B5U7 Vocabulary & Phrases

 

VOCABULARY

I. Words for Production

1. contest [`kAntEst] n. [C] a competition in which people try to win　比賽，競賽

► William won the dance contest and was awarded NT$50,000.

威廉贏得舞蹈比賽並獲頒新台幣五萬元獎金。

2. gather [`G8D2] vi.; vt. to come together in a group or bring people together in one place to do something　聚集

► My family gathered around the TV to watch the baseball game.

我的家人聚集在電視旁觀看棒球比賽。

3. intelligent [In`tEl1dZ1nt] adj. showing the ability of being good at learning, thinking, and understanding something difficult　
聰明的，有才智的　SYN smart, clever　ANT unintelligent

► The intelligent girl started going to college at the age of fifteen.

那個聰明的女孩15歲就上大學了。

intelligence [In`tEl1dZ1ns] n. [U] 智力

► Although the boy is not a person of high intelligence, he works very hard.

雖然那個男孩智力不高，但是他很努力。

4. propose [pr1`poz] vt. (formal) to suggest a plan or an idea for others to think about　提議，建議　SYN suggest

► Since Mr. Smith would be busy today, he proposed that we meet tomorrow morning.

由於史密斯先生今天會很忙，所以他提議我們明早再見面。

proposal [pr1`pozL] n. [C] 提議，建議

► My boss turned down my proposal to replace the old machines.

老闆否決了我提出要更換舊機器的提議。

5. luxury [`l^kS1rI] n. [C][U] something expensive that a person enjoys but does not really need, or the enjoyment one gets out of that thing　奢侈 (品)，奢華

► A sports car is a luxury that I am not able to afford right now.

跑車是個奢侈品，我現在還負擔不起。

► After winning a considerable amount of money, Diana started to live a life of luxury.

贏得了大筆金錢後，黛安娜開始過著奢華的生活。

6. contrast [`kAntr8st] n. [U][C] a clear difference between people or things　對比，差異

► Carl’s rude behavior is in sharp contrast to his sister’s politeness.

卡爾粗魯的行為和他姊姊的彬彬有禮形成強烈的對比。

contrast [k1n`tr8st] vi. 形成對比

► Gina’s pale skin contrasts sharply with her dark hair.

吉娜蒼白的膚色和她的黑髮形成強烈的對比。

7. reputation [&rEpj1`teS1n] n. [C][U] the general opinion that people have about someone or something　名聲，名譽

► This hotel has earned a reputation as the best hotel in the city.

這間飯店博得了這座城市中最佳飯店的名聲。

8. bet [bEt] (bet—bet—bet) vi.; vt. to risk money or something else on a race, game, or an event by trying to predict its result　(以錢、物等) 打賭

► Soccer fever has spread over the country, and many people are betting on the result of the big match.

足球熱遍佈全國，許多人都在打賭那場大型比賽的結果。

9. assume [1`sum]  vt. to think that something is true without having proof of it　認為，假設

► Since the exchange student speaks English, I assume that she is from the United States.

因為那個交換學生說英文，所以我認為她來自美國。

assumption [1`s^mpS1n] n. [C] 假設

► Before the students met their new teacher, they had made some assumptions about him, such as his age or interests.

那群學生見到新老師之前，對他做了許多假設，例如他的年齡或興趣。

10. motivate [`mot1&vet] vt. to make someone willing to do something and feel enthusiastic about it　激勵，激發

► Nicole’s parents have been trying different ways to motivate her to learn.

妮可的父母嘗試各種方法激勵她學習。

motivation [&mot1`veS1n] n. [U][C] 動力，積極性

► The student lacks motivation and seldom involves himself in school activities.

那位學生缺乏動力並且甚少參與學校活動。

11. announce [1`na5ns] vt. to tell people something, such as a plan or a decision, in an official way　宣布，宣告

► The famous filmmaker suddenly announced his retirement on TV.

那位知名導演突然在電視上宣布退休。

announcement [1`na5nsm1nt] n. [C] 公告

► The government just made an official announcement about the tax increases this morning.

