2.2 文法句型翻譯 (英文加強班)

1. wh­ + S + V → wh­ + to V

說明  疑問詞wh­ (whom、what、when、where、which、how)引導的名詞子句中，

       若句意為「應該……」或「可以……」，通常可簡化成名詞片語(wh­ + to V)。

       此類的名詞子句中常搭配should、can或could等助動詞。

例句 1. Many household objects can be a great help to us, as long as we know how we can use them.

→ Many household objects can be a great help to us, as long as we know how to use them.
(只要我們知道如何使用，許多居家常備的物品可以幫上大忙。)

2. Tom is thinking about where he should go on the weekend.

→ Tom is thinking about where to go on the weekend.

(Tom正在思考週末應該去哪裡。)

3. Jeff will tell you what you should do when you’re ready.

→ Jeff will tell you what to do when you’re ready.

(等你準備好時Jeff會告訴你該做什麼。)

練習 1. Rachel不知道如何拒絕Charlie又不使他心碎。

Rachel doesn’t know   how　   to　   reject　 Charlie without breaking his heart.

2. Daniel問我他應該什麼時候採取行動。

Daniel asked me   when　   to　   make　 his move.

2. S + seem(s) to + V....
  → It seems (that) + S + V....

說明 1 此句型有推測的意味，用來表達「不確定的看法或推論」，意思為

        「似   乎……，好像……」。句子中以人或具體的事物作主詞，後面則 

        以seem(s) to加上原形動詞來表示。注意seem不能為進行式。

     2 另外，此句型也能以第二個句型替換。句子中的it為虛主詞，用以代替

        that所引導的子句(真主詞)。當從第一個句型換成第二個句型時，須注意

        動詞的時態變化。

例句 1. Cola seems to be the same as any other beverage.
       → It seems that Cola is the same as any other beverage.
       (可樂似乎和其他飲料一樣。)

     2. William seems to prefer tea to coffee.
       → It seems that William prefers tea to coffee.
       (William好像喜歡茶多於咖啡。)

     3. Tracy and Mike seem to fall in love with each other.
       → It seems Tracy and Mike fall in love with each other.
       (Tracy和Mike似乎愛上彼此了。)

練習 1. 一張DVD對電影迷來說似乎是最完美的禮物。
        A DVD   seem　 　to　   be　 the perfect gift for a movie fan.

     2. Larry說的話似乎傷了他女朋友的心。
　　 　  It      seems     that    Larry’s words have broken his girlfriend’s heart.

3. in fact 其實

說明  in fact可以用來表示「其實，事實上」，其他類似的用法有actually, in truth     

      和as a matter of fact。

例句 1. In fact, many household objects can be a great help to us in our daily lives.
       (事實上，許多居家用品可以對我們的日常生活起很大的幫助。)

     2. Nancy let Ron believe she enjoyed the movie, but in truth she thought it

       was boring.

       (Nancy讓Ron相信她喜歡這部電影，但事實上她覺得電影很無聊。)

     3. I don’t know what Jack looks like. As a matter of fact, I have never met him.
       (我不知道Jack長什麼樣子。事實上，我從來沒有見過他。)

練習 1. Charlie也許看起來很安靜，但其實他是個非常友善和有創意的人。
       Charlie may seem quiet, but   in     fact   he is a very friendly

       and creative person.

     2. 我對於我的演講不是感到很緊張。事實上，我相當放鬆。
        I’m not very nervous about my speech.

          As      a      matter      of      fact  , I’m quite relaxed.

4. S + make + it + Adj (+ for sb) + to V....

說明 1此用法表示「使……變得……，使……成為……」的意思。make為不完

       全及物動詞，加上受詞後還須加上形容詞作為受詞補語，才能使語意完整。

     2此句型中真正的受詞為後面的不定詞片語(to V)，爲避免頭重腳輕，故用

       虛主詞it來代替。

例句 1. The acid in the soda will eat away at the rust and make it easy to wipe away.
       (汽水中的酸會腐蝕鏽斑，使它變得容易擦掉。)

     2. The coffee stains on the letter made it difficult for me to read.
       (信上的咖啡漬讓我閱讀起來很困難。)

     3. These online lessons make it possible for people to learn Japanese at home.
       (這些線上課程讓人們可以在家學日文。)

練習 1. 這個裝置將使得偷竊這輛車變得更困難。
        The device will   make      it      harder   to steal this car.

