2001年2月26日 星期一

片語句型翻譯作文勝經1-6

 1.  be able to V                                      能夠(替代can)

     = be capable of V-ing

 

   1.   In that case, economic growth will not be able to achieve.

             中譯:這樣的話, 經濟成長就沒辦法達成了。

2.      Being unable to pay back the money, he was arrested by the police.

中譯:因為他無力還債, 所以被警方逮捕。

3.      You will be able to improve your English in this way.

中譯:依照這種方式你就能讓英文進步。

 

  A.  表示能力時可考慮用can, be able to均可。

B.  請注意中文意思為使某人能夠絕不能用到can!!!!!

     應使用句型10之表達方式。

 

   (X) This story makes us can learn a lesson. 

(O)  This story makes us able to learn a lesson.

(X) This lesson makes us learn a lesson.      

 

自我挑戰篇

 

1.      沒有人能夠在九秒內跑完一百公尺

 

______________________________________________________

2.      當我們有困難時, 朋友能夠幫助我們。

 

      ______________________________________________________

3.      由於他不斷的努力, 他終於成為今日的他。

 

      ______________________________________________________

2.  be willing/unwilling to V           人願意/不願去......

     be reluctant to V

     would like to V

     would prefer to V rather than   寧可...也不願...

     

   1.   He seemed quite unwilling to run errands for his teacher,

but he failed to make up a good excuse to turn down his command.     

中譯:他似乎很不想幫老師跑腿, 但他編不出好理由來拒絕。

      2.   It doesn‘t matter whether you are willing to help or not.

It’s all up to you.

中譯:你願不願意幫忙都沒關係。你自己決定。

      3.   I would prefer to die rather than betray my country.

             中譯:我寧死也不願意背叛國家。

      4.   The boy was reluctant to get back to his homework, but

his mother asked him to.

中譯:這個小男生不願意回去做作業, 但他老媽逼他要做。

 

自我挑戰篇

 

1.   我寧可餓死也不願向他借錢。

______________________________________________________

 

2.   真正愛國的人願意為國家犧牲性命。

______________________________________________________

 

3.   我願意嫁給任何能幫我老爸還債的人。

______________________________________________________

 

3.  be supposed to V                                         應該要......

     = be expected to V

= should 

 

   1.   No one is supposed to survive the air crash.

             中譯:這件空難意外應該沒有人能夠生還。

      2.   A good student is expected to study hard and get good

grades.

中譯:一個好學生應該要努力讀書爭取好成績。

      3.   Everyone of the staff is supposed to keep secret on

business.  

             中譯:每一名員工都應該要保守業務機密。

 

自我挑戰篇

1.   我們應該要在五點鐘之前做完所有的工作。

______________________________________________________

2.   小孩子不應該吃太多垃圾食物。

      ______________________________________________________

      3.   考試不應該有人作弊。

      ______________________________________________________

 

4.  be bound to V                               不得不; 一定要....

     = be obliged to V              

     = be forced to V                       被迫......

     = must

   1.   I‘m not bound to please you with my answer.

             中譯:我並沒有義務要回答到你滿意為止。

      2.   Soldiers are bound to obey the orders from supervisors.

             中譯:軍人有服從上級命令之義務。

      3.   The company was forced to quit the business in America.

             中譯:這家公司被迫放棄美洲市場。

 

註:must不常用於中文一定會之情況, 而較常用於一定要

 

   I‘m not bound to please you with my answer.

             中譯:我並沒有義務要回答到你滿意為止。

      I mustn’t please you with my answer.

             中譯:我一定不可以回答到你滿意為止。

 

自我挑戰篇

 

1.   地震後再下大雨, 一定會發生土石流。

 

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2.  除非是在被強迫的情況下, 否則我不會這麼做。

____________________________________________________

5.  cannot help + Ving                             忍不住;不得不

= cannot but + V原形        

= cannot help but + V原形

= have no choice but + to V              

 

   1.   We cannot but marvel at the magnificent sights.

             中譯:我們不得不對壯觀的景色讚嘆不已。

2.   She couldn’t help weeping at the thought of her missing child.

             中譯:一想到失蹤的孩子, 她忍不住哭了起來。

      3.   We had no choice but to pay the taxi fare. 

             中譯:我們別無選擇, 只好照付計程車錢。

自我挑戰篇

 

1.    我們不得不把門關上以免蚊子飛進來。

 

______________________________________________________

 

2.   她聽到這個笑話忍不住大笑起來。

 

      ______________________________________________________

     

3.   他不得不賣掉愛車來換取現金。

 

      ______________________________________________________

 

6.  be aware of N/Ving                                  知道.....

