B5 U1 Do It Yourself

──────────────Do It Yourself────────────── I. Vocabulary 填入最符合句意的單字以完成下列句子。 __________ 1. Eating a balanced diet every day is highly b______l to people’s health. __________ 2. My mother is an e______t at baking cakes. She has even written a cookbook about baking. __________ 3. Nick spent a c______e amount of money buying the expensive sports car. __________ 4. Calvin b______ped his arm on the door and let out a cry of pain. __________ 5. Willy has an American father and a Taiwanese mother. No wonder he can speak English and Chinese e______y well. __________ 6. The waiter’s i______g words made the customer leave the restaurant in anger. __________ 7. The filmmaker gave the cameraman a s______l to start filming. __________ 8. My wife and I have no d______e to go out tonight, so we will just stay home and watch some DVDs. __________ 9. I decided to lend Cathy some money when she told me that she had been having some f______l problems. __________ 10. The movie is far too v______t for children to watch because it contains many fight and death scenes. [Ans.] 1. beneficial 2. expert 3. considerable 4. bumped 5. equally 6. insulting 7. signal 8. desire 9. financial 10. violent II. Multiple Choice 根據句意選出語法最適當的答案。 ( ) 1. Chad thinks his painting is as ______ as the famous artist’s painting. (A) good (B) better (C) best (D) well ( ) 2. There is an attractive lady ______ for you at the entrance. (A) wait (B) waits (C) is waiting (D) who is waiting ( ) 3. The boys sat together, ______ the exciting game on TV. (A) watch (B) to watching (C) watching (D) and watching ( ) 4. ______ is taught by teachers will have a great influence on the students. (A) That (B) What (C) When (D) Which ( ) 5. Steve is so mad ______ Angela that he has not talked to her for several weeks. (A) to (B) of (C) by (D) at [Ans.] 1. A 2. D 3. C 4. B 5. D III. Cloze Test 選出最適當的答案以完成段落。 Many people like to use eye contact to express their feelings or thoughts. In fact, eye contact has different meanings in different countries. For example, Marcus, an American 1 , once got lost during his trip in Japan. 2 he was anxious to find his way home, he asked a local woman there for directions. While he was talking to her, he tried to show his respect for her by 3 directly into her eyes. However, the woman kept avoiding his eyes and soon walked away in anger. He had no idea 4 direct eye contact in Japan is considered rude. On the other hand, if Marcus had made direct eye contact with some Americans or Europeans, they might 5 him nicely and warmly. Therefore, we should be very careful when it comes to using body language in a different culture. ( ) 1. (A) female (B) tourist (C) crew (D) crowd ( ) 2. (A) Since (B) Despite (C) Instead (D) Therefore ( ) 3. (A) look (B) looks (C) looking (D) looked ( ) 4. (A) who (B) what (C) whom (D) that ( ) 5. (A) treat (B) treated (C) had treated (D) have treated [Ans.] 1. B 2. A 3. C 4. D 5. D IV. Guided Translation 根據中文填入最適當的單字以完成下列英文句子。每格限填一字。 1. Fred話不多，但事實上，我班上沒有比他更體貼的學生了。 Fred does not talk much, but in truth, no __________ __________ in my class is __________ thoughtful __________ he is. 2. Miranda非常疲累，所以她一下班就馬上回家了。 Miranda was very tired, so she __________ __________ home right after work. 3. 不用說，我會百分之百支持你。 __________ __________ __________ __________ that I will support you one hundred percent. 4. 是酒後駕駛引起這場不幸的事故。 It was drunk driving that __________ __________ __________ this tragic accident. 5. 這個小偷以為國王會下令處死他，但國王反而饒恕他一命。 The thief thought the king would give the order to execute him, but the king __________ his life __________. [Ans.] 1. other student... as... as 2. made for 3. It goes without saying 4. gave rise to 5. spared...instead

B5 U2 Do It Yourself

──────────────Do It Yourself────────────── I. Vocabulary 填入最符合句意的單字以完成下列句子。 _________ 1. Many people have a ______lied for the job, but only one person will get it. _________ 2. The popularity of plastic surgery has e______ed in recent years. It seems that more and more people now want to change their appearance. _________ 3. The winner of the race will receive a new bicycle as a r______d. _________ 4. It usually takes some time for young children to a______t to a new school. _________ 5. Nick is a t______e child. He often causes problems for other people. _________ 6. Jimmy got a part­time job to e______n some spending money. _________ 7. The language b______r makes it difficult for Elaine and the foreign tourist to understand each other. _________ 8. Ms. Hanks needs an a______t to help her answer the phone in her office. _________ 9. Henry’s explanation is so c______d that no one can fully understand what he is trying to say. _________ 10. My grandmother has trouble walking by herself, so she has to d______d on others to help her get around. [Ans.] 1. applied 2. exploded 3. reward 4. adapt 5. troublesome 6. earn 7. barrier 8. assistant 9. complicated 10. depend II. Cloze Test 選出最適當的答案以完成段落。 People who want to go on a working holiday have to complete some paperwork first. However, 1 all of the paperwork to program agents can save them a lot of time. These agents will take care 2 the paperwork which is needed for people’s jobs, housing, and visas. In addition, 3 these travelers reach their host country, the agents will also help them 4 in. However, despite the help 5 to travelers, the challenges each traveler­worker has to face will vary 6 person 6 person. Besides 7 help from agents, travelers themselves should do some work as well. Generally speaking, it is never a good idea to go to a new country 8 having some basic knowledge about it 9 . Travelers must try to get as much information as possible before going on their trip because this will 10 them to get a clearer idea of what their new life in a foreign country will be like. ( ) 1. (A) leaves (B) left (C) leaving (D) to leaving ( ) 2. (A) by (B) to (C) as (D) of ( ) 3. (A) so (B) even (C) once (D) meanwhile ( ) 4. (A) settle (B) settled (C) settling (D) to settling ( ) 5. (A) be offered (B) offered (C) be offering (D) which offering ( ) 6. (A) too...to (B) so...that (C) as...as (D) from...to ( ) 7. (A) get (B) getting (C) to get (D) gotten ( ) 8. (A) with (B) without (C) in (D) into ( ) 9. (A) in vain (B) on time (C) in advance (D) on the contrary ( ) 10. (A) enable (B) judge (C) employ (D) misunderstand [Ans.] 1. C 2. D 3. C 4. A 5. B 6. D 7. B 8. B 9. C 10. A III. Sentence­Writing 根據提示字完成下列句子。 1. The movie was so scary that __________________________________ (keep/my eyes/close) throughout the movie. 2. Tina went into her room and __________________________________ (find/her cat/lie/on her bed). [Ans.] 1. kept my eyes closed 2. found her cat lying on her bed IV. Guided Translation 根據中文填入最適當的單字以完成下列英文句子。每格限填一字。 1. 這個國家的經濟問題阻礙其發展。 The country’s economic problem is _________ _________ its development. 2. 在決定領養這隻狗之前，我和家人已討論過養寵物的優缺點。 My family and I discussed the p_________ _________ _________ of having a pet before we decided to adopt the dog. 3. 男孩很幸運地沒有受傷，但他當初就不該獨自在樹林裡遊蕩。 It was lucky that the boy didn’t get hurt, but he shouldn’t have been wandering alone in the woods _________ _________ _________ _________. [Ans.] 1. holding back 2. pros and cons 3. in the first place

