|
1 修飾人：It +
is / was + Adj + of sb + to V |
→
這個句型以虛主詞it開頭，把真正的主詞to
V放在句尾，主要用來修飾人，表示「某人做某事 / 某動作很……」或「某人做某事 / 某動作是……的」。而也由於這個句型用來修飾人，所以句型中的形容詞會以能修飾人的形容詞為主。
例：It was kind of Susan to help me deal with the problem.
Susan真是好心，幫助我處理這個問題。
It was crazy of Vicky to go to every concert of the band.
Vicky真是瘋狂，去參加了那個樂團的每場演唱會。
練習：根據句型合併句子。
Trevor made a birthday
cake for his brother.
_________________________________________________________________
Amy helped me with my
math homework.
_________________________________________________________________
|
關係副詞：…N
+ when
+ S + V… where |
→ 1. 此句型介紹關係副詞why、when、where。關係副詞在文法上的結構是由「介系詞 + 關係代名詞」組成的，用來引導結構完整的形容詞子句，以修飾前面的先行詞。其中why用來修飾表「原因、理由」的先行詞；when用來修飾表「時間」的先行詞；而where則修飾表「地點」的先行詞。
2. 由於關係副詞由「介系詞
+ 關係代名詞」組成，如果想把關係副詞還原的話，why可還原為for which；when可還原為at / in / on / during which；而where則可還原為at / in / on / from which。還原成「介系詞 + 關係代名詞」的結構時，介系詞的選用依先行詞而定。
例：The teacher wants to know the
reason why Hank is late for
school every day.
→ The teacher wants to
know the reason for which Hank
is late for school every day.
老師想知道Hank每天上學都遲到的原因。
Sam will always remember the day
when he met his true love.
→ Sam will always
remember the day on which he
met his true love.
Sam將一直記得他遇見真愛的那天。
Please tell me the restaurant
where you had dinner yesterday.
→ Please tell me the
restaurant in which you had
dinner yesterday.
請告訴我你昨天吃晚餐的餐廳。
練習：根據句型合併句子。
The new product is not
popular for a reason.
_________________________________________________________________
Daniel lived in Tokyo
in the year.
_________________________________________________________________
Mary keeps her
favorite doll in the box.
_________________________________________________________________
|
3 to
/ in order to / so as to + V |
→
不定詞to加上原形動詞時，可用來表示「目的」，通常翻譯成「為了……」。這個用法亦可以用in order to V或so as to V來代換，但其中的so as to V不能放在句首。
例：The mother read her daughter’s
diary to know her life.
那位母親為了知道她女兒的生活而讀了她的日記。
To make his
dreams come true, the pianist practices hard every day.
為了讓他的夢想成真，這名鋼琴家每天努力練習。
練習：根據中譯完成句子。(每格不限填一字)
1.
為了賺更多錢，Gary做三份打工。
________, Gary takes
three part-time jobs.
2.
很多人正在商店前排隊，為了買最新的智慧型手機。
Many people are lining
up in front of the store ________.
|
4 被動語態：S + have
been Vpp (+ by O) |
→
被動語態的基本架構為「be動詞
+ Vpp」，在第一冊Unit 4已經介紹過。而在這一課的課文中，使用了現在完成式的被動語態，也就是把被動語態架構裡的be動詞放到現在完成式(have + Vpp)中Vpp的位子。兩者結合後，變成「have + been + Vpp」，用來表達現在完成式裡的被動。
例：Taiwan has been influenced by Japanese culture.
臺灣曾受日本文化影響。
The thief has already been caught
by the police.
小偷已經被警察抓到了。
練習：根據中譯完成句子。(每格不限填一字)
1.
選舉的結果已被報導出來。
The result of the
election ________.
2.
限量版的鞋子已被賣完。
The limited edition
shoes ________ out.
|
5 not
every… |
→
not every用來表示「部分否定」，意思是「並非所有……」。使用部分否定時，表示在後面提到的整個群體內，並不是每個個體都有同樣的特質或想法，而是有些有、有些沒有。另外要特別注意的是，由於every的意思是「每一」，所以後面必須接單數的可數名詞。
例：Not
everyone
thinks the story is true.
並非每個人都認為這故事是真的。
Not
every
house is expensive.
並非每間房子都很貴。
練習：根據中譯完成句子。(每格不限填一字)
1.
並非每個學生都喜歡數學。
________ math.
2.
並非每件襯衫都是白色的。
________ white.
TRY IT!
一、選出正確的答案。
( ) 1. Emily wants to know the reason ________ Japanese
food is so popular these days.
(A) when (B) where
(C) why (D) which
( ) 2. The chef came up with some new dishes ________
more customers.
(A) attract (B) to attract (C) attracting (D) to attracting
( ) 3. Not every store ________ this kind of
mask.
(A) sell (B) selling (C) sells
(D) to sell
( ) 4. Last Saturday was the day ________ the
party was held.
(A) which (B) where
(C) why (D) when
( ) 5. The kids have ________ to a safe place.
(A) taken (B) being taken (C) took
(D) been taken
( ) 6. It was nice ________ Alvin to make this
fried rice for us.
(A) at (B) of
(C) with (D) on
( ) 7. Taiwanese people use “buhaoyisi” ________
trouble.
(A) to avoid (B) avoid
(C) to avoiding (D) avoiding
( ) 8. It is crazy ________ Iris to drive so
fast.
(A) of (B) at
(C) on (D) with
( ) 9. The idea has ________ by the manager in
the meeting.
(A) being accepted (B) accepted
(C) been accepted (D) accepting
( ) 10. Not every boy ________ basketball.
(A) likes (B) liking (C) like
(D) to like
二、根據提示完成句子。
1.
to save people. / the building / The firefighters / ran into (重組句子)
___________________________________________________________________
2. to make
/ action / The president / great again. / the country / has taken (重組句子)
___________________________________________________________________
3.
The army has occupied this island. (改寫為被動語態)
___________________________________________________________________
4.
Lily has broken the vase. (改寫為被動語態)
___________________________________________________________________
5.
Mark借我他的相機真是好心。(中翻英)
___________________________________________________________________
6.
Frank從圖書館偷了一本書真是愚蠢。(中翻英)
___________________________________________________________________
7.
Tina向老師告知Doris今天沒有來學校的原因。(中翻英)
___________________________________________________________________
8.
Collins先生想知道火車將離開的時刻。(中翻英)
___________________________________________________________________
9.
不是每個愛情故事都會有好結局。(中翻英)
___________________________________________________________________
10.
不是每位學生都搭公車上學。(中翻英)
___________________________________________________________________
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