     = be aware that 子句

 

   1.   Being unaware of the approaching danger, the girl was

still wandering in the woods with pleasure.

中譯:這個女孩未察覺即將面臨的危險, 還在樹林裡悠遊。

      2.   I was aware of what he was aiming at.           

中譯:他的意圖我很清楚。

      3.   They will set you up before you are aware that they are

liars.

             中譯:你還未發覺他們是騙子之前他們就會陷害你了。

 

自我挑戰篇

 

      1.   直到人家告訴他, 他才知道這起意外.

             ______________________________________________________

     

2. 在不了解規則的情況之下, 他輸掉了這場比賽.

 

______________________________________________________

     

      3.   在你決定要投資之前, 你知道這一行的風險嗎?     

 

      ______________________________________________________

 





解答篇

1-1. No one is able to finish 100 meters within 9 seconds.

1-2. When we are in trouble, friends are able to help us.

1-3. Owing to his constant effort, he finally becomes what he is today.

2-1. I would rather be starved than borrow money from him.

2-2. A real patriot is willing to sacrifice his life for his country.

2-3. I would rather marry anyone willing to pay the debts for my dad.

3-1. We are supposed to finish all the tasks before 5:00.

3-2. Children are not supposed to eat too much junk food.

3-3. No one is supposed to cheat in exams.

4-1. With the heavy rain after the earthquake, mudslides are bound to happen.

4-2. I wouldn’t do so unless I was forced to.

5-1. We couldn’t but shut the door lest mosquitoes should enter.

5-2. She couldn’t help bursting into laughter at this joke.

5-3. He couldn’t but traded his car for some cash.

6-1. He wasn’t aware of that accident until he was told.

6-2. Being unaware of the rules, he lost the game.

6-3. Are you aware of the risks in this business before you invest your money in it?








英文作文講義4-1~4-3

 Unit 4-1

上大學以後我最想做的事

Part1 句型練習

If + S. +…, S. ++ V…

如果

(與現在事實相反的假設語氣)

例:If I were a millionaire, I would share my money with the poor.

 

 

1.如果現在雨停了,我們就可以去打籃球了。

____________________________________________________________________

2.如果我有足夠的錢,我就可以去環遊世界了。

環遊世界:travel around the world

____________________________________________________________________

 

 

 

intend

打算;想要做

例:I intend to return him the money.

 

 

3.我打算立刻開始。

____________________________________________________________________

4.關於這個問題,你打算怎麼做?

____________________________________________________________________

 

 

 

With the N. of…, S. + V…

因為

隨著

例:With the improvement of technology, people live a more comfortable life.

 

 

5.因為有你的幫忙,我們才能及時完成這個工作。

____________________________________________________________________

6.隨著考試的到來,學生們更加用功了。

____________________________________________________________________

 

 

 

do / good

do harm to /→be harmful to…

有益

有害

例:Staying up late does harm to our health.

 

 

7.空氣污染有害於我們的健康。  污染:pollution

____________________________________________________________________

8.適當的運動對我們有很大的益處。  適當的運動:proper exercise

____________________________________________________________________

 

 

 

  make every effort to V.

S. + do one’s best/utmost to V.

   V…with all one’s might

盡最大的努力

例:He makes every effort to pass the examination.

 

 

9.我會盡最大的努力來幫助那些需要幫助的人。

需要幫助的人:those who are in need

____________________________________________________________________

10.我會盡最大努力說服他和我們一起去旅行。

說服persuade…to V

____________________________________________________________________
Part2 連貫式翻譯

1.假如我現在是一個大學生的話,我想要實現兩個夢想。College  dream

假如:If I were…, I would…  實現:realize; carry out

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

 

2.第一,我打算參加電腦社,學習操作電腦和上網。

打算:intend to V.  操作:operate the computers

上網:surf the internet

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

 

3.藉著電腦的幫助,我就能夠改善工作效率。

藉著的幫助:with the help of…  改善工作效率:improve the work efficiency

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

 

4.第二,我要多花些時間做運動,因為運動對我的身體有很大的助益。

花時間做spend + O. + Ving  做運動:take exercise

有助益:do good

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

 

