2017年2月8日 星期三

Frequently Tested Transition Words

[各種不同承接詞的統整]
最常見的承接詞
1.表達「前因後果」的副詞:(SV. 承接副詞, SV.
therefore / consequently/ hence / thus/ as a result/ as a consequence / accordingly / for that reason/ thereby/ in consequence (因此)
2.表達「前因後果」的動詞:(因+ 承接動詞+ 果)
1cause/ lead to / result in / bring about/ give birth to/ give
rise to / account for/ be responsible for/ explain why(導致)
3.表達「前因後果」的連接詞:(承接連接詞+SV, SV SV, 承接連接詞+SV
1So/ so that/ in order that (以便於)
2lest/ for fear that (以免)
3because/ since/ now that/ as/ in that/ ,for/seeing that (因為、由於)
4.表達「前果後因」的動詞:(果+ 承接動詞+ 因)
1Result from/ arise from (起因於)
5.表達「前果後因」的介詞:(果+ 承接介詞+ 因)
1Because of/ due to/ owing to/ thanks to / on account of/ as a result of/ as a consequence of
6.表達「語氣上要更進一步說明」的副詞
SV. 承接副詞, SV  前後兩個子句,有語氣越來越被強調的意味)
1Above all/ most importantly/ most important of all/ most of all/ last but not least/ what’s more(更重要的是
2What’s worse/ to make matters worse (更糟糕的是
3In fact/ in truth/ in effect/ in practice/ in reality/ in actuality/ actually/ as a matter of fact (事實上)
4Indeed/ of course/ surely/ certainly/naturally/ definitely/ absolutely/ for sure/ for certain (當然地)
5clearly/ obviously/ apparently/ evidently/ plainly/ distinctly (清楚地)
6even/much/ still/ far / a lot / rather/ somewhat + 比較級 (更加
7by far the/ far and away the/ much the / the very + 最高級(最
8 very/ so/ extremely/ devastatingly/ terribly/ awfully/ fairly/ excessively (非常)
9especially/ in particular/ particularly / specially (尤其)
10mainly/ chiefly/ primarily (主要地)

7.表達「前後對比、比較、或是相反」的副詞
SV. 承接副詞, SV  前後兩個子句,意思上相反或是有對比)
1.Yet/still/however/nevertheless/nonetheless/notwithstanding/ even so(然而)
2.Instead/ conversely/ in contrast/ on the contrary/ by contrast/ contrarily/ in comparison (想反地)
3.On the one hand… on the other hand/ for one thing… for another thing (一方面另一方面)
4.Anyway(無論如何)
5.after all (畢竟)
        
         8.表達「前後對比、比較、或是相反」的連接詞
1.though/ although/ even though (儘管)
2.even if (即使,與even though不同在於一個接條件,一個接事實)
3.but/ yet/ while/ whereas (然而)
4.except that (只可惜

         9.表達「前後對比、比較、或是相反」的介詞
1.despite / in spite of/ for all/ with all (儘管有)

10.表達「前後相似」的副詞
1.similarly/ likewise/ in the same way (同樣地)
2.namely/ in other words/ that is (to say) (換句話說)
3.for example/ for instance/ take N for example (舉例來說)
additionally/ besides/ furthermore/ in addition/ plus/ moreover/ what’s more/ also/ on top of that (除此之外)

11.表達「前後有順序之分」的副詞
1.first/ first of all/ to begin with/ first and foremost/ in the first place (首先)
2.second/ in the second place/ secondly (其次)
3.incidentally/ by the way/ by the by (順道一提)
4.last/ lastly/ finally (最後一點)
     
12.表達「前後有時間先後,或是點明其關係」的副詞
1. in the meantime/ in the meanwhile/ meanwhile/ meantime (同時不同地)
2. at the same time/ at a time/ simultaneously (同時同地)
3. at first/ initially/originally/ at the beginning/ in the beginning (起初、一開始)
4. finally/ eventually/ ultimately/ at last/ at length/ in the end/ in the long run (最後地)
5. after a while/ after a short time (一會兒之後)
6. for good/ forever/ permanently/ eternally (永遠地)
7. for the time being/ temporarily (暫時地)
8. sometimes/ occasionally/ at times/ once in a while/ on occasion/ now and then/ now and again/ form time to time (有時後)
9. now/ presently/ at present/ at this time/ at this moment /nowadays(現在)
(10)  from now on/ from then on/ thereafter/ afterwards (從現在/那時開始、此後、後來)
(11)  sooner or later (遲早)
(12)  immediately/ instantly/ at once/ right away (立刻)
(13)  suddenly/ at all once/ all of a sudden/ out of the blue (突然)
(14)  by and by/ soon/ shortly/ before long/ in no time (不久)
(15)  in advance/ beforehand/ ahead of time (事先)
(16)  at no time (從未)
(17)  at one time (曾經一度)
(18)  all the time/ at all times (一直)
(19)  so far/ as yet/ up to now (到目前為止)

13.表達「前後有時間先後,或是點明其關係」的連接詞
1.before/ after (在之前/後)
2.until/ not…until (直到才停止/ 直到才開始)
3.when/ while / as (當)
4.each time/ every time / whenever (每當的時後)
5.as soon as/ the moment/ the instant/ the minute/ hardly.. when…/instantly (一

14.表達「條件關係」的副詞
1 otherwise (否則)

15. 表達「條件關係」的連接詞
1.If/ suppose that/ supposing that/ given that/ provided that/ providing that/ on condition that/ assuming that (如果)
2.Unless (除非)
3.As long as/ so long as/ only if (只要)
4.Granted that/ granting that (即使)
5.Considering that (鑑於)
6.Or (否則)

16. 表達「條件關係」的介係詞
1.Given (如果考慮到、有鑑於)
2.Considering (就而論)
3.Concerning/ regarding/ respecting/as to (關於

17.表達「要做出總結」的副詞
1.in sum/ to sum up/ in summary/ to summarize/ to conclude/ in conclusion/ in brief/ in short/ in a word/ to be bride/ on the whole/ all in all/ in a nutshell  (總而言之)
2.in general/ in the main/ generally speaking/ by and large (大體來說)
3.to be frank/ frankly speaking/ honestly/ honestly speaking (坦白來說)

18.其他常考的副詞
1.Only/ just/ merely/ simply/ solely/ alone (只是)
2.Perhaps/ possibly/ probably (可能地)
3.At most/ at least (至多/至少)

針對以上常考的承接詞,讓我們來做個總結:
1. 你先看選項,確認四個選項的詞分別屬於這十類中的哪一類(有賴你多看多背了!)
2. 然後接下來,掌握這十種類別的大致特性:
因果關係 前後的兩個句子,必定一個是因,一個是果
語氣加強 後面的句子多半是把前面句子更進一步說明清楚
前後對比 前後的兩個句子,意思上多半是比較異處/相反點
前後相似 前後的兩個句子,意思上多半是比較同處/相似點
順序先後 前後的兩個句子,作者論述方式有先後之分
時間先後 前後的兩個句子,其時間發生有先後之分
條件關係 前後的兩個句子,多半是建立在「假設」之上
總結關係 後面的句子多半是把前面句子做總結
其他副詞 限定範圍、猜測….
             

掌握這些,相信要選出正確的承接詞就不難了!

沒有留言:

張貼留言