B1 U7 SP: Practice

UNIT 7 1. S + V +疑問詞(why/who/whom/what/when/where/how) + S (+ Aux) + V.... 說明 ○1此句型為疑問詞引導名詞子句的間接問句用法，疑問詞所引導的名詞子句為主要子句的受詞。不同於一般的疑問句的形式，間接問句的主詞和動詞不用倒裝，以直述句的方式呈現，即S (+ Aux) + V。注意疑問句中的助動詞do/does/did通常不用於名詞子句。 ○2使用的疑問詞視句意不同而改變: why表示「理由」、who和whom表示「人」、what表示「事物」、when表示「時間」、where表示「地點」、how表示「方法」。 ○3在此句型中，句尾的標點符號由主要子句決定。若主要子句為直述句，該句以句點結尾；若主要子句為疑問句，該句則以問號結尾。 例句 1. Do you know why flowers bloom in spring?　(你知道為什麼花開在春天嗎？) 2. Can you tell me where the restroom is?　(你可以告訴我洗手間在哪裡嗎？) 3. I don't know who the girl in red is.　(我不知道穿著紅色的女孩是誰。) 練習 1. 你可以告訴我現在幾點了嗎？ Can you tell me 　 　 　 　 　 　 　 　? 2. 我不知道會議什麼時候開始。 I don't know 　 　 the 　 　 　 . 2. S + Vt + IO + DO → S + Vt + DO + Prep + IO 說明 ○1此句型裡的動詞稱為授與動詞，是及物動詞(Vt)的一種。授與動詞有兩個受詞(O)：一個是授予的事物，為直接受詞(DO)；另一個則是給予的對象，稱作間接受詞(IO)。 ○2授與動詞後方可先加間接受詞，再加上直接受詞。但是，若授與動詞後方欲先加上直接受詞，則須於其後加上介系詞(Prep)，例如to或for等，再加上間接受詞。 ○3常見的授與動詞和其搭配的介系詞如下： (1) bring/give/lend/sell/send/show/teach/tell/... + DO + to + IO (2) bring/buy/get/make... + DO + for + IO ○4如果直接受詞是代名詞，如it或them時，必須以代名詞加上介系詞後，再加間接受詞的方式呈現。 例句 1. Demeter gave Persephone all of her love. → Demeter gave all her love to Persephone.　(狄蜜特給波瑟芬妮她全部的愛。) 2. Fred bought his girlfriend a new purse. → Fred bought a new purse for his girlfriend. (Fred買了新皮包給他的女朋友。) 3. Ginny made her mother a cake on her birthday. (Ginny在她媽媽生日那天做了個蛋糕給她。) 練習 1. 我把我的筆記本借給了Denise。 I 　 　 my notebook 　 　 Denise. 2. Peter從美國寄了張明信片給我。 Peter 　 　 　 　 a 　 　 from the United States. 3. because of 說明 because of 為介系詞片語，表示「因為……」，後面須接名詞或名詞片語。注意單獨because則為從屬連接詞，後面需接副詞子句，不可接名詞。兩者皆可置於句首或句中，置於句首時須加逗點隔開。 例句 1. Trees were fruitful and blooming all the time because of Demeter. (因為狄蜜特，樹木總是結實纍纍、開花不斷。) 2. Because of the delayed train, Sam was late. → Because the train was delayed, Sam was late.　(Sam因為火車誤點而遲到。) 3. Carlos quit smoking because of his daughter.　(Carlos因為他的女兒而戒菸。) 練習 1. 農民們因為今年的豐收感到愉快。 The farmers were delighted 　 　 　 　 the good 　harvest　 this year. 2. Bertha因為感人的電影哭了。 Bertha cried 　 　 　 　 the 　touching　 movie. 4. S1 + V1 + .... 連接副詞(Adv), S2 + V2 .... 說明 ○1連接副詞(conjunctive adverb)為具有連接功能的副詞，主要的目的在於連接兩個獨立子句，讓語意更為順暢。注意連接副詞雖然能連接語意，但不為連接詞，所以使用連接副詞連接兩個獨立子句時，第一個子句要用分號或句號，而不是逗號。 ○2常見的連接副詞: however、nevertheless表示「然而」，thus、therefore表示「因此」，as a result表示「結果」， besides、in addition、moreover示「此外」。 例句 1. Hades instantly fell in love with Persephone. Therefore, he quickly seized her. (黑帝斯馬上就愛上了波瑟芬妮。因此，他立刻抓住她。) 2. The old man is very rich; however, money can't buy happiness. (這位老先生非常的富有。然而，金錢買不到幸福。) 3. Amanda didn't sleep well last night. Thus, she fell asleep in class. (Amanda昨晚沒睡好。因此，她在課堂上睡著了。) 練習 1. 這位有名的演員演出了很多電影。此外，他也寫了一些他自己的歌。 The famous actor has starred in a lot of movies. 　 　 　 　, he has also written some of his own songs. 2. Jimmy整晚熬夜，結果他睡過頭而上學遲到了。 Jimmy stayed up all night. 　 　 　 　 　 　, he overslept and was late for school. 5. so...that... 說明 so...that...表示「如此……以至於……」的意思，so後面可接形容詞或副詞，而that引導表示「結果」的子句。另外，such...that...也表示「如此……以至於……」的意思，但such後面只能接名詞。 例句 1. A mother's love is so powerful that it can even change nature. → A mother's love is such a powerful thing that it can even change nature. (母親的愛是如此強大，甚至可以改變自然界。) 2. Carrie always speaks so fast that I can hardly understand her. (Carrie總是話說得太快，以至於我幾乎聽不懂她在說什麼。) 3. Clark was so busy that he didn't have time for lunch. (Clark是如此地忙碌以至於他沒時間吃中餐。) 練習 1. Alex為他的演講到如此緊張，以至於他整晚輾轉難眠。 Alex was 　 　 　nervous　 about his speech 　 　 he tossed and turned all night. 2. Debbie的心情糟到她吃不下任何東西。 Debbie was in 　 　 a bad mood 　 　 she couldn't eat anything. I. 選擇題：依據下列各題句意，選出一個最符合語法的答案。 ( ) 1. Larry won't tell me 　　 (A) what is his secret? (B) how is his secret? (C) what his secret is. (D) how his secret is. ( ) 2. Do you want to know where 　　 (A) I bought this watch? (B) did I bought this watch. (C) I bought this watch. (D) did I bought this watch? ( ) 3. David 　　 his daughter a pink bicycle. (A) bought for (B) was bought (C) bought to (D) bought ( ) 4. Fiona 　　 her ring　　 Rosetta. (A) sold; from (B) sold; to (C) gave; for (D) gave; from ( ) 5. Elsa loves playing the violin. 　　, her mother sent her to a music school. (A) However (B) Therefore (C) In addition (D) Nevertheless ( ) 6. The baseball game was canceled because 　　. (A) of the bad weather (B) the bad weather (C) of the weather is bad (D) the weather bad ( ) 7. When Pandora opened the box, all the bad things came out. 　　, hope was still inside. (A) Nevertheless (B) Therefore (C) Thus (D) Besides ( ) 8. Ray called in sick because 　　. (A) of he has a fever (B) his fever (C) he has a fever (D) of has fever ( ) 9. Norah was 　　 tired 　　 she fell asleep on her desk. (A) very; why (B) such; that (C) too; to (D) so; that ( ) 10. The movie was 　　 scary 　　 Helen covered her eyes with her hands. (A) very; why (B) so; that (C) too; to (D) such; that II. 改錯：挑出語法有誤的選項，並加以改正。 ( ) 1. Samuel does not know where is the hotel. (A) (B) (C) ( ) 2. Harry was very hungry that he ate two lunchboxes. (A) (B) (C) ( ) 3. Jenny didn’t pick up the phone because of she was asleep. (A) (B) (C) ( ) 4. Emma brought to her friends some chocolate from France. (A) (B) (C) ( ) 5. I had so a great time in Italy that I wanted to go there again. (A) (B) (C) III. 引導式翻譯：每格限填一字。 1. Danny 不知道為什麼Iris會對他生氣。 Danny doesn't know 　　 Iris 　　 　angry　 with him. 2. Zoe直到考前最後一刻才唸書。結果，她考試考得不好。 Zoe didn't study for her test until the last moment. 　 　 　 　 　 　, she didn't do well on the test. 3. Lydia因為健康問題必須辭掉工作。 Lydia had to quit her job 　 　 　 　 her health problem. 4. George在Denise生日那天買了一些花給她。 George 　 　 some flowers 　 　 Denise on her birthday. 5. Nina心情好到她開始唱歌。 Nina was in 　 　 a good mood 　 　 she started singing.