5.總之,我會盡最大的努力來達成目標。

總之:In a word  盡最大努力:make every effort to V

達成目標:achieve one’s goal

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

 


Part3 寫作範例

The Thing I Like to Do Most After I Enter a College

        The thing I like to do most after I enter a college is to travel to America.  I have been longing to go to America for a trip. However, it seemed that I had never had much time and money to do so during my high school days.  If I were lucky enough to become a college student, I would spend the whole summer vacation in AmericaLos Angeles would be the first place that I want to visit.  I like to go to Disneyland and Universal Studio, where I believe I will have a lot of fun.  San Francisco is another city where I will never miss.  The beautiful Golden Gate Bridge appeals to me.  Besides, I will visit Yosemite National Park, which is famous for its spectacular scenes and various kinds of wildlife.

      To make my dream come true, I should practice speaking English as best as I can, so that I can communicate with Americans without any difficulty.  In addition, I have to find a part-time job to earn a little money.  To sum up, visiting America is the thing I like to do most after I go to college.  However, what I have to do now is study hard and enter a good college.  In this way, I can carry out my dream in the near future.

 

 

 

 


中譯

上大學以後我最想做的事

上大學以後我最想做的事就是去美國旅遊。我一直渴望去美國旅行。然而,我在高中時代,似乎沒有錢也沒有許多時間這麼做。如果我很幸運能夠成為大學生,我要在美國待上一整個暑假。洛杉磯將是我想去的第一個城市,我想去狄士尼樂園和環球製片場,我會在那裡玩得很開心。舊金山也是我不願錯過的一個城市,美麗的金門大橋吸引著我。此外,我也要去優勝美地國家公園參觀,那裡以壯觀的景色及各種野生動物而聞名。

為了使夢想成真,我要盡可能練習說好英文,如此才能毫無困難地與美國人溝通。此外,我必須找一個兼差的工作來賺一些錢。總之,去美國玩是我考上大學以後最想做的一件事。然後,現在我必須要努力用功並且考上一所好大學,這樣,才可能在不久的將來實現自己的夢想。

 

解析

本篇文章分成兩段。第一段以主題句“The thing I like to do most after I enter a college is to travel to America,”來表達自己上大學後最想做的事,接著敘述要如何去實現這個夢想。第二段一開始的主題句“To make my dream come true, I should practice speaking English as best as I can…”敘述自己為了實現理想,必須採行的步驟。總結是目前要努力先考上一所好大學,再按部就班使美夢成真。整篇文章敘事清晰,並以實際可行的做法來加以說明。內容完整詳實,也兼顧了一致性與連貫性,是很典型的記敘文寫作範文。

 


單元解答

 

Part 1

1.If it stopped raining now, we could play basketball.

2.If I had enough money, I would travel around the world.

3.I intend to start at once.

4.What do you intend to do/doing about this problem?

5.With your help, we could finish the job in time.

6.With the coming/approaching of the examination, students study harder.

7.Air pollution does harm to our health.

8.Proper exercise does us good.

9.I will make every effort to help those who are in need.

10.I will try/do my best to persuade him to take a trip with us.

 

Part 2

1.If I were a college student now, I would carry out my two dreams.

2.First, I intend to join the computer club, and learn to operate the computer and surf the Internet.

3.With the help of computers, I would be able to improve the work efficiency.

4.Second, I would spend more time taking exercise because exercise would do me good.

5.In a word, I would make every effort to achieve my goal.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


Unit 4-2

我最喜歡的科目

Part1 句型練習

Since ++ V.過去式…, ++…

S. +…since + 過去時間

自從

例:I have not heard from him since he went abroad.

 

 

1.從六點她就一直在這裡。

____________________________________________________________________

2.他去夏威夷已經有兩年了。  夏威夷:Hawaii

____________________________________________________________________

 

 

 

encourage + O. + to V.

discourage + O. + from Ving

鼓勵

阻止,勸阻

例:My teacher encouraged me to study hard.

Failure discouraged him from trying again.

 

 

3.妻子鼓勵我戒菸。

____________________________________________________________________

4.那位母親鼓勵孩子要守規矩。  守規矩:behave oneself

____________________________________________________________________

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

instead of N./Ving

…instead

反而

例:Meg didn’t go to the movies; she went shopping instead.

 

 

5比爾昨天沒做功課,反而和湯姆去參加派對。

____________________________________________________________________

6.我們不要出門就待在家裡吧!

____________________________________________________________________

 

 

 

 + Ving

做某事

例:Who does the washing at your home?