     2. 交通堵塞使得Billy不可能準時到學校。
        The traffic jam   made      it      impossible      for   Billy to get

        to school on time.

5. a few/few + N

說明  few用在複數可數名詞，a few表示「一些，幾個」，few則表示「不多，

      很少」。

例句 1. If you put a few sugar cubes into a container of cookies, the cookies will

       stay fresh and crisp.　

       (如果你在餅乾罐裡放幾塊方糖，餅乾就能保持新鮮酥脆。)

     2. Nina bought a few dresses in the department store.
       (Nina在百貨公司買了幾件洋裝。)

     3. Few people know how to speak Greek in Taiwan.
       (在台灣很少人會說希臘語。)

練習 1. 很少學生通過這個很難的考試。
　　 　  Few      students   passed the difficult test.

     2. 製作蛋糕，你需要一些烹調原料：麵粉、雞蛋和奶油。
        To make a cake, you will need   a      few      ingredients  : flour, eggs  

        and butter.

實力評量

I. 選擇題：依據下列各題句意，選出一個最符合語法的答案。

(   ) 1. There are so many clubs in school, and Ken doesn’t know 　　 join.
      (A) which to          (B) that to       (C) who to           (D) whom to

(   ) 2. The restaurant wasn’t as good as I had imagined 　　, the service there

      was awful.
      (A) However         (B) In fact       (C) Therefore      (D) At first

(   )3. 　　 Zack is interested in designing clothes.
      (A) It seeming                     (B) It seems      

      (C) That seems                    (D) That seeming

(   ) 4. The noise of the TV 　　 for Kelly to concentrate on her homework.
      (A) making hard                  (B) it made hard
      (C) made it hard                  (D) making it hard

(   ) 5. Ted 　　 enjoy acting.
      (A) seems          (B) it seems     (C) seems to         (D) seems that

(   ) 6. Melissa is thinking about 　　 wear to her job interview.
      (A) who she              (B) what she        (C) who to           (D) what to

(   ) 7. I made 　　 while studying in the United States.
      (A) a few friends  (B) few friend     (C) a few friend      (D) few of friends

(   ) 8. Chris is a close friend of mine. 　　, we have known each other for 20 years.
      (A) As a result                     (B) Every once in a while
      (C) As long as                     (D) As a matter of fact

(   ) 9. 　　 know about Howard’s family because he is a private person.
      (A) Few person     (B) Few people   (C) A few person     (D) Few of people

(   ) 10. This website 　　 easier for students to look for part­time jobs.
      (A) makes          (B) making      (C) it makes         (D) makes it

II. 重組句子：將以下各句重組並做適當修改。

1. Paul/his girlfriend’s/to/for/doesn’t know/what/buy/birthday
  ____________________________________________________

2. seems/Susan/to/a baseball fan/be
   ____________________________________________________

3. rejected Will/Yvonne/she/In fact,/seeing someone/is already
  ____________________________________________________

4. my friends/a/postcards/I/received/few/from
 _____________________________________________________

5. Smartphones/anytime/make/possible/it/to talk to friends
 _____________________________________________________

III. 引導式翻譯：每格限填一字。

1.導演會告訴你什麼時候可以開始拍攝。
  The director will tell you  ______  __________ __________  filming.

2. Watson先生似乎喜歡夜市的臺灣小吃。
   ______  __________ __________  Mr. Watson enjoys the Taiwanese snacks at

  night markets.

3. 大家都認為Ben應該成為科學家，但其實他想當一名廚師。
  Everyone thought Ben should become a scientist, but  ______  __________ he

  wanted to be a chef.

4.由於John忙碌的生活型態，他的朋友很少。
  John has ______ __________  because of his busy lifestyle.

