B2 Unit 6 隨堂句型手冊

Unit 6

1. N + who/which/that + V... → N + V­ing...

說明  此句型為關係子句簡化成「分詞片語」的用法。當關係代名詞為主格時，可將其省略，並將關係子句裡的動詞改為表主動的現在分詞(V­ing)；若關係子句為進行式時，則只須將關係代名詞和be動詞省略，保留現在分詞即可。

例句 1. People who lead a LOHAS lifestyle are now thought to be cool.
       → People leading a LOHAS lifestyle are now thought to be cool.
       (現在遵循樂活生活方式的人被認為是酷的。)
     2. Do you know the man who/that sits over there?
       → Do you know the man sitting over there?
       (你認識坐在那邊的那個男子嗎？)
     3. The little girl who/that is walking toward us looks cute.
       → The little girl walking toward us looks cute.
       (朝我們走來的小女孩看起來很可愛。)

練習 1. 抱怨服務的顧客要求要見店經理。
       The customer         about the service asked to see the manager.
     2. 污染河川的化學物質來自那間工廠。
       The chemicals         the river came from the factory.

2. because + S + V...
  because of + N

說明  because為從屬連接詞，引導表「原因」的從屬子句，後接一完整子句，且不可單獨成句；而because of為介系詞片語，後須接名詞或名詞片語。兩者皆可置於句首或句中，置於句首時，須加逗點隔開兩個子句。

例句 1. LOHAS followers eat organic vegetables because these vegetables are not grown with agricultural chemicals.
       (樂活族吃有機蔬菜，因為這些蔬菜不是用農藥種植的。)
      2. Because of this new trend, more and more companies are now offering LOHAS  goods.　(由於這種新的趨勢，越來越多的公司現在提供樂活商品。)
      3. The employees had to take the stairs because of the broken elevator.         (因為故障的電梯，員工們必須爬樓梯。)

練習 1. 河裡的魚因為水污染死掉了。
        The fish in the river died                 the water pollution.
     2. 我幾乎什麼都看不見，因為房間太暗了。
                the room was so dark, I could barely see anything.

 3. what = the thing(s) which/that

說明  what在此為複合關係代名詞，兼具先行詞和關係代名詞的功能，相當於「先行詞 + 關係代名詞」，表示「非特定的事物」，等同於the thing(s) which/that。

例句 1. What the student does is an example of LOHAS.
       → The things which/that the student does are an example of LOHAS.        (這位學生所做的事便是一個樂活的例子。)
     2. Cathy showed me what she bought today.
       → Cathy showed me the thing(s) which/that she bought today.
       (Cathy 向我展示她今天買的東西。)
     3. I don't think what Eric said was right.
       → I don't think the thing which/that Eric said was right.
       (我不認為Eric說的事情是對的。)

練習 1. Eric寫下了老師在課堂上說的話。
       Eric wrote down 　　 the teacher said in class.
     2. 讓Bryan擔憂的事是他的成績。
                                worries Bryan         his grades.

4. S + V + rather than + N/V....
  → S + V + instead of + N/V­ing....

說明 1 rather than和instead of均為「而不是……」或「代替……」的意思，注意 rather than後面須接原形動詞，instead of則須接現在分詞(V­ing)。
     2 instead of也可以副詞instead替代，instead表示「反而，作為替代」的意思，可置於句首或句尾；置於句首時，需以逗號與句子隔開。要注意的是，instead所接的句子表示「有去做的事情」，而instead of接的句子則意味著「沒有去做的事情」。

例句 1. LOHAS followers take the stairs rather than the elevators.
       → LOHAS followers take the stairs instead of the elevators.
       → LOHAS followers don't take the elevators. Instead, they take the stairs.        (樂活族走樓梯而不是搭電梯。)
     2. We can walk or take a bus rather than ride a scooter.
       → We can walk or take a bus instead of riding a scooter.
       (我們可以走路或是搭乘公車來以代替其摩托車。)
     3. Peter went to the library rather than hang out with his friends.
       → Peter didn't hang out with his friends. Instead, he went to the library.
       → Peter went to the library instead of hanging out with his friends.
        (Peter沒有和他的朋友玩在一起。他反而是去了圖書館。)

練習 1. 我們應該要試著修理電扇，而不是用新的取代它。
        We should try to repair the fan                 replace it with a new one.
     2. 我們應該先解決問題，而不是談論這是誰的錯。
                        talking about whose fault it is, we should solve the

        problem first.