政府剛於今早發出有關增稅的正式公告。

12. congratulate [k1n`Gr8tS1&let] vt. to tell someone that you are pleased about his or her success or happiness　恭喜，祝賀

► Dr. Wu’s friends congratulated her for winning the Nobel Prize.

吳博士的朋友恭喜她獲得諾貝爾獎。

13. wisdom [`wIzd1m] n. [U] the ability to make sensible decisions based on experience and knowledge　智慧，明智

► The leader was praised for her wisdom and kindness.

那名領袖因她的智慧與親切而受到讚揚。

14. sigh [saI] vt.; vi. to breathe out making a long sound, or to say something with this sound, usually because of disappointment, sadness, or tiredness　嘆氣 (說)，嘆息

► “We lost the basketball game by one point,” the boy sighed.

「我們以一分之差輸了籃球比賽。」男孩嘆氣地說。

15. envy [`EnvI] (envy—envied—envied) vt. to wish that you had the same qualities or possessions as someone else　羨慕，嫉妒

► Seeing Joseph’s beautiful bride, his friends began to envy him for his good fortune.

看到喬瑟夫的美麗新娘，他的朋友們開始羨慕他的好運。

16. investment [In`vEstm1nt] n. [C][U] the act of putting money or effort into something to make a profit or achieve a result　投資

► This country has made a large investment in space travel.

這個國家在太空旅行上做了大量投資。

invest [In`vEst] vt.; vi. 投資

► Don’t invest all your money in one place. It is too risky.

不要將你的錢投資在同一個地方。這太冒險了。

17. gifted [`GIftId] adj. having an impressive natural ability　有天賦的　SYN talented

► Maggie is a gifted cook. She is naturally good at using different ingredients to make delicious dishes.

瑪姬是個很有天賦的廚師。她天生善於運用各種食材烹煮出美味的佳餚。

gift [GIft] n. [C] 天賦，才能　SYN talent

► Albert has a gift for languages. Learning a foreign language is always easy for him.

艾伯特很有語言天賦。學習外語對他來說總是很簡單。

18. outstanding [`a5t`st8ndI9] adj. extremely good　傑出的，出色的　SYN excellent

► The outstanding actress won several awards during her acting career.

那名傑出的女演員在她的演戲生涯中贏得許多獎項。

19. loan [lon] vt. to lend something to someone, especially money　借出　SYN lend

► It was kind of Roger to loan me some money so that I could pay my phone bill.

羅傑好心地借我一些錢，好讓我支付電話費。

loan [lon] n. [C] 貸款，借款

► Most people need to take out a loan from a bank to buy a house.

大多數人需要向銀行貸款去買房子。

20. fulfill [f5l`fIl] vt. to do or achieve something that was hoped for　實現，達到

► This trip to Paris fulfilled Howard’s lifelong dream of seeing the Eiffel Tower in person.

這趟巴黎之旅圓了霍華想親眼看見艾菲爾鐵塔的畢生夢想。

 

II. Words for Recognition

1. teenage [`tin&edZ] adj. 十幾歲的，青少年的

2. accessory [8k`sEs1rI] n. [C] (usu. pl.) 飾品

3. gadget [`G8dZIt] n. [C] (小巧的) 裝置，器具

4. accumulate [1`kjumj1&let] vt. 累積

5. violinist [&vaI1`lInIst]n. [C] 小提琴手

 

IDIOMS AND PHRASES

1. make use of　to use something available for a particular purpose or to achieve a certain result　利用，使用

► Since Holly always makes good use of her time, she is able to get everything done on time.

因為荷莉總是妥善利用她的時間，所以她能準時做完所有事情。

2. needless to say　used for saying that something is obvious or already known　不用說，不必說

► Sam totally forgot about the meeting. Needless to say, he didn’t show up for it.

山姆完全忘記要開會。不用說，他沒有出席那場會議。

3. run out　to have no more of something　用完，耗盡

► The traveler had no choice but to return home when his money ran out.

