IV. Grammar
|
1 間接問句：S + V
+ wh- + S (+ Aux) + V…. |
→
1. 此句型為以疑問詞(wh)引導名詞子句的間接問句用法，其中疑問詞所引導的名詞子句為主要子句的受詞。不同於一般的疑問句形式，間接問句的主詞和動詞不倒裝，直接以直述句的方式呈現，也就是S (+ Aux) + V。
2. 間接問句裡使用的疑問詞視句意不同而改變：why表示「理由」、who表示「人」、what表示「事物」、when表示「時間」、where表示「地點」、how表示「方法」。
3. 在這個句型中，由於間接問句只是整個句子裡的受詞部分，所以句尾的標點符號依然由整個句子決定。若句子為直述句，則以句號結尾；若為疑問句，則以問號結尾。
例：I don’t know who the girl in red is.
我不知道穿著紅色的女孩是誰。
Please tell me where the party will be held.
請告訴我派對將在哪裡舉行。
The doctor teaches people how they can produce
Penicillin.
該名醫生教導民眾如何製造盤尼西林。
練習：根據中譯完成句子。(每格不限填一字)
1.
你可以告訴我現在幾點了嗎？
Can you tell me ________?
2.
Amy知道何時該去診所。
Amy knows ________.
|
2 One….
Another…. The other…. Another….
The other…. |
→
這個句型用來指限定範圍中的三個對象，表示「一個……。另一個……。最後一個……。」。其中的one可改寫為「one + 單數名詞」，而another可改寫為「another + 單數名詞」，the other可改寫為「the other + 單數名詞」。
例：The restaurant offers three ice
cream flavors. One is vanilla. Another is strawberry. The other is chocolate.
→ The restaurant
offers three ice cream flavors. One
flavor is vanilla. Another flavor is strawberry. The other flavor is chocolate.
→ The restaurant
offers three ice cream flavors. One
flavor is vanilla. Another is
strawberry. The other is chocolate.
這家餐廳提供三種口味的冰淇淋。一種是香草。另一種是草莓。最後一種是巧克力。
練習：根據中譯及句型改寫的順序完成句子。(每格不限填一字)
1. Mary
received three birthday gifts. ________ is a necklace. ________ is a smartphone
case. ________ is a mug.
→ Mary received
three birthday gifts. ________ is a necklace. ________ is a smartphone case. ________
is a mug.
→ Mary received
three birthday gifts. ________ is a necklace. ________ is a smartphone case. ________
is a mug.
Mary收到三個生日禮物。一個是項鍊。另一個是智慧型手機殼。最後一個是馬克杯。
2. This
juice is made from three kinds of fruits. ________ is guava. ________ is mango.
________ is orange.
→ This juice is
made from three kinds of fruits. ________ is guava. ________ is mango. ________
is orange.
→ This juice is
made from three kinds of fruits. ________ is guava. ________ is mango. ________
is orange.
這果汁由三種水果做成。一種是芭樂。另一種是芒果。最後一種是柳橙。
|
3 much
+ Adj-er / more Adj |
→
副詞much可以用來修飾比較級，強調程度上「……得多，更加……」。而除了much外，比較級亦可視語意程度不同而用far (遠超過)、even
(甚至更)、rather
(相當)、a
lot (許多)等來修飾。
例：The heavy rain made the rough
mountain paths much more
dangerous.
豪雨讓不平的山路更危險了。
With the new MRT line, traveling
in the city is much more
convenient.
有了新的捷運路線，在城市中旅行更方便了。
練習：根據中譯完成句子。(每格不限填一字)
1.
冬天要早起困難多了。
It is ________ to get
up early in winter.
2.
我哥哥的房間遠比我房間大得多。
My brother’s room is ________
than my room.
|
4 not…but… |
→
這個慣用法用來表示「不是……而是……」的意思。帶有否定掉not後面的內容，強調but後面的內容才是正確、肯定之意。
例：The cake was not eaten by Jacky but
by Becky.
蛋糕不是被Jacky吃掉，而是被Becky吃掉。
Australia’s capital is not Sydney but Canberra.
澳洲的首都不是雪梨，而是坎培拉。
練習：根據中譯完成句子。(每格不限填一字)
1.
Tony不在電視上看戲劇，而在網路上看。
Tony doesn’t watch
dramas on TV ________.
2.
Cindy不搭公車上學，而是走路。
Cindy doesn’t go to
school by bus ________.
|
5 be
willing to V |
→
這個慣用語的意思是「願意、樂意……」，用來表示主詞的正面肯定意願。其中的be會隨主詞及句子的時間變化，而to是不定詞，後方須接原形動詞。
例：Taiwan is always willing to
help other countries.
臺灣總是願意幫助其它國家。
The teacher is willing to share his experience of managing a class.
這位老師願意分享他管理班級的經驗。
練習：根據中譯完成句子。(每格不限填一字)
1.
為了開一家便利商店，你必須找到願意在午夜工作的人。
To open a convenience
store, you have find a person who ________ at midnight.
2.
這位名歌手願意回答記者所有的問題。
The famous singer ________
all the questions from the reporters.
TRY IT!
一、選出正確的答案。
( ) 1. Mr. Lee has three sons. One is a doctor.
Another is a teacher. The ________ is a dancer.
(A) another (B) others (C) anothers (D) other
( ) 2. After checking the website, Mike became aware
of ________ he can use the smartphone.
(A) how (B) where
(C) why (D) who
( ) 3. The player is willing to ________ hard
to win the important game.
(A) practice (B) practices (C) practiced (D) practicing
( ) 4. After going to the gym for three month, Alan
becomes much ________.
(A) strong (B) stronger (C) strongest (D) a strong
( ) 5. The little girl walked back and forth,
and wondered ________ she could find her father.
(A) who (B) where
(C) which (D) what
( ) 6. I didn’t meet Ken in the classroom ________
at the KTV.
(A) so (B) or
(C) and (D) but
( ) 7. The kind man is willing to ________ care
of stray dogs.
(A) taking (B) take
(C) took (D) takes
( ) 8. There are three shirts in the closet. One
is pink. Another is blue. The ________ is white.
(A) another (B) others (C) other
(D) anothers
( ) 9. This novel was not written by a famous
writer ________ by a high school student.
(A) and (B) or
(C) but (D) so
( ) 10. My mother thinks that the flowers in
the market are much ________ than the flowers in the supermarket.
(A) fresher (B) fresh
(C) freshest (D) a fresh
二、根據提示完成句子。
1.
does not / Rita / can / where / know / she / sit. (重組句子)
___________________________________________________________________
2. begin. /
when / People / will / the concert / are asking (重組句子)
___________________________________________________________________
3. 我的外國朋友去過三個臺灣的城市。一個是臺北。另一個是臺中。最後一個是高雄。(中翻英)
___________________________________________________________________
4. 我有同款外套的三種不同顏色。一種是深藍色。另一種是黑色。最後一種是咖啡色。(中翻英)
___________________________________________________________________
5.
Sarah認為居住在城市裡方便多了。(中翻英)
___________________________________________________________________
6.
騎腳踏車比走路快多了。(中翻英)
___________________________________________________________________
7.
Felix想造訪的國家不是中國，而是印度。(中翻英)
___________________________________________________________________
8.
這個禮物不是給Fanny，而是給Stacy的。(中翻英)
___________________________________________________________________
9.
老師願意給學生更多時間完成作業。(中翻英)
___________________________________________________________________
10.
Laura願意和Tracy分享她的午餐。(中翻英)
___________________________________________________________________
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