President
Trump’s Controversial Travel
Ban
When American President Donald Trump took office, one of his first moves was to sign an executive order stopping people
from seven Muslim-majority
countries from entering the United States. Trump insisted the travel ban was
necessary for national security, as protection against terrorism.
The sudden shift caught everyone outside the President’s inner circle by surprise. Without
warning, travelers from the seven affected countries found themselves being turned
away from the immigration points at the U.S. airports and land border crossings. The order left many individuals unable to return to their jobs,
families, homes, and schools, even though they had been living, studying or
working legally in America before its announcement.
The change to U.S. immigration policy sparked protests and outrage around the world. Many people inside and outside
America felt shocked and upset that Trump was actually following through on his
election campaign promise to stop immigration from Muslim countries. They
accused the president of targeting Muslim people unfairly based on their religion and violating their human rights. Moreover, they
criticized the president for signing an order that could break up families and actually
lead to a rise in anti-American feeling in Muslim countries.
The legal battle over the travel ban started immediately as lawyers
representing two states challenged it in district court. The judge agreed
with their arguments and put the executive order on hold. Undeterred by this setback, Trump ordered government lawyers to take the
matter to the next level, the Federal Circuit Court. The higher court was not convinced
by the government’s arguments that the travel ban was both constitutional and necessary either. It upheld the lower court’s decision, confirming
the travel ban’s suspension.
Trump was anything but impressed by the courts’ reasoning. He questioned the wisdom of the judges on social media, calling the
result “a very bad decision.” He used the phrase “so-called judge” to imply that one judge was somehow not qualified to rule on the case. It was a
highly unusual response for a sitting president to publically criticize the
courts.
Despite his bold comments on Twitter, instead of asking the Supreme Court to review the
case, Trump has ordered his staff to rewrite his original order, making exceptions for green card holders and permanent residents. More controversy can be expected with Americans divided
over immigration.
Reading Comprehension
( ) 1. According to the passage, which of the following is not one of the
reasons lawyers had for challenging President Trump’s executive order?
(A) It could break up many families.
(B) It might lead to a rise in anti-American feeling in Muslim countries.
(C) It was
a policy that discriminated against Muslim people.
(D) It could ensure
effective protection against terrorism.
( ) 2. According to the passage, which court has not
yet heard legal arguments about the travel ban?
(A) The district court. (B) The Federal
Circuit Court.
(C) The Supreme Court. (D) None of the above.
( ) 3. According to the passage, how did President
Trump respond to the courts’ decisions to suspend the travel ban?
(A) He questioned the wisdom of the judges on social media.
(B) He praised the wisdom of the judges on social media.
(C) He urged citizens to respect the rule of law.
(D) He urged citizens to respect Muslim people’s human rights.
( ) 4. According to the passage, what do the seven
countries affected by the travel ban all have in common?
(A) They are
neighboring countries.
(B) They are Muslim-majority countries.
(C) They are home to many terrorists.
(D) They are home to people with anti-American feeling.
( ) 5. The word “permanent” in the sixth paragraph
is closest in meaning to “________.”
(A) forever (B)
fleeting (C) temporary (D) simultaneous
Vocabulary and Phrases
1.
ban [b8n] n. [C] 禁令
．The government has imposed the ban on logging and
mining in this rain forest.
2.
terrorism [`tEr2&rIz1m] n. [U] 恐怖主義
．The government claimed that it would never give in
to terrorism.
3.
shift [SIft] n. [C] 轉變
．There was a shift
in Jamie’s attitude toward Alex after she found that he had lied to her.
4.
warning [`wOrnI9] n.
[U] 警告
．It suddenly rained heavily without warning, and I was soaking wet as
a result.
5.
border [`bOrd2] n. [C] 邊境，邊界
．The Himalayas lie on the border
between Tibet and Nepal.
6.
crossing [`krOsI9] n. [C] 過境處
．The drug dealer was arrested by the police at the
border crossing.
7.
announcement [1`na5nsm1nt] n. [C] 宣布
．The famous soccer
player made the announcement that
his career would end this season.
8.
spark [spArk] vt.
引發，激起
．The unfair judgment sparked widespread public protests all over the country.
9.
target [`tArGIt] vt.
把…做為目標
．The new camera commercial is designed to target young people.
10.
unfairly [^n`fErlI] adv. 不公平地
．Mary unfairly
blamed Fred for the failure. It was not all his fault.
11.
undeterred [&^ndI`t3d] adj. 不屈不撓的
．Undeterred by business failures, Mr. Wang still decided to run his own company.