當那名旅人的錢用完時，他別無選擇只好返家。

 

Word Smart

字尾 “-ist” 加於某些名詞後可構成新的名詞，表示「從事……者，使用……的人」之意。 art → artist　藝術家                                novel → novelist　小說家 guitar → guitarist　吉他手                    tour → tourist　遊客 journal → journalist　新聞記者           violin → violinist　小提琴手

 

B4U2 GRAMMAR

 

Grammar

1        insist S +  suggest + that + S (+ should) + V…. demand

→ 1. 此類表示堅持、建議、命令等意思的動詞，後面所接的that子句當中，助動詞should常被省略不用，故that子句中的動詞常以原形動詞出現。

2. 此句型中常見的動詞有表示「堅持」的insist、maintain，表示「建議」的recommend、suggest、advise，表示「要求」的demand、require、request、ask等。

3. that子句若需要表達否定意義，則須把not加在原形動詞之前。

例：Diane insists that she bring her own bag whenever shopping at the supermarket.

每次去超市購物時，Diane堅持攜帶自己的購物袋。

Ruth suggests that her sister reduce unnecessary purchase to save money.

Ruth建議她的妹妹減少不必要的購買以節省金錢。

The government demands that restaurants stop providing plastic straws.

政府命令餐廳停止提供塑膠吸管。

練習：根據句型合併句子。

1.  My mother insisted.

I go shopping with her.

__My mother insisted that I (should) go shopping with her.__

2.  Ms. Yang suggested something.

Vera should write about her trip to Kenting.

__Ms. Yang suggested that Vera (should) write about her trip to Kenting.__

3.  The customer demanded something.

He wants to get the money back.

__The customer demanded that he (should) get the money back.__

 

2  S + V… +  in order to + V….              so as to

→ 此用法表示「為了……」，後面須接「目的」的原形動詞，用來強調主詞所做的動作是為了達到某個目的或是某種結果。in order to亦可與so as to替換使用，但so as to通常不放在句首。此句型在表達否定時，要將not寫在to的前面，例如in order not to、so as not to。

例：Renee is seeking other sources of protein in order to stay fit.

→ Renee is seeking other sources of protein so as to stay fit.

→ In order to stay fit, Renee is seeking other sources of protein.

為了保持健康，Renee正在尋找其他來源的蛋白質。

Alice always brings her water bottle to school in order not to use paper cups.

→ Alice always brings her water bottle to school so as not to use paper cups.

為了不要使用紙杯，Alice總是帶著她的水瓶到學校。

練習：根據中譯完成句子。(每格不限填一字)

1. 為了減少垃圾，Ben避免太頻繁地更換手機。

Ben avoids changing his mobile phone too frequently __in order to / so as to__ reduce waste.

2. 為了維持理想的體重，Tina仔細記錄她的飲食。

__In order to__ maintain an ideal weight, Tina keeps track of her diet carefully.

 

3  depend on + N / V-ing

→ 1. 此用法表示「依靠……來……」，此動詞片語後面通常接名詞 (N) 、動名詞 (V-ing) 或是以疑問詞引導的名詞子句作為受詞。depend常與介系詞on搭配使用，或是替換成upon。depend on的說法較為常見，而depend upon的說法較為正式。

2. 意義相近的片語還有rely on、count on。

例：Sally knew she could depend on her brother to solve the problem.

Sally知道她可以依靠她的哥哥來解決這個問題。

Edith no longer depends on overeating to relieve stress.

Edith不再依賴過量飲食來抒解壓力。

練習：根據中譯完成句子。(每格不限填一字)

1. 有些國家依靠燃燒煤炭來產生電力。

Some countries __depend on__ burning coal for electricity.
2. Grace在就讀大學時，依靠父母獲得財務上的支持。

Grace __depended on__ her parents for financial support when she went to college.

 

4  like + N

→ 1. like當作介系詞使用時表示「像是……」，後面須接名詞 (N) 或者代名詞。

2. 常見用來修飾like的副詞有very、quite。

3. like + N能夠以逗點隔開作為插入句，補充說明前面的對象。

例：Are you interested in launching a special challenge like one of these?

你有興趣發起像這些任一項特別的挑戰嗎？

Kelly prefers vegetable fats and oils, like olive oil and grape seed oil.