 5. not only... but also... 不但……而且……

說明  not only... but also... 為對等連接詞，兩者後面須接同一詞類，表示「不但…… 而且……」之意。

例句 1. Becoming a LOHAS follower will benefit not only ourselves, but also the planet we live on.
       (成為樂活族不但對我們自己有益，對我們居住的星球也有益處。)
     2. Emily was not only an actress but also a director.
       (Emily不只是演員，也是導演。)
     3. The writer not only wrote the book but also designed the cover himself.
       (這位作者不只寫了書，而且還自己設計了封面。)

練習 1. 這些產品不只吸引了孩童也吸引了大人。
       The products have attract                 children                 

       adults.
     2. 這位罪犯做的事不只讓人們對他改觀，也贏得了人們的尊重。
       What the criminal did                 changed people's attitude toward him                won their respect.

實力評量

I. 選擇題：依據下列各題句意，選出一個最符合語法的答案。

(  ) 1. The man 　　 in the pool is Debbie's husband.
      (A) swims    (B) swimming (C) swam (D) to swim

(  ) 2. Anthony didn't come to school today 　　 the fever.
      (A) because (B) instead      (C) because of (D) instead of

(  ) 3. I take the MRT to school 　　 it is fast and eco­friendly.
      (A) because of     (B) because     (C) instead of  (D) instead

(  ) 4. The restaurant 　　 French food is very expensive.
      (A) offering (B) offers        (C) offer  (D) to offer

(  )5. Bella decided to spend more time with her family 　　 work part­time.
      (A) instead of      (B) rather than (C) rather (D) instead

(  ) 6. The thing 　　 depressed Brittany was her husband's sudden death.
      (A) who       (B) where        (C) what  (D) which

(  ) 7. Wendy is a very talented girl. She can play 　　 the piano 　　 the violin.
      (A) only; ×  (B) not only; but also
      (C) ×; but also     (D)only; also

(  ) 8. My dog is 　　 my pet 　　 my best friend.
      (A) not; also but  (B) only; but
      (C) only; also       (D) not only; but also

(  ) 9. We didn't stay home yesterday. 　　, we went on a picnic.
      (A) Instead  (B) Instead of        (C) Rather       (D) Rather than

(  ) 10. 　　 Alice needs now is some words of comfort.
      (A) Where   (B) That   (C) Which       (D) What

II. 改寫句子：依據提示字將以下各句改寫。

1. The boy who is wearing a green T­shirt is Ashley's cousin.
  (以分詞片語改寫)
                                                            

2. The baseball game was cancelled because there was heavy rain.
  (以because of改寫)
                                                            

3. The things that Sarah bought were the ingredients of a chocolate cake.
  (以複合關係代名詞what改寫)
                                                             

4. Harry didn't go to the movies. Harry went to his friend's birthday party.
  (以Instead改寫)
                                                             

5. Exercising benefits our bodies. Exercising also benefits our minds.
  (以not only...but also...改寫)
                                                             

III. 引導式翻譯：每格限填一字。

1. 生活型態健康的人比較不容易變得憂鬱。
  People         a healthy lifestyle are less likely to         depressed.

2. 我的妹妹因為昨晚強烈的地震而感到害怕。
  My little sister was scared                 the severe earthquake last night.

3. Ian希望他的女兒會喜歡他買給她的東西。
  Ian hoped that his daughter would like         he had bought for her.

4. Samantha買了紅色的洋裝而不是粉紅色的洋裝。
  Samantha bought the red dress i                the pink one.

5. Emma不只洗了衣服，還打掃了房子。
  Emma                 did the laundry                 cleaned up the house.