統測考前85句型總複習

一、V + V-ing（下列動詞後面若接動詞，用動名詞） avoid（避免） practice（練習） imagine（想像） consider（考慮） deny （否定）enjoy（喜歡） escape（逃避） finish　（結束） keep（繼續） mind（介意）　miss（錯過） mean（表示） risk（冒險） suggest（建議） admit（承認） include（包括） delay（延遲） postpone（延遲） quit（停止）等。 People should avoid driving too fast on rainy days. These students practice speaking English every day. She imagined marrying Tom. 二、副詞片語或副詞子句提到句首，後面要用逗點： because of + N. Everyone loves Amy because of her friendly personality. → Because of her friendly personality, everyone loves Amy. because + 子句 The children are lucky because their father is sensitive to their needs. → Because their father is sensitive to their needs, the children are lucky. 三、used to + VR 過去習慣 He used to get up early.. be / get / become used to + N. / V-ing 現在或過去習慣 I am used to getting up early. She got used to the traffic in Keelung. 四、as… as one can = as… as possible　儘可能… I’ll get up as early as I can. = I’ll get up as early as possible. 五、be worth + V-ing　值得做… = be worthy of + N. / V-ing = be worthy to + be + p.p. EX: The book is worth reading. = The book is worthy of being read. = The book is worthy to be read. 六、V + that + S + (should) + VR 此類動詞通常指應採取某種行動： suggest / advise / propose / recommend（建議） request / demand / require / ask（要求） insist （堅持） order（命令） move（提議） argue（主張） urge（力勸）等。 John suggested that we go home. I advise that he stop smoking. The teacher requested that we come to school on time. 七、　子句 + (so ) that / so (that) / in order that + S + V 為了 (表目的 that / so that / in order子句中常用may, can或 will, 而過去式則用might, could 或 would) He got up early (so) that he would not be late. He got up early so (that) he would not be late. Please turn down the music in order that I can study. 八、in order to-V 為了　　so as to-V表示目的　 so … as to-V 表示結果 I got up early in order to catch the first train.（表目的） = I got up early so as to catch the first train. I got up so early as to catch the first train.（表結果） 九、S + be / V so + adj. / adv. + that 子句 如此…以致於… He is so selfish that nobody likes to make friends with him. She talked so loudly that everyone in the restaurant could hear what she said. such + N. + that 子句 如此…以致於… She is such a sweet girl that we all like her. 十、stop / prevent / keep / hinder + 某人 + from… 阻止某人去做… Joseph can’t keep himself from shouting when he gets really angry. The rain prevented me from going out. save …from… 讓…免於… protect …from…　　保護…免於… The mother called the fire department early enough to save the house from being burnt to the ground. 十一、　be + Adj. + to-V ready, glad, disappointed（感到失望的）, able, unable, difficult, easy, sure, afraid, happy, lucky, hard（困難的）, willing（願意的）, certain（必然的）, eager（急著的）, free（隨便的）, delighted　（感到欣喜的）, pleased　（高興的）, likely（可能會的）, inclined（想要的）, bound　（必然的）　等。 Cathy is ready to meet the challenges of the new job. I am glad to see you. I was disappointed to fail in history. 十二、 S + V +…＋ as （1當2因為） / although / when / if / because / unless（除非） / since（1因為2自從） + S + V＋… 若從屬子句提到句首，後面要用逗點： Carol felt calm as she walked on the quiet beach. →　As she walked on the quiet beach, Carol felt calm. She can speak fluent Chinese although she is an American. →　Although she is an American, she can speak fluent Chinese. I will join a lot of activities when I go to college. →　When I go to college, I will join a lot of activities. 十三、一…就… As soon as + S +　過去式…, S +　過去式… = S + had + no sooner + P.P.＋… + than + S +過去式… = S + had hardly + P.P.＋…+ when / before + S +　過去式… = On / Upon + V-ing…, S +　過去式… As soon as he received her call, he left the house. = He had no sooner received her call than he left the house. = He had hardly received her call when / before he left the house. = On / Upon receiving her call, he left the house. 否定副詞No sooner或 Hardly提到句首要倒裝：助動詞had提到主詞前： No sooner had he received her call than he left the house. Hardly had he received her call when / before he left the house. 十四、　, including + N.　　包括 , inclusive of + N. , N. + included Ten people were killed, including the driver. Ten people were killed, inclusive of the driver. Ten people were killed, the driver included. 十五、　thanks to = because of = on account of = owing to + N.　　　因為 = as a result of = due to Thanks to the careless driving, they had an accident. Judy decided not to take the plane on account of the coming typhoon. 十六、The + 比較級…, the +　比較級…　愈…愈… The more books we read, the wiser we are. The harder you work, the more successful you will be. (後面主要子句用未來式時，前面從屬子句用簡單現在式表未來) 十七、　have no choice but + to-V　　不得不… = cannot help + V-ing = cannot (help) but + VR = cannot choose but + VR I have no choice but to laugh. = I cannot help laughing. = I cannot (help) but laugh. = I cannot choose but laugh. 十八、It takes / took +人+時間+ to-V It costs / cost + 人+金錢 + to-V 　　 人spend / spent +時間 / 金錢　(in) + V-ing 　　　　　　　　　 on + N. It takes me one hour to finish my homework. It costs me two hundred dollars to buy the book. She spends two hours studying English every day. I spent one hundred dollars on the book. 十九、Instead of + V-ing…, S + V…　　不…反而… S + V…. Instead, S + V… Instead of telling the truth, he lied to us. →　He didn’t tell the truth. Instead, he lied to us. 二十、　It is / was + 要強調的名詞、代名詞、時間副詞(片語)、地方副詞(片語)、或副詞子句 + that +　句子其餘部分 He should take the responsibility. →It is he that should take the responsibility. Peter gave Mary a book. →It was a book that Peter gave Mary. 二十一、　It + is / was + 形容人的Adj. + of + 人 + to-V 此類形容詞： courageous （勇敢的） thoughtful （體貼的）stupid （愚笨的）　 careless （粗心的） brave （勇敢的） careful （小心的） honest polite wrong clever considerate 　(體貼的)　cruel 殘忍的 cute kind selfish silly nice （親切的） good　（親切的） sweet （親切的） thoughtless　（不體諒的） wise It is courageous of the woman to give her life for her child. It is thoughtful of you to invite me to your party. It was stupid of him to turn down such a well-paid job. It is careless of you to make such a big mistake. 二十二、與現在事實相反： If + S + were / 過去式…, S + should / would / could / might + VR… If I were a bird, I could fly to you. 　　　　