5. Patrick不知道如何擺脫推銷員。
  Patrick doesn’t know______  __________ __________   ______  __________

  the salesman.

2.1 文法句型翻譯 (英文加強班)

  Unit 1

1. make/let/have + O + V

說明 1 make、let以及have皆為使役動詞，表示「驅使他人做……」之意。當其受詞為「主動做出動作者」，後面須接原形動詞。

2 另外，使役動詞get在接上受詞之後則必須以不定詞 (to V) 或動名詞 (V­ing) 來表示，即“get + O + to V/V­ing”，受詞亦為「主動做出動作者」。

例句 1. Tonight was my chance to make our friendship become a relationship!
(今晚是使我們的友情轉變為戀情的好機會！)

2. Mr. Laurence had his daughter decorate the Christmas tree.
(Laurence先生使他女兒裝飾聖誕樹。)

3. Gina made me wash the car for her.

→ Gina got me to wash/washing the car for her.  (Gina叫我幫她洗車。)

練習 1. 老師使Peter修理電腦。

The teacher m　made　 Peter 　fix/repair　 the computer.

2. 這個故事的結局使我猜想接下來發生什麼。

The ending of the story g　gets　 me t　thinking　 what happens next.

2. S + had + Vpp

說明 1 此句型為「過去完成式」，用來表示「某過去時間點以前已完成的動作或狀態」或「比發生在過去某一時間點之動作更早完成的動作或狀態」，常與「by + 時間」或when、before、after、by the time等連用。

2 使用過去完成式時，較早發生或完成的動作須用「過去完成式」，而較晚的動作則用「過去簡單式」。

例句 1. I had planned this day for such a long time!　(我計畫這一天已經好久了！)

2. Before James found an apartment, he had stayed in a hotel.
(James在找到公寓之前住在旅館。)

3. Clark had already found a job by the time he graduated from college.
(Clark大學畢業時已經找到工作了。)

練習 1. 日出景色比我想像中的美麗多了。

The sunrise 　was　 much more beautiful than I 　had　 　imagined　.

2. 我沒有意識到我讓Mandy難過了。

I 　didn’t　 　　 that I 　had　 　upset　 Mandy.

3. S + tell + sb (+ that) + S + V....

說明 1 tell為授與動詞，故應有直接受詞和間接受詞的存在。其中，間接受詞 sb為主詞S告訴的對象，直接受詞that子句則為主詞告訴的內容。

2 直接受詞that子句在此做名詞用，且that可以省略。

例句 1. I finally found the courage to tell Sally that I liked her.

(我終於找到勇氣告訴Sally我喜歡她。)

2. Nobody told me that the class had been cancelled for the day.
(沒有人告訴我今天停課。)

3. Ariel told the police there was a thief in her house.
(Ariel告訴警察她的房子裡有小偷。)

練習 1. Carrie沒有告訴她的母親她考試不及格。

Carrie 　didn’t　 　tell　 her mother 　that　 she failed the test.

2. Jim告訴我他決定要去醫院當志工。
Jim 　told　 　me　 he had decided to volunteer in the hospital.

4. S + be + Adj (+ that) + S + V....

說明 1 表感受的形容詞後接that子句可以用來表示「對某事感到……」之意。that子句為人感受的事件，that可被省略。

2 常用以表示感受的形容詞有delighted (高興)、disappointed (失望)、satisfied (滿意)、sorry (愧疚)、surprised (驚訝)、touched (感動)、upset (難過)和worried (擔心)等。

例句 1. I wasn’t surprised that she accepted my invitation.

(我不驚訝她接受了我的邀約。)

2. Miranda was disappointed I couldn’t go to her party.
(Miranda很失望我無法參加她的派對。)

3. My mother was satisfied that I had finished my homework.

(我的母親很滿意我已經做完功課了。)

練習 1. Sarah很感動Mike在情人節為她煮了晚餐。
Sarah 　was　 　touched　 　that　 Mike cooked dinner for her on Valentine’s Day.