Kelly偏好植物性油脂，像是橄欖油和葡萄籽油。

練習：根據中譯完成句子。(每格不限填一字)

1. Felix正在嘗試除去塑膠產品，像是塑膠杯子。

Felix is trying to get rid of plastic products __like plastic cups__.

2. Susan和她的朋友一樣，喜歡喝珍珠奶茶。

Susan, __like her friends__, loves to drink bubble tea.

 

5  something / anything / nothing + Adj

→ 修飾名詞時，通常會把形容詞加在欲修飾的名詞前方。但欲修飾一些特殊結構的名詞，如something、anything、nothing等時，須將形容詞置於這些名詞的後方，這種用法稱為後位修飾。

例：Melisa plans to do something different in this summer vacation.

Melisa計畫在這次的暑假做些不同的事情。

There is nothing wrong with my body according to the health report.

根據健康報告，我的身體沒有任何問題。

練習：根據句型重組句子。

1. in / anything / the department store? / Have you found / special

__Have you found anything special in the department store?__

2. blue / has to wear / at her wedding / A bride / for good luck. / something

__A bride has to wear something blue at her wedding for good luck.__

 

Try It!

一、選出正確的答案。

(  B  ) 1. My sister demanded that she ________ the cheesecake at once.

(A) has    (B) have    (C) had    (D) to have

(  D  ) 2. Rosa, ________ her sister, prefers buying eco-friendly products.

(A) likes     (B) to like     (C) liking    (D) like

(  C  ) 3. Laura did not find ________ in the online video, so she quickly switched to another one.

(A) new anything (B) new nothing (C) anything new (D) nothing new

(  D  ) 4. The scientist suggests that children ________ raised in a supportive environment.

(A) are    (B) is    (C) Í    (D) be

(  C  ) 5. Leslie found something ________ in the soap opera, so he could not stop laughing.

(A) amused     (B) to amuse     (C) amusing    (D) amusingly

(  A  ) 6. Ryan always keeps track of his purchases ________ money

(A) to save    (B) save    (C) to saving    (D) saving

(  B  ) 7. Ken would like to try a challenge like ________ drinking beverages for a month.

(A) stop     (B) stopping     (C) to stop     (D) stopped

(  D  ) 8. Charlie does not depend on ________ things to make himself happy anymore.

(A) buy    (B) to buy    (C) buys    (D) buying

(  A  ) 9. ________ for the live performance, Emerson practiced day and night.

(A) To prepare  (B) Prepare  (C) Prepared  (D) Being prepared

(  C  ) 10. The people of this city depend heavily on ________ for their income.

(A) to fish    (B) fish    (C) fishing    (D) being fished

二、根據提示完成句子。

1. to share with / Lawrence found / exciting / his best friend. / something (重組句子)

__Lawrence found something exciting to share with his best friend.__

2. something / asked us to introduce / in the night market. / to eat / Ms. Chen / new (重組句子)

__Ms. Chen asked us to introduce something new to eat in the night market.__

3. at Sun Moon Lake. / she get up early / Mavis insisted / to see the sunrise / that (重組句子)

__Mavis insisted that she get up early to see the sunrise at Sun Moon Lake.__

4. make a charge for / The government / supermarkets / plastic bags. / demands that (重組句子)

__The government demands that supermarkets make a charge for plastic bags.__

5. Ashley靠運動來應付壓力。(中翻英)

__Ashley depends on exercising to deal with stress.__

6. Emma靠這個網站來獲得每日新聞。(中翻英)

__Emma depends on this website for daily news.__

7. 為了不要錯過班機，June提早兩個小時到達機場。(中翻英)

__In order not to miss the flight, June got to the airport two hours earlier.__

8. 為了不要吵醒寶寶，John移到另一個房間去工作。(中翻英)

__In order not to wake up the baby, John moved to another room to work.__

9. Jasmine將生活補給品，像是食物和衣服，送給那些有需要的人。(中翻英)

__Jasmine sent daily supplies, like food and clothes, to those in need.__

10. Emily避免使用塑膠產品，像是塑膠袋和塑膠杯。(中翻英)

__Emily avoids using plastic products, like plastic bags and plastic cups.__