度的朋友。

2.  他總是建議我要放開生命中的挫敗與失望。

【C 題組】
1.  Lisa 和她的網友交換照片後相約見面。

2.  結果,他竟然是幼稚園時坐在她隔壁的同學。

【借題發揮】
1.  總統上電視向大眾保證自己在這起醜聞中是清白的。(提示:assure sb that ...)

 2. 我老闆是 Mary 的一位叔叔,所以我試著盡可能對她友好。(提示:雙重所有格)

 3. 經過長時間的調查,結果 George 竟然是兇手。(提示:it turned out...)


高中英文翻譯密集訓練 3
試譯下列各句

【A 題組】
1.  據報導,台灣的小學生越來越矮。

2.  根據統計數字,學生的平均身高過去兩年來減少了一公分。

3.  為了讓他們長高,學生應該多攝取鈣質,並多運動。

【B 題組】
1.  我媽媽雖然幾年前已經退休,她還是一直很忙碌。

2.  她每天很早起床準備我們的早餐和做家事。

3.  此外,她週末會去醫院當義工幫助病人。

【借題發揮】
1.  想在這裡找份工作越來越難了。(提示:increasingly)

 2. 過去十年來,籃球迷的數目持續增加。(提示:for the past...)


 3. 除了會彈鋼琴之外,Jamie 也會拉小提琴。(提示:besides)

2018年2月6日 星期二

讀到懂》閱讀句子也有二八原理

為什麼讀不懂一句話?最常見的原因是沒有看清楚結構,句子裡有太多的「干擾源」。比較一下這兩段,看到主結構,閱讀的時間大約是20%,也就是用對方法,你會節省80%的時間。

1. 線性閱讀法:

The fact that many family organizations are not monogamous as in the West, led many nineteenth-century observers to the erroneous conclusion that in "early" stages of evolution there existed no families, and that "group marriage", institutionalized promiscuity, prevailed.
從頭讀到尾,只有兩種結果
1) 完全搞不懂,就算查了單字,也沒幫助
2) 好像有點懂,但無法簡要再說一遍

2. 文法分析閱讀法:

用文法分析,會幫助理解,但大部份讀者文法觀念不見得那麼清楚,而且就算清楚,也會太耗時費力。

3. 句構簡化閱讀

找出主詞動詞的結構,先排除干擾源,即可得知整句是在說:
有一項事實讓十九世紀觀察者做了錯誤的結論。想進一步瞭解,可以去看是哪一項事實,哪一個錯誤的結論。

【旅遊會話】到國外怎麼叫計程車

「叫」計程車怎麼叫

搭計程車搭配的動詞是 take,像是我要去搭計程車就可以說:I’m going to take a taxi.
那在路上要攔計程車要怎麼說呢?可以用 hail 這個動詞,假如今天跟朋友提議要搭計程車,就可以說:Let’s hail a taxi.

如何報路

要告知司機目的地可以運用以下句型:
I’m going to _____.
Could you take me to _____, please.
Do you know where _____ is?
舉幾個例子:
I’m going to Buckingham Palace.(我要去白金漢宮。)
Could you take me to Times Square, please?(可以麻煩您載我到時代廣場嗎?)
Do you know where the Leaning Tower of Pisa is?(您知道比薩斜塔在哪裡嗎?)

提出特殊請求

有時候如果趕時間,想請司機開快一點,可以這樣說:
I'm in a rush.(我趕時間。)
I’m in a big hurry. Could you take the quickest route, please?(我很趕。可以請您開最近的路嗎?)
Will/Can we get there by noon?(我們可以在中午之前抵達那邊嗎?)
如果沒有要直達目的地,想中停在某個景點,也可以這樣跟司機說:
Could you drive past _____ on the way?(可以請您經過某個景點嗎?)
Do you mind making a quick stop at _____?(您介意在某個景點暫停一下嗎?)

下車禮儀

下車別忘了結帳,通常會需要認識以下會話:
How much do I owe you?(我要給您多少錢?)
How much is the fare, please?(請問車資是多少呢?)
Do you take credit cards?(您收信用卡嗎?)
如果有找錢,想要請司機留下來當做小費,則可以說:
Keep the change.(請不用找零。)
最後別忘了國際禮儀,好好感謝辛苦的司機先生:
Thanks for the ride.(感謝您的接送。)
學會這些會話,下次出國就不怕叫計程車,旅程更游刃有餘了!