2. Kevin很難過他的狗死了。

Kevin 　was　 　upset/sad　 　that　 his dog had died.

5. S + V...after/before/when/while + V­ing

說明 after、before、when、while等表「時間」的連接詞用來引導從屬子句。從屬子句的主詞與主要子句的主詞相同時，可將從屬子句的主詞省略，並將之後的主動動詞轉為現在分詞 (V­ing)。

例句 1. She took the rose before walking away.　(她在離開之前拿走了玫瑰。)

2. After returning from Russia, Julia shared her pictures excitedly.

(從俄國回來之後，Julia興奮地分享她的照片。)

3. Karl likes to listen to music when reading magazines.
(Karl看雜誌時喜歡聽音樂。)

練習 1. David在說出真相後感到放心多了。
David felt much more relieved 　after　 　telling　 the 　truth　.

2. Greg在打籃球時傷了他的腳踝。
Greg hurt his ankle 　while/when　 　playing　 basketball.

實力評量

I. 選擇題：依據下列各題句意，選出一個最符合語法的答案。

( B ) 1. Mrs. Jackson made the students 　　 themselves in front of the class.

(A) introducing            (B) introduce             (C) introduced     (D) introduces

( A ) 2. Andy 　　 the classroom before I arrived.

(A) had left                  (B) has left                (C) had leave       (D) has to leave

( C ) 3. I’m sorry 　　 I broke your mug. Let me buy you a new one.

(A) what                       (B) which                  (C) ×            (D) where

( A ) 4. Maria gave her mother a call after 　　 in Australia.

(A) arriving                   (B) arrived                 (C) arrives          (D) arrive

( D ) 5. The singer’s excellent performance got everyone 　　 their hands.

(A) clap                        (B) clapped               (C) claps           (D) clapping

( A ) 6. When I arrived at the theater, the movie 　　.

(A) had already started                    (B) has already started
(C) has already start                   (D) had already start

( D ) 7. Eric is 　　 he may fail the math test.
(A) worry                     (B) worries                (C) worrying that (D) worried that

( B ) 8. Grace ran into her high school friend while 　　 lunch in the café.
(A) have                       (B) having                 (C) has         (D) had

( A ) 9. My teacher 　　 me 　　 I did well on the English test.
(A) told; ×                    (B) told; which          (C) tells; where    (D) tells; then

( D ) 10. I never found the courage 　　 Victor 　　 I liked him.
(A) to tell; what          (B) tell; ×                   (C) tell; where      (D) to tell; that

II. 句型練習：依據提示字改寫或合併句子。

1. My sister allowed me to use her smartphone.　(用使役動詞let改寫)

  My sister let me use her smartphone.                                         

2. When I went back to my seat, my purse was already stolen.

(用過去完成式had +Vpp改寫)

When I went back to my seat, my purse had already been stolen.                    
3. Lydia told me something.

She had a great time in Japan. 　(用tell + sb (+ that) + S + V....合併改寫)

Lydia told me (that) she had a great time in Japan.                              

4. Leo was upset.

Wendy rejected Leo’s invitation.  　(用S + be + Adj (+ that) + S + V合併改寫)

Leo was upset (that) Wendy rejected his invitation.                              

5. Lucas saved a lot of money before he retired from his job.

(用S + V...before + V­ing改寫)
Lucas saved a lot of money before retiring from his job.                         

III. 引導式翻譯：每格限填一字。

1. Bryan的母親叫他打掃他的房間。
Bryan’s mother 　made　 him 　clean　 　up　 his room.

2. 我醒來時我的姐姐已經去上班了。
When I 　woke　 　up　, my sister 　had　 　gone　 to work.

3. Helen很驚訝我和George分手了。
Helen 　was　 　surprised　 　that　 George and I broke up.

4. 等候看診的同時你可以閱讀雜誌。
You can read the magazines 　while/when　 　waiting　 to see the doctor.

5. 你有沒有告訴服務生地板上有碎玻璃？
Did you 　tell　 the waiter 　that　 there’s broken glass on the floor?