 

 

7.媽媽每天早上慢跑。

____________________________________________________________________

8.那個男孩上課時話太多了。

____________________________________________________________________

 

 

 

take delight in N./Ving

be delighted to V.

be delighted with/at/by N.

樂於;喜歡

很高興

例:We were delighted at the sight of London lying far below us.

Jenny is delighted with the doll.

 

 

9.祖父非常喜歡講故事給我們聽。

____________________________________________________________________

10我很高興聽到你成功的消息。

____________________________________________________________________

 


Part2 連貫式翻譯

1.自從國中起,英語會話課就一直是我最喜愛的科目。

自從:Since…, S. + have been…  英語會話課:English conversation class

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

 

2.每次上課時,老師總是先說一個故事,然後鼓勵我們以英文來回答。

鼓勵:encourage + O. + to V.

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

 

3.即使我們回答錯誤,她也不會責備我們,反而要我們再試一次。

即使:even if  責備:blame + O.  反而:instead

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

 

4.然後,她讓我們聽錄音帶,並做角色扮演。

做角色扮演:do the role-playing

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

 

5.她的教學既實用又有趣,那就是為什麼我喜歡上英語會話課的原因。

教學:teaching  實用:practical  喜歡:take delight in

____________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________

 


Part3 寫作範例

My Favorite Subject

        Of all the school subjects, I like English best.  It is not only because English is an interesting subject but because we can learn a foreign language.  As everyone knows, English has become a universal language.  It is widely spoken in the world.  If we can speak English fluently, we will be able to communicate with foreigners without difficulty.  In addition, English provides access to world scholarship and trade.  Most of the latest information is written in English.  People who deal with foreigners in business also speak English.  I think English will be a great help in my advanced studies and future career.

      On the other hand, English is a required course in senior high school education in Taiwan.  We have to attend English classes for eight hours a week.  My English teacher is very concerned about us and has enthusiasm for teaching English.  She always encourages us to study hard and makes every effort to arouse our interest in learning English.  In a word, English is my favorite subject.  I will take advantage of every chance to sharpen my skills in speaking, listening and writing English.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 


 


中譯

我最喜歡的科目

  在所有的學科中,我最喜歡英文,不只是因為英文是一門有趣的學科,也因為我們可以學會一種外語。正如同每個人都知道的,英文已經成為一種世界語言。在世界上許多人都使用英語。我們如果可以說流利的英文,就能夠與外國人溝通,毫無困難。此外,英文也提供了一條途徑去接觸國際學術及貿易。大部份的最新資訊都是以英文寫成,和外國人做生意也需要說英文,我認為英文在我未來的深造及職業上,都將有極大助益。

  從另一方面而言,英文課在台灣的高中教育上是一門必修課,我們一週上八小時英文課,而我的英老師也非常關心我們,她更熱衷於教學。她總是鼓勵我們努力用功,也盡力引起我們學英文的興趣。總之,英文是我最喜歡的科目,我要善用每個機會去磨練我在英文聽、說、讀、寫四方面的能力。

 

解析

  本篇文章分成兩段,第一段寫主題句,“Of all the school subject, I like English best.”接著寫出原因,為何(Why)作者喜歡英文。第二段,以一個轉接詞On the other hand,來敘述上英文課的方式、時間及老師的鼓勵。最後以自我期許來做評論,語氣連貫,前後呼應,並將記敘文的各種寫作技巧,加以混合運用,是一篇成功的範文。


單元解答

 

Part 1

1.She has been here since six o’clock.

2.Two years have passed since he left for Hawaii.

3.My wife encouraged me to quit smoking.

4.That mother encouraged her child to behave himself.

5.Bill went to the party with Tom yesterday instead of doing his homework.

6.Let’s stay home instead of going out.

7.My mother does the jogging every morning.

8.That boy does too much talking in class.

9.Grandfather took delight in telling us stories.

10.I am delighted to hear of your success.

 

Part 2

1.Since I was a junior high school student, English conversation class has been my favorite subject.

2.When our English teacher gives a conversation class, she always tells a story first, and then encourages us to answer in English.

3.Even if we give the wrong answers, she will ask us to try it again instead of blaming us.

4.Then, she lets us listen to the tapes and do the role-playing.

5.Her teaching is both practical and interesting.  That is the reason why I take delight in attending English conversation class.