與過去事實相反： If + S + had + P.P…., S + should / would / could / might + have + P.P…. If I had been sick yesterday, I would have stayed at home. 若把if去掉，要倒裝：（助）動詞提到主詞前面： Had I been sick yesterday, I would have stayed at home. 二十三、 (When / While / Although / If / As) + V-ing（主動）/ P.P.（被動）…, S + V…此句型，前後兩個子句的主詞須相同；從屬連接詞可省略： After she finished her work, she went home. →　(After) Finishing her work, she went home. While I was taking a walk in the park, I met an old friend of mine. →　(While) Taking a walk in the park, I met an old friend of mine. Enchanted by her beauty, he followed her and tried to talk to her. 被…迷住了 前後主詞不相同，主詞不能省： She riding her bicycle, her hair was blowing in the wind. It being cold, they made a fire. 二十四、People say + that + S + V‧‧‧　　據說 It is said / thought / believed (that) + S + V = S + be said / thought / believed + to-V People say that women live longer than men. = It is said that women live longer than men. = Women are said to live longer than men. 二十五、寧願…也不願… would rather + VR… than + VR… He would rather go home on foot than take a bus. would + VR… rather than + VR… He would play tennis rather than go swimming. prefer to + VR… rather than +VR… I prefer to walk rather than take a bus prefer + V-ing/N… to + V-ing/N‧‧‧ I prefer eating a cake to drinking milk. I prefer coffee to tea. 二十六、refer to / regard / think of / view / look upon / look on / take / see + O + as + N. / Adj.　　視…為… I regard him as my good friend. I regard the situation as serious. I think of this dictionary as the most useful tool in learning English. 二十七、There is no + V-ing…　不可能… = It is impossible to-V… There is no knowing when he will come. = It is impossible to know when he will come. 二十八、It goes without saying that +S + V… = It is needless to say that + S + V… = Needless to say, S + V…　不用說… It goes without saying that failure is the mother of success. = It is needless to say that failure is the mother of success. = Needless to say, failure is the mother of success. 二十九、S + never + V…+ without + V-ing… = Whenever + S + V…, S + V… 每…必… He never speaks English without making mistakes. = Whenever he speaks English, he makes mistakes. 三十、burst（原式）burst（過去式）burst（過去分詞） burst into + N.　= burst out + V-ing burst into tears 突然大哭起來 =burst out crying burst into laughter突然大笑起來burst out laughing She burst into tears. 三十一、　To one’s + 感情N,　S + V…　令…的是 感情名詞：joy sadness worry fear horror happiness surprise sorrow （傷心） delight （喜悅） anxiety（憂慮） frustration（挫折） amazement （驚訝） astonishment　（驚訝）　disappointment（失望） depression （沮喪）　satisfaction（滿意） relief　（放心） regret　（懊悔） To our disappointment, he didn’t show up. To my relief, I passed the exam. 三十二、Both + S + and + S + 複數動詞 Both I and he are busy. not only + S + but also + S / neither + S + nor + S / either + S + or + S (動詞與後面主詞一致) Not only you but also I am busy. 不但你忙，而且我也忙。 Neither he nor I am busy.　他或我都不忙。 Either he or I am busy. 或者他忙，或者我忙。　 （動詞與前面主詞一致）： S + as well as + S He as well as I is busy. 三十三、　not… until…　直到…才… He will not go home until he finishes the work. Not until子句置句首，主要子句要倒裝： He didn’t show his talents until he was twenty. →　Not until he was twenty did he show his talents. 三十四、Everyone/Everybody/Everything +單數動詞 Everyone likes her. Everybody in the opera was surprised when the actor fell off the stage. 三十五、　too…to-V　太…以致於不能… = too… for + N. He is too tired to walk. = He is too tired for a walk. You are too young to do the job. The book is too difficult to understand. 三十六、感官動詞 hear /see / observe / feel / watch / listen to / look at / notice + O + V-ing / VR （主動） + P.P.　（被動） We could hear our neighbors talking / talk. The husband saw the thief entering / enter the house. I saw the players punished by the coach. 　　　　　　　被處罰 The thief was seen to enter the house. 感官動詞自己是被動時，後面接to –V 三十七、授與動詞有兩個受詞，受詞為人或動物，若出現在後面時，其前面要用介系詞，否則不用介系詞： give / show (1.表示 2.出示) / send (送達) / pay（付款）/ lend / teach / sell / promise / tell + O + to + O 　　　　 事物　　人或動物 give / show / send / pay / lend / teach / sell / promise + 　O 　+　 O 人或動物 She gave a pen to me. = She gave me a pen. buy / save（1.儲蓄　2. 省去） / choose （挑選） / prescribe（開藥方） / prepare （準備）/ build （建造）/ cook （烹煮）/ leave （留下）/ make（製作） / get（1.買　2. 拿） + O (事物)+ for + O（人或動物） buy / save / choose / prescribe / prepare / build / cook / leave / make / get + O（人或動物） + O（事物） She bought a pen for me. = She bought me a pen. ask + O（事物）+ of + O（人或動物） ask + O（人或動物）+ O（事物） He asked a question of me. = He asked me a question. 三十八、可分雙字動詞之受詞是名詞時，可放在可分雙字動詞的中間或後面；受詞是代名詞時，要放在中間。 可分雙字動詞：put away（收起）pick up（拾起）turn off（關掉） turn on（打開）clean up（清理）turn down（拒絕）look up（翻查）pick out（挑出）put off（延期）put on（穿）take off（脫下）throw away（扔掉）take away（拿走）clean out（把…清空）call off（取消）give up（放棄）hand in（繳交）put out（熄滅）find out（找出）figure out（想出） Put your toys away. Put away your toys. Put them away. I picked up a ball. I picked a ball up. I picked it up. 三十九、　V＋ O + to-V use (使用) teach（教）invite（請求）cause（致使） encourage（鼓勵）advise（勸告）allow（允許）persuade（說服）ask（請）train（訓練）inspire（鼓舞）order（命令）remind（提醒）urge（力勸）tell（叫）warn（警告）force（強迫）get (說服) enable (使能夠) My father always encourages me to join the school’s baseball team. The boss asked us to do the work without delay. Susan’s parents told her not to go out with her friends last night. She persuaded me to stay. 四十、　V + to-V decide（決定）refuse（拒絕）determine（決心）need（必須）hope（希望）learn（學習）fail（未能）threaten（威脅）plan（計畫）pretend（假裝）agree（同意） struggle (努力) John refused to leave his wife when she was sick. The father determined to stop smoking for the good of his family. He often fails to keep his word. She will agree to come. I plan to learn French. 