12.
setback [`sEt&b8k] n. [C] 挫敗
．The CEO’s resignation was a serious setback to the computer company.
13.
suspension [s1`spEnS1n] n. [U] 暫緩執行
．The armed conflicts led to the suspension of the national election in this country.
14.
reasoning [`rizNI9] n. [U] 論證
．I agreed with Hank’s plan because I understood his reasoning.
15. imply [Im`plaI] vt. 暗示，暗指
．Although the boss
didn’t praise his secretary for her careful planning, his smile implied that
he was satisfied with her work.
he was satisfied with her work.
16.
bold [bold] adj.
大膽的，無畏的
．It was bold
of the firefighter to rescue five children from the burning building.
17.
original [1`rIdZ1nL] adj. 起初的，原先的
．My original plan was to go to the movies
with Mia. Now I just want to stay at home.
18. permanent [`p3m1n1nt] adj. 永久性的，長久的
．Linda can’t talk again because she has suffered permanent brain
damage.
Words for
Recognition
1.
Donald Trump n. 唐納．川普 (1946-)
美國著名的企業家、作家和節目主持人。 2016年11月9日，他擊敗主要競爭對手
——民主黨候選人希拉蕊．柯林頓，贏得總統大選，成為第45任美國總統。
2.
executive order [IG`zEkj5tIv `Ord2] n. 行政命令
行政命令是美國總統落實政策目標的有力手段，而此權力得到最高法院的肯定。但當行政命令被視為違憲或與現行法律相違背時，可訴諸於法庭。
3.
Muslim [`m^zl1m] n. 穆斯林
為信奉伊斯蘭教信徒的稱呼。
4.
human rights [&hjum1n `raIts]
n. 人權
5.
anti-American [&8ntI1`mEr1k1n] adj.
反美的
6.
district court [`dIstrIkt kort] n. 聯邦地方法院
7. the Federal Circuit Court [&D1
`fEd1r1l `s3kIt kort] n. 聯邦上訴巡迴法院
8.
the higher court [&D1 haI2 kort] n. 上級法院
9.
constitutional [&kAnst1`tjuS1nL] adj.
憲法的
10.
the Supreme Court [&D1 s1`prim `kort] n. 最高法院
11.
green card [`Grin &kArd] n. 綠卡
綠卡是美國永久居留證的別稱，持卡者可以自由進出美國、無限期居留、工作及享有社會福利
Translation
川普總統充滿爭議的旅遊禁令
美國總統川普上任之初，最先採取的行動之一就是簽署一項行政命令，阻止來自七個穆斯林為主的國家民眾入境美國。為了國家安全，川普堅稱旅遊禁令有其必要性，這是做為對抗恐怖主義的保護措施。
除了總統身邊的人士外，其他人都對政策的轉變大感意外。毫無預警地，來自這七個受影響國家的旅客發現他們被擋在美國機場或邊境檢查哨。這項禁令讓許多人無法返回工作崗位、與家人團聚、回家或返校，即使他們於禁令宣布前已經合法在美生活、就學或工作。
美國移民政策的改變，在全球各地激起抗議和民怨。美國內外有許多人覺得震驚又氣惱，川普竟然真的履行競選承諾，阻止來自穆斯林國家的移民。他們控訴川普基於宗教信仰，不公平的針對穆斯林信徒，違反他們的人權。此外，他們批評川普簽署了一個可能拆散家庭的禁令，並且導致穆斯林國家的反美情緒高漲。
隨著兩個州的代表律師在地方法院挑戰這項旅遊禁令，法律訴訟戰便一觸即發。法官同意他們的論點，裁定行政命令暫緩執行。川普並未因此受挫而斷念，他下令政府律師上訴至聯邦上訴巡迴法院。但上級法院並未採信其認為旅遊禁令符合憲法且必要的政府立論，決定維持地方法院原判，重申暫緩旅遊禁令。
川普不服法院裁決。他在社群媒體上質疑法官的智慧，聲稱該裁決是「糟透的決定」。他用「所謂的法官」一詞，暗指有位法官不夠資格審查政令。就現任總統而言，公開批判法院是極不尋常的舉動。
儘管在推特上口無遮攔，但川普未上訴至最高法院、要求審理此案，而是下令幕僚重擬原先的行政命令，豁免綠卡持有人及永久居民。由於美國人對移民的看法分歧，預料會有更多爭議。
閱讀測驗解答：1. D 2. C 3. A 4. B 5. A
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