 

 


Unit 4-3

我最驕傲的一件事

Part1 句型練習

take part in

participate in

參加;參與

例:A large number of people took part in the concert.

 

 

1.我一旦加入比賽,就會全力以赴。

____________________________________________________________________

2.我以前在學校曾參加過各項運動。

____________________________________________________________________

 

 

 

 

S. ++ O. + V./Ving

看見、聽見、注意到、覺得

例:Did you ever see him cry?

 

 

3.我看見這兩個男孩進入你的房間。

____________________________________________________________________

4.你有沒有聽到有人在叫你?

____________________________________________________________________

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

cannot but V.

cannot help Ving

不得不,只好,忍不住

例:A child cannot help crying when he feels sad.

 

 

5.我不得不欽佩他的才能。

____________________________________________________________________

6.我不得不同意他的意見。

____________________________________________________________________

 

 

 

 

take turns (at) Ving

take one’s turn

It is one’s turn…

 

輪流

 

輪到某人

例:We took turns at driving the car.

 

 

7.輪到你洗碗了。

____________________________________________________________________

8.學生輪流打掃教室。

____________________________________________________________________

 

 

be proud of

take pride in

為榮;感到驕傲

例:We are proud of your achievement.

 

 

9.我們以我們的學校為榮。

____________________________________________________________________

10.他對自己收集的郵票十分自豪。

____________________________________________________________________

 

 

 

Part2 連貫式翻譯

1.上週六下午,我參加教育部舉辦的一項英語演講比賽。

教育部:Ministry of Education  舉辦:hold  演講比賽:a speech contest

____________________________________________________________________

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2.參賽者來自全國各高中。在那個下午,我們到處都可聽見人們說英語。

參賽者:participant  聽見hear + O. + V(ing)

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3.因為這是我第一次參加英語演講比賽,我禁不住非常緊張。

參加:participate in   禁不住:cannot but + V.

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4.幸運地,我已有充分的準備。當輪到我時,我立刻鎮定下來,從容不迫地講完。

幸運地:fortunately  充分的準備:be well-prepared

輪到it be one’s turn  從容不迫做:take one’s time + Ving

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5.令我驚喜的是,我得到第一名。我對此感到非常驕傲。

令人驚喜的是:to one’s surprise  第一名:the first prize

感到驕傲:be proud of

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Part3 寫作範例

The Thing that I am Proud of Most

        I used to be proud of my capability to make a lot of friends.  I always devote the best part of my life to my friends.  I share with them my happiness and sadness, and they do the same for me.  Friendship makes my life colorful and cheerful.

      Last summer I spent one month in California as a visiting student.  I had to study at a school and stay at a host family.  There were seven people in their family, including the parents, four sisters and one little brother.  During the one-month stay, I had to adapt myself to their American lifestyle and help them understand the best part of Chinese culture.  With my great efforts, they all became my best friends or I should say that I had become a member of the family.

      I have proved that friendship can help enhance mutual under-standing among people from different countries.  Furthermore, friendship fills our life with fullness, fineness and completeness.  In a word, being able to win their friendship in a very short time is the thing that I am proud of most in my life.

 


中譯

我最引以為傲的一件事

  我以前經常以有能力結交很多朋友而自豪,我總是把人生中最好的部份奉獻給朋友,我與他們分享自己的快樂與悲傷,他們也是如此,友誼使我的人生多彩多姿,非常愉悅。

  去年夏天,我到加州去遊學一個月,必須在一所學校唸書,並住在寄宿家庭中。他們家有七個人,包括父母、四個妹妹和一個小弟弟。在我停留的一個月當中,我必須適應他們美國人的生活方式,並且幫助他們了解中華文化的精華。經過我的努力,他們都變成了我的好朋友,或者我該說是我已成為他們家的一份子。

  我已經證明友誼可以幫助來自不同國家的人增進相互了解,此外,友誼使我們的人生充實,美好而完整。簡言之,能夠在非常短的時間內贏得他們的友誼,是我一生中最驕傲的一件事。

 

解析

  本篇文章作者以時間順序(Chronological Order)來敘述他最自豪的一件事。其寫作技巧可由文章格式中看出。第一段為主題句(Topic Sentence) I used to be proud of my capability to make a lot of friends.其次提供背景資料(Background Information),說明遊學的時間、地點、方式。並報導在遊學過程中,與寄宿家庭的成員變成朋友的情形。最後一段則是作者的感想以及評論(Explanation or Comment)。本文是相當標準的記敘文體。