四十一、　V + that +S + 表達時式的動詞 think explain know say learn（得知） notice hope show（證明） believe declare（聲明） doubt（懷疑） expect（期待） fear feel hear imagine（想像） mean（表示） forget understand complain（抱怨） agree confess（承認） conclude（作結論） tell（知道） remember　see（明白） determine（決心） 等 Almost everyone thinks that English is an important language. The teacher explained that schoolwork was very important. Parents should know that their children also need some privacy. My mother said that I didn’t have to worry about my grades. I learned that Amy did not like to be disturbed. I notice that the teachers are friendly. Most writers hope that a famous publisher will publish their books. A recent study shows that fewer and fewer babies are born each year. 四十二、　V + to-V / V-ing start continue love hate like prefer begin intend（打算）dread（害怕）neglect（忽略）cease（停止）等 She loves to go to work every day. =She loves going to work every day. She prefers to live in the country. = She prefers living in the country. He neglected to lock the door. = He neglected locking the door. 四十三、　V + (O) + to-V want promise（答應） ask （請求） beg（懇求） expect　 wish 　等 Tim wants me to take a vacation. 　　希望 Tim wants to take a vacation. 　　想 He promised (me) to help me. I wish you to go at once. 希望 I wish to see you. 　想 I expect to be there this evening. I expect him to do it. 　預定　　　　　　　　　　　　期望　　　 四十四、人+ look / be / feel + P.P.（感情動詞用過去分詞） frightened（害怕的）excited（令人興奮的） disappointed（失望的）depressed（沮喪的）bored（無聊的）worried（擔心的）delighted（感到欣喜的）scared（害怕的）discouraged（沮喪的）relieved（放心的）relaxed（輕鬆的）exhausted（筋疲力盡的）pleased（高興的）startled（吃驚的）satisfied（滿意的）horrified（感到恐怖的）等 He felt relieved. We were scared. May looks relaxed when she listens to soft music. If you fail, don’t feel discouraged. 人+ be + P.P.（上面感情動詞改成的過去分詞）+ to-V She was frightened to see a thief in the dark. He was excited to hear the news. I was disappointed to learn that he was not at home. He was relieved to know that he passed the test. 四十五、　It + be + Adj. / N. + (for + 對象) + to –V 　　　　　虛主詞　　　　　 真主詞 此句型的形容詞形容事情： easy hard important necessary possible impossible wrong dangerous It is not easy (for me) to own a house in a big city. It is dangerous (for you) to climb the mountains alone. It is very hard (for me) to get up early. It is important (for a patient) to keep in a good mood. It is her responsibility to take care of the baby. 四十六、介系詞　+ V-ing / N. 介系詞：at for of in without with on by about from等 She is good at learning English. She is good at math. I was sorry for breaking her window. I love the feeling of being surrounded by books in the library. Arthur succeeded in winning Wendy’s heart The man worked hard to be rich without caring about his health. 四十七、　V + wh.-字（不是主詞時） + S +（助）V wonder(想知道) doubt（不能確定）predict（預測） know find out（查出） imagine（想像） say show（表明）tell（1.說　2.告訴　3.知道）understand（了解） I wondered how much the watch cost. I doubt if / whether she will come to my party today. No one can predict what the crazy man will do next. I don’t know when he will come back. wh-子句　→ wh-字 + to-V I don’t know what I should do. →　I don’t know what to do. I asked him where I should go. → I asked him where to go. You must tell him what he should do. → You must tell him what to do. 四十八、　V + O + that子句 tell show（表明） teach（教） promise remind I told him that I would be late. She promised me that she would come. Remind me that the meeting is on Saturday. 四十九、 be + Adj. / P.P.(感情動詞改成的過去分詞) + that子句 sure proud confident happy glad afraid（1.擔心　2.恐怕） sorry（1.難過的 2.抱歉的 3.可惜的） surprised delighted satisfied I am sure that I have spent too much money this month. Mrs. White is proud that her son’s story was published in the newspaper. 五十、　S + be / V +　地方副詞（片語） 　 →　地方副詞（片語）　+ be / V + S 地方副詞（片語）提到句首，主詞是名詞時，要倒裝：動詞應置於主詞前 An old man lived in a small town. →　In a small town lived an old man. A wonderful sight was in the garden. →　In the garden was a wonderful sight. 地方副詞（片語）提到句首，主詞是人稱代名詞　he, it, she, they, you等，則保留 S + V的順序 In a small town he lived. 五十一、　(in order) to –V　　表目的 I’ll do everything (in order) to reach my dream of teaching in college one day. Tom has set a goal for himself (in order) to become a successful writer. Some poor families eat instant noodles (in order) to make ends meet. She studied hard (in order ) to go to college. (in order) to-V放句首時，後面用逗點 (In order) to stay healthy, we should keep our surroundings clean. 五十二、通常用現在完成式+since +過去式或過去時間 Jack has lived a miserable life since he lost his family. The salesman has been out of work since the company closed down. 五十三、be famous （出名的）/ well-known （出名的）/ noted（出名的）/ known（熟知的）for +特色 be famous / well-known / noted as +　身分 be known to +　別人　為…所熟知 He is famous for his novels. Mt. Ali is noted for its beautiful scenery. He is famous as a writer. She is noted as a singer. She is known to the public. 五十四、be full of… = be filled with… His life is full of adventures. = His life is filled with adventures. The restaurants are full of people. = The restaurants are filled with people. 五十五、make + it + Adj.+ to-V Heavy fog made it dangerous to drive on the road. 虛受詞　　 真受詞 五十六、make（使）/ let（允許）/ have（使）/ bid（吩咐）+ O + VR My parents let us go swimming. I bid him take off his hat. Cindy had John wait for her in the office. have +人 + VR She made him quit smoking. bid，make被動時 +　to-V He was bidden to take off his hat He was made to quit smoking. have +　事物 + P.P. He had his car washed. make +反身代名詞 + P.P. I made myself understood in English. 五十七、result from +　原因 result in + 結果 His success resulted from his hard work. His hard work resulted in his success. 五十八、　What (a / an) + Adj. + N. (+ S + be / V)! How + Adj. + (a / an) (+ N) (+S +be / V)! What a nice dog (it is)! How beautiful (a girl) (she is)! 五十九、　It + be (not) + Adj. / N. + that子句 　　　　虛主詞　　　　　　　　 真主詞 It is important that we eat healthily. It is good that we exercise every day. It was unfortunate that the doctor came too late to save the girl. It was a miracle that nobody was killed in the fire. 六十、the + Adj. = N. 　…人，後面用複數動詞 the sick the blind the elderly the lonely the rich the poor the living the dead the young the old The sick are taken care of by the nurse. 六十一、S + be / V + Adj.比較級 / Adv.比較級 + than + S He is younger than I. Loss of health is more serious than loss of money. Helen ran faster than Amy. 