2015年2月16日 星期一

句型重點解析 UNIT 6-8


1. S + V... + in order to/so as to + V....
說明[1] 此句型用以表示「目的」,意為「為了……」,後面接原形動詞片語。否定形為in order not to so as not to
[2] in order to常可以省略,並以to +V 來表示,可以置於句首或句中。so as to用法相同但不能放於句首。
例句
1. I once had an enemy at school who always accused me of things in order to insult and wound me.
 (我在學校曾有個仇人,為了要侮辱我使我受創,她總是會指責我一些事情。)
2. People used to set off firecrackers on New Year’s Eve in order to/so as to frighten Nian away. (人們過去在除夕放鞭炮是為了要趕走年獸。)
3. In order to/To make more money, Ethan takes three part-time jobs.
Ethan takes three part-time jobs so as to make more money.   (為了賺更多錢,Ethan打了三份工。)

2. S + V... + so that + S + Aux + V....
說明[1] so that 為從屬連接詞,用以強調前面子句的動作為達成後面子句的「目的」、「結果」,意為「為了……,以便……,如此……」,so that前不加逗點。
[2] 相同用法為in order that
例句
1. Even if it hurts, you must listen so that you can learn from it.
 (即使那話會傷人,妳必須要聆聽,如此才能從中學習。)
2. Father put on his glasses so that/in order that he could read the newspaper.
 (父親戴上他的眼鏡,以便能閱讀報紙。)
3. The audience are reminded to turn off their cell phones in the movie theater so that/in order that they wouldn’t be disturbed while watching a movie.
 (電影院的觀眾被提醒將手機關機,這樣他們看電影時才不會受干擾。)

3. once    以前曾經…;一旦…就…
說明[1] once當副詞(Adv)時,表示「以前曾經」之意。
[2] once當從屬連接詞(Conj)時,則表示「一旦」,後面要接副詞子句。
例句
1. I once had an enemy at school. (我在學校曾經有一個仇人。)
2. It is said that Queen Elizabeth once stayed here for a year. (據說伊莉莎白女王曾經在此待過一年。)
3. Sammy will never forget the story once she reads it. (一旦Sammy讀了故事,她就永遠不會忘記。)

4. Why don’t + S + V...? Why not + V...? How/What about + N/V-ing?          何不……?
說明[1] 此為表示「提議、建議」的句型,意為「何不……」或「……如何?」。
[2] Why notWhy don’t + S + V 的省略句,後面須接原形動詞。而How/What about則須接名詞或現在分詞(V-ing)
例句
1. Why don’t you make a list of everything the girl said?  Why not make a list of everything the girl said?
  How/What about making a list of everything the girl said?  (你何不把那女孩所說的事條列出來呢?)
2. Why don’t you recycle this box if you don’t need it?   Why not recycle this box if you don’t need it?
   How/What about recycling this box if you don’t need it? (假如你不需要這個盒子,何不把它回收呢?)
3. Why don’t you go for a walk with me? It’s cool outside. Why not go for a walk with me? It’s cool outside.
   How/What about going for a walk with me? It’s cool outside.  (跟我去散個步如何?外面很涼爽。)

5. regardless of      不管,不顧
說明[1] 此為副詞片語regardless of 的用法,用以表示「不管……,不顧……」之意。
[2] of之後可接名詞或子句。
例句
1. I simply swore to work twice as hard so that I would succeed, regardless of those useless comments.  (我決心要加倍努力以獲得成功,而不管那些無用的評論。)
2. Regardless of the danger, Sam decided to catch the robber by himself. (Sam不顧危險決定自己去抓搶匪。)
3. The company refused to take back their bad products, regardless of how the customers had complained.
  (不管客戶們如何抱怨,這間公司拒絕回收他們的瑕疵商品。)
實力評量
I. 選擇題:依據下列各題句意,選出一個最符合語法的答案。
(  ) 1.
We decided to go on a picnic, ________ whether it will rain tomorrow or not.

(A) once
(B) in order to
(C) so that
(D) regardless of
(  ) 2.
________ you explain the situation to her right now?

(A) How about
(B) Why not
(C) Why don’t
(D) What about
(  ) 3.
Betty ________ worked in the restaurant; thus, she may be good at cooking.

(A) so that
(B) in order to
(C) once
(D) as well as
(  ) 4.
Allen rushed home after school ________ watch his favorite TV show.

(A) so as to
(B) so as not to
(C) in order not to
(D) in order that
(  ) 5.
The king cut taxes ________ the local people could have time for art.

(A) once
(B) in order that
(C) while
(D) in order to
(  ) 6.
My younger brother played online games all day and quit school, ________ my advice.

(A) so as to
(B) in order to
(C) regardless of
(D) once
(  ) 7.
________ turn on the radio?

(A) Why don’t
(B) Why not
(C) What about
(D) How about
(  ) 8.
You will be surprised at the beauty of the park ________ you visit it.

(A) once
(B) regardless of
(C) so that
(D) why not
(  ) 9.
Remember to put on your coat ________ you could keep warm outside.

(A) so that
(B) in order to
(C) so as to
(D) why don’t
(  ) 10.
________ catch the first train, we had better start off at five-thirty in the morning.

(A) Once
(B) Why not
(C) In order to
(D) So as to

II. 配合題:從以下框中選出最適合的答案,以完成句子。
(A) ... once you really listen to your heart.    (B) ... regardless of how her parents disliked him.
(C) ... if you feel tired?                   (D) ... so that the neighbors won’t complain.
(E) ... so as to do some grocery shopping.
_____1. Turn down your music...
_____2. You will know the truth about yourself...
_____3. Why not take a short break...
_____4. Judy decided to marry Larry, ...
_____5. On my way home, I stopped at a supermarket...

III. 引導式翻譯:每格限填一字。
1. Carol曾經有個總是傾聽她心聲的好朋友。
Carol _______________________ ________________________ a good friend who always listened to her.
2. 為了要吸引更多的顧客,現今一些速食餐廳提供沙拉及新鮮水果。
Some fast-food restaurants are now offering salads and fresh fruit ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ attract more customers.
3. 不管是否會干擾到其他人,Kenny喜歡大聲地聽音樂。