B2U6 GRAMMAR

Grammar

whom 1  關係子句(受格)：…N +  which … that

→ 延續前一課介紹的關係子句(主格)用法，這一課介紹的是關係子句(受格)用法。在關係子句的受格用法中，先行詞為人的時候，會以whom作為關係代名詞；先行詞為動物或事物的時候，則用關係代名詞which。同樣地，that通常可用來代替限定關係子句中的whom和which。除此之外，當先行詞同時有人和動物或事物時，關係代名詞就只能用that。

例：The boy whom I met last night was an actor.

我昨天晚上遇見的男孩是位演員。

The city which Michelle often visits is Sydney.

Michelle經常拜訪的城市是雪梨。

練習：填入適當的關係代名詞。

1. The girl ________ Martin came with was his sister.

2. People tend not to buy the products ________ the company produces.

2  such (+ a / an) + Adj + N + that子句

→ 此句型和前一課的「so + Adj / Adv + that子句」都用來表示「如此……以致於……」的意思。兩者間的不同點在於so後面加的是形容詞或副詞，而such後面加的則是一組帶有形容詞的名詞，同樣用來修飾主詞並以that子句來表示結果。

例：It was such an easy exam that everyone in my class got high scores.

那是個如此簡單的考試，以致於我們班上每個人都得了高分。

Kyoto is such a beautiful city that many tourists visit there every year.

京都是個如此漂亮的城市，以致於每年有很多遊客造訪。

練習：根據中譯完成句子。(每格不限填一字)

1. Patrick是個如此友善的男孩，以致於大家都很喜歡他。

Patrick is ________ everyone likes him.

2. 這是個如此有趣的節目，以致於我看了好多次。

This is ________ I’ve watched it many times.

3  Adj-N

→ 此為「形容詞 + 名詞」所構成的複合形容詞。複合形容詞是由兩種或兩種以上獨立的字組合而成的形容詞，這些字之間通常會加上連字號(­)。在這課的課文中出現的high-tech (高科技的)就是一個由形容詞加上名詞所組成的複合形容詞。

例：deep-sea　深海的

low-cost　低成本的

low-income　低收入的

present-day　現今的

short-term　短期的

high-quality　高品質的

last-minute　最後一刻的

練習：根據中譯完成句子。

1. 許多在日本的公司以高品質的產品聞名。

Many companies in Japan are famous for the ________ products.

2. 每天晚上，我爸爸都看電視上的短期天氣預報。

My father watches the ________ weather report on TV every night.

4  be born with

→ be born with的意思是「天生，與生俱來」，用來表示一生下來就具備某種特質或特色，也可指出生時帶有某種疾病。其中with為介系詞，後面加上名詞。

例：Sarah’s daughter was born with good looks.

Sarah的女兒天生就有美麗的外表。

It is sad that the baby was born with heart problems.

那名新生兒天生患有心臟方面的疾病，真是令人悲傷。

練習：重組句子，並加上適當的標點符號。

1. eyes / with / was / Sonia / born / big

___________________________________________________________________

2. born / The singer / a beautiful / was / singing voice / with

___________________________________________________________________

5  use sth to V

→ use的意思是「使用，利用」。如果要表達「用……去做動作」時，會寫成use sth to V。其中的to是不定詞，後方須加上原形動詞。

例：The little boy is learning to use chopsticks to eat.

小男孩正在學習用筷子吃東西。

Sophia bought some potatoes and used them to make curry.

Sophia買了些馬鈴薯，並用它們來做咖哩。

練習：根據中譯完成句子。(每格不限填一字)

1. Dona正用她的電腦寫報告。

Dona ________ her report.

2. 記者用他的相機紀錄這個事件。

The reporter ________ this event.

TRY IT!

選出正確的答案。

(     ) 1. Cherry is such a ________ that she can answer difficult questions in a short time.

(A) smart    (B) smart girls    (C) girls    (D) smart girl

(     ) 2. Wonder Woman used her power ________ people.

(A) to helping    (B) helped    (C) help    (D) to help

(     ) 3. Chi Po­lin was a Taiwanese man ________ most people respect.

(A) whom    (B) that whom    (C) with whom    (D) whom that

(     ) 4. The couple are happy that their baby was born ________ a warm smile.

(A) to    (B) for    (C) with    (D) in

(     ) 5. Batman used his power ________ people in the city.

(A) to protecting    (B) to protect    (C) protect    (D) protected

(     ) 6. It is such a ________ that the actress doesn’t want to answer.

(A) personal questions    (B) questions

(C) personal question    (D) personal

(     ) 7. The story ________ Joe is reading was written by himself.

(A) whom    (B) which    (C) who    (D) when

(     ) 8. Chris likes ________ fish more than other food.

(A) deeply-sea    (B) sea-deep    (C) deep-sea    (D) sea-deeply

(     ) 9. Wonder Woman was born ________ superpowers.

(A) to    (B) with    (C) for    (D) in

(     ) 10. TSMC is a large company that produces ________ products.

(A) high-tech    (B) highly-tech    (C) tech-high    (D) tech-highly