六十二、下面片語或成語後面用V-ing look forward to（盼望）be opposed to（反對）object to（反對）insist on（堅持）with a view to（為了要） devote… to…（奉獻）go on（繼續）keep on（斷續） burst out（突然）be used to（習慣於）give up（放棄）have an / no objection to（反對/不反對）put off（延期） I look forward to seeing you. 六十三、It is no use + V-ing = It is useless to –V沒有用 It is no use asking him to change his mind. = It is useless to ask him to change his mind. 六十四、V + O + as + N. / Adj. 此類動詞有：accept choose recognize regard take treat view describe consider等 You may accept the explanation as a fact. You may accept the explanation as true. He chose her as his sectary. I accept you as my friend. 六十五、　such as + N.　例如 The necessities of life such as food and clothing should be satisfied. 六十六、remind + O + to-V remind +人+ of + 事或人 remind + O + that子句 Remind me to turn off the lights before we leave. You remind me of your brother. Remind him that tomorrow is a holiday. 六十七、All (that)…do + is / was + (to) – V　所有…做的只是… All you have to do is (to) send out the letters. 你所要做的只是將信寄出去。 All I had to do was (to) wait for the next bus. 六十八、There + be + S + V-ing（主動）/ P.P.（被動） There are bees flying among the flowers. There are plenty of books written in English. 六十九、be made of + N. 成品保有材料原來性質 be made from + N.成品不保有材料原來性質 The box is made of wood. The wine is made from grapes. 七十、S + be + the + Adj. 最高級 She is the most charming girl in her class. 七十一、S + be + as + Adj. + as + S　像…一樣地… He is as stubborn as a mule. 七十二、否定副詞在句首，要倒裝：never, little（幾乎不）, only + 子句 , rarely（很少）, seldom（很少）, not only, not until +子句 直到…才, hardly（幾乎不）, scarcely（幾乎不） I never saw such a beautiful flower. →　Never did I see such a beautiful flower. I little thought (that) I would get sick. →　Little did I think (that) I would get sick. You will realize the value of health only when you are seriously ill. →　Only when you are seriously ill, will you realize the value of health. Not only did he hear it, but he saw it as well. I didn’t know it until I came back. →　Not until I came back did I know it. 七十三、主要子句用未來式，表條件或時間的子句用簡單現在式表未來 If you work hard, you will have a golden future. If the weather is good, we will go on a picnic tomorrow. 七十四、連接副詞：此類副詞在語意上和前面的句子或子句有連接，通常放在句首，在其後面用逗點；連接子句時，子句前面用； as a result = therefore = thus = consequently = as a consequence = accordingly (因此) besides = in addition = additionally = moreover = furthermore = also = what’s more (此外) however = nevertheless = nonetheless (然而) in other words = that is (to say) = namely (換句話說) for example = for instance (例如) in the end = finally = at last (最後) in the beginning = at first (一開始) on the other hand (另一方面) on the contrary (相反地) in conclusion (總之) indeed (的確) likewise (同樣地) first (第一) second (第二) third (第三) otherwise (否則) then (然後) Jim kept drinking against his doctor’s advice. As a result, he became very ill. Roger is a great singer. In addition, he can play the piano very well. He is wise; indeed, he is a genius. 七十五、 原形 　過去式　　過去分詞 lie 　lied 　　 lied vi.　說謊 lie 　 lay 　 lain vi.　1. 躺　2. 位於 lay 　laid 　 laid vt.　1. 置放2. 生（蛋） Don’t lie to me. Let sleeping dogs lie. He laid his bag on the table. 七十六、獨立不定詞片語為修飾整句的副詞片語，通常放在句首，後面用逗點。 常用的有：to make things / matters worse（更糟的是）needless to say（不用說）to do sb/sth justice（對某人公平而論/對某事平心而論）so to speak（可以說是）strange to say（說來奇怪）sad to say（說來可悲）to be brief（簡單說）to sum up（總而言之） to make a long story short（長話短說） to begin with / to start with（首先）to tell (you) the truth老實（對你）說 to be frank (with you) / to be honest (with you) 坦白（對你）說 I woke up late this morning. To make things worse, I couldn’t find my car keys. Karen has a high fever. Needless to say, she won’t come to work today. To be honest, I didn’t study hard. To do her justice, she is diligent. 七十七、分詞慣用語為修飾整句的副詞片語，通常放在句首，後面用逗點。 常用的有：generally speaking（一般而言） properly speaking（正確地說）strictly speaking（嚴格地說）roughly speaking（約略地說）frankly speaking（坦白地說） Generally speaking, it takes a lot of exercise to have strong muscles. Frankly speaking, I think this new house is better than the old one. 七十八、修飾整句的副詞，通常用於句首，後面用逗點。 常用的有：fortunately(幸虧) unfortunately（不幸的是）luckily（幸虧）unluckily（不幸的是） naturally　（當然）certainly（確定地）happily（幸運地） unhappily （不巧） obviously（顯然地）strangely　（真奇怪）sadly（可悲地）hopefully（如果順利的話） Fortunately, the weather was good. Unhappily, he was not at home when I visited him. 七十九、according to + N.　　根據 according as + 子句　　視…而定 According to the latest weather report, a typhoon will hit Taiwan tomorrow. We see things differently according as we are rich or poor. 八十、　Whoever / Whatever / Whenever / Wherever / However 引導子句, S + V whoever = no matter who　無論是誰 whatever = no matter what　無論什麼 whenever = no matter when 無論何時 wherever = no matter where　無論何處 however = no matter how　無論如何 Whoever visits me, tell him I’m out. = No matter who visits me, tell him I’m out. Whatever happens, I will do it. = No matter what happens, I will do it. Whenever you see him, you will find him reading. = No matter when you see him, you will find him reading. 八十一、much（多）/ a lot（很多）/ even（更加）/ still（更加）/ far（遠為）/ a little（一點）+比較級 He is much better than I. She was a little older than he.　 八十二、介系詞＋wh-子句 Helen is very sensitive to what her friends say about her. I can get a general idea of what your teacher looks like. 八十三、　It is (high) time (that) + S +　假設法動詞　 　…的時間到了 It is (high) time (that) you started to work. 八十四、have trouble / difficulty / problems (in) + V-ing　很費力　/ 有困難 / 有問題 have a good / hard time (in)+ V-ing很愉快/遭遇困難 be busy + (in) V-ing 忙於 feel like + V-ing　　想要 He had trouble (in) understanding what I said. I had a hard time (in) learning English. The little girl was busy (in) coloring the picture. I feel like going to the movies. 八十五、be + afraid / confident / sure / certain / glad / aware + of + N. be + afraid / confident / sure / certain / glad / aware + that I am afraid of snakes.　　害怕… I am sure of his success. I am glad of your help. He was aware of the danger. I am afraid that I cannot help you.　恐怕… I am sure that he will succeed. I am glad that you accept my invitation.

B5 U2 SP Practice & Answers

Unit 2

1. no/not/never...without + N/V­ing

說明 此為雙重否定的句型，句中用兩個否定詞來表示肯定，為「無……不……，每……必……」之意。without後面須接名詞(N)或動名詞(V­ing)。

例句 1. No one is allowed to apply for the program without the necessary paperwork.

(沒有人能夠沒有必要文件就申請這個方案。)

2. I cannot finish my report without a computer.

(我沒有電腦就無法完成我的報告。)

3. Betty never uses the manager's computer without asking his permission.

(Betty每使用經理的電腦必會尋求他的同意。)

練習 1. 每當商品上市必定要經過仔細的檢驗。

       products will be put on the market        careful examination.

2. 你不向店員出示會員卡就無法享有優惠。

You    　 get a discount     　 showing the clerk your membership card.

 

2. S + leave/keep/find + O + OC (Adj/V­ing/Vpp)     

說明 1. leave、keep、find為不完全及物動詞，後面除了接受詞(O)仍須再接形容詞或分詞當受詞補語(OC)，以使語意完整。受詞補語和受詞如為主動關係，受詞補語須用現在分詞(V­ing)；若是被動關係，則用過去分詞(Vpp)。

2. leave、keep表示「使某人/某物保持……狀態」；find則表示「發現某人/某物處於……狀態」。

例句 1. You may find the work boring or backbreaking.

(你也許會發現這份工作很無趣或是很辛勞。)

2. The movie kept me wondering what happened next.

(這部電影一直使我好奇接下來發生了什麼事。)

3. Ryan came back to his seat and found his backpack stolen.

(Ryan回到座位上，發現他的背包被偷了。)

練習 1. 得知了可怕的消息後，我發現自己在發抖。

I        myself        after hearing the terrible news.

2. 研究人員將老鼠鎖在籠子裡並研究牠的行為。

The researchers        the mouse        in a cage and studied its behavior.

 

3. There + be + N + V­ing/Vpp

說明 1. 此句型為分詞片語的延伸句型。

2. 如果名詞(N)為「主動發出動作者」，則後面接現在分詞(V­ing)，以表示「主動或進行中」；若(N)為「被動接受動作者」，則後面接過去分詞(Vpp)，以表示「被動」的狀態。

例句 1. Fortunately, there is a ready­made solution called “working holidays.”

(幸運的是，有一個現成的解決方法叫做「打工渡假」。)

2. There are several children playing in the playground.

(有數個小孩在遊樂場內玩耍。)

3. There was some candy placed on the counter.

(有一些糖果被放在櫃檯上。)

練習 1. lining up/There/many people/were/the famous bakery/at

                                                                  

2. Nina's desk/a love letter/There/this morning/was/on/left

                                                                  

 

4. too + Adj/Adv + to V

說明 1. 此句型為「太……而無法……」之意，表示無法做到不定詞(to V)的動作。此類的名詞子句中常搭配should、can或could等助動詞。

2. 若想表示對象時，可在不定詞前加上for sb/sth。

例句 1. Does this sound too good to be true?　 (這聽起來好到不像真的嗎？)
2. Mr. Sterling has become too ill to work. 　

(Sterling先生病得太重而無法工作。)

3. Mark walks too fast for me to catch up. 　(Mark走得太快而讓我無法跟上。)

練習 1. 我的妹妹太年輕還不能開車。

My sister is        young               a car.

2. 這間房子太貴了而讓這對年輕夫婦無法負擔。

The house was        expensive        the young couple              .

 

5. besides + N/V­ing

說明 1. besides為介系詞，後面接名詞(N)或動名詞(V­ing)，用來表示「除了……之外」，也可以用in addition to替換。

2. 注意besides用法容易和except混淆。besides和in addition to用來表示「除了……之外(還)」，談論的事物包含besides和in addition to後接的事物；except則表示指「後接的事物並不包括在內」。apart from則兩種含義通用。

例句 1. Besides covering your room and board, the additional spending money you earn will enable you to explore the sights and attractions.

→ In addition to covering your room and board, the additional spending money you earn will enable you to explore the sights and attractions.

(除了支付你的食宿費，額外的零用錢還能讓你探索名勝景點。)

2. The wealthy businessman owns a chain of restaurants besides the department store.

→ The wealthy businessman owns a chain of restaurants apart from the department store.

(這位富有的商人除了百貨公司以外還擁有一家連鎖餐廳。)

3. I invited everyone to my birthday party except Tiffany.
→ I invited everyone to my birthday party apart from Tiffany.

(除了Tiffany以外，我邀請了大家來參加我的生日派對。)

練習 1. 除了對電影的喜愛之外，Michelle和我還有很多共同點。

Michelle and I have a lot in common        our love for movies.

2. 除了茄子以外，Katy什麼都吃。

Katy will eat anything        eggplants.

實力評量

I. 選擇題：依據下列各題句意，選出一個最符合語法的答案。

(  ) 1. Witnessing the accident, Mike was too stunned ____ a word.

(A) to say                      (B) to saying         (C) said                   (D) says

(  ) 2. The writer often has no inspiration without ____ a glass of wine first.

(A) has                          (B) to have            (C) have                  (D) having

(  ) 3. I forgot to turn off my computer and left it ____ all night.

(A) to run                      (B) runs                 (C) run                    (D) running

(  ) 4. My grandfather cannot read ____ his glasses.

(A) without                   (B) within              (C) at                       (D) on

(  ) 5. There are several paintings ____ by my mother.

(A) drew                       (B) draw                (C) drawn               (D) drawing

(  ) 6. Allison found her cat ____ under the sofa.

(A) hiding                     (B) hid                   (C) hide                   (D) to hide

(  ) 7. My father works every day ____ Monday.

(A) in addition              (B) except             (C) apart                 (D) beside

(  ) 8. There was a man ____ at me across the street.

(A) waving                   (B) waves              (C) waved               (D) to waving

(  ) 9. My brother is ____ shy ____ talk to the girl he likes.

(A) so; that                   (B) so; to               (C) too; that            (D) too; to

(  ) 10. ____ feeling embarrassed, Gloria was furious when her brother teased her.

(A) Apart                    (B) Beside             (C) Besides             (D) In addition

 

II. 改寫句子：依據提示字將以下各句改寫。

1. Jeff can speak two other foreign languages in addition to Japanese.

(用...besides...改寫)

→                                                                     

2. My little sister always goes to bed with her teddy bear. 　(用never...without + N改寫)

→                                                                      

3. The chicken was so dry that I couldn't swallow it.　 (用too + Adj + to V改寫)

→                                                                     

 

III. 重組句子：將以下各句重組並做適當修改。

1. the little girl/Sarah/on the street/found/crying
                                                                       

2. the book/There/mentioned/were/in/many interesting stories

                                                                       

 

IV. 引導式翻譯：每格限填一字。

1. 禮物上綁著一個粉紅色蝴蝶結。
There is a pink ribbon bow        on the gift.

2. 我知道現在道歉為時已晚，但我還是要乞求你的原諒。
I know it's                             now, but I'm still begging for your forgiveness.

3. 我們不能沒有仔細思考就做出決定。
We        make a decision               carefully.

4. 除了搖滾樂之外，你還喜歡什麼樣的音樂？

What kind of music do you like        rock `n' roll?

5. 哭泣的嬰兒讓那位母親一整晚都醒著。

The crying baby        the mother        all night.

Unit 2

1. no/not/never...without + N/V­ing

說明 此為雙重否定的句型，句中用兩個否定詞來表示肯定，為「無……不……，每……必……」之意。without後面須接名詞(N)或動名詞(V­ing)。

例句 1. No one is allowed to apply for the program without the necessary paperwork.

(沒有人能夠沒有必要文件就申請這個方案。)

2. I cannot finish my report without a computer.

(我沒有電腦就無法完成我的報告。)

3. Betty never uses the manager's computer without asking his permission.

(Betty每使用經理的電腦必會尋求他的同意。)

練習 1. 每當商品上市必定要經過仔細的檢驗。

  No   products will be put on the market   without   careful examination.

2. 你不向店員出示會員卡就無法享有優惠。

You  can't/cannot　 get a discount   without　 showing the clerk your membership card.

 

2. S + leave/keep/find + O + OC (Adj/V­ing/Vpp)     

說明 1. leave、keep、find為不完全及物動詞，後面除了接受詞(O)仍須再接形容詞或分詞當受詞補語(OC)，以使語意完整。受詞補語和受詞如為主動關係，受詞補語須用現在分詞(V­ing)；若是被動關係，則用過去分詞(Vpp)。

2. leave、keep表示「使某人/某物保持……狀態」；find則表示「發現某人/某物處於……狀態」。

例句 1. You may find the work boring or backbreaking.

(你也許會發現這份工作很無趣或是很辛勞。)

2. The movie kept me wondering what happened next.

(這部電影一直使我好奇接下來發生了什麼事。)

3. Ryan came back to his seat and found his backpack stolen.

(Ryan回到座位上，發現他的背包被偷了。)

練習 1. 得知了可怕的消息後，我發現自己在發抖。

I   found/find   myself   shaking/shivering/trembling   after hearing the terrible news.

2. 研究人員將老鼠鎖在籠子裡並研究牠的行為。

The researchers   kept   the mouse   locked   in a cage and studied its behavior.

 

3. There + be + N + V­ing/Vpp

說明 1. 此句型為分詞片語的延伸句型。

2. 如果名詞(N)為「主動發出動作者」，則後面接現在分詞(V­ing)，以表示「主動或進行中」；若(N)為「被動接受動作者」，則後面接過去分詞(Vpp)，以表示「被動」的狀態。

例句 1. Fortunately, there is a ready­made solution called “working holidays.”

(幸運的是，有一個現成的解決方法叫做「打工渡假」。)

2. There are several children playing in the playground.

(有數個小孩在遊樂場內玩耍。)

3. There was some candy placed on the counter.

(有一些糖果被放在櫃檯上。)

練習 1. lining up/There/many people/were/the famous bakery/at

There were many people lining up at the famous bakery.                     

2. Nina's desk/a love letter/There/this morning/was/on/left

There was a love letter left on Nina's desk this morning.                     

 

4. too + Adj/Adv + to V

說明 1. 此句型為「太……而無法……」之意，表示無法做到不定詞(to V)的動作。此類的名詞子句中常搭配should、can或could等助動詞。

2. 若想表示對象時，可在不定詞前加上for sb/sth。

例句 1. Does this sound too good to be true?　 (這聽起來好到不像真的嗎？)
2. Mr. Sterling has become too ill to work. 　

(Sterling先生病得太重而無法工作。)

3. Mark walks too fast for me to catch up. 　(Mark走得太快而讓我無法跟上。)

練習 1. 我的妹妹太年輕還不能開車。

My sister is   too   young   to     drive   a car.

2. 這間房子太貴了而讓這對年輕夫婦無法負擔。

The house was   too   expensive   for   the young couple   to   afford/buy  .

 

5. besides + N/V­ing

說明 1. besides為介系詞，後面接名詞(N)或動名詞(V­ing)，用來表示「除了……之外」，也可以用in addition to替換。

2. 注意besides用法容易和except混淆。besides和in addition to用來表示「除了……之外(還)」，談論的事物包含besides和in addition to後接的事物；except則表示指「後接的事物並不包括在內」。apart from則兩種含義通用。

例句 1. Besides covering your room and board, the additional spending money you earn will enable you to explore the sights and attractions.

→ In addition to covering your room and board, the additional spending money you earn will enable you to explore the sights and attractions.

(除了支付你的食宿費，額外的零用錢還能讓你探索名勝景點。)

2. The wealthy businessman owns a chain of restaurants besides the department store.

→ The wealthy businessman owns a chain of restaurants apart from the department store.

(這位富有的商人除了百貨公司以外還擁有一家連鎖餐廳。)

3. I invited everyone to my birthday party except Tiffany.
→ I invited everyone to my birthday party apart from Tiffany.

(除了Tiffany以外，我邀請了大家來參加我的生日派對。)

練習 1. 除了對電影的喜愛之外，Michelle和我還有很多共同點。

Michelle and I have a lot in common   besides   our love for movies.

2. 除了茄子以外，Katy什麼都吃。

Katy will eat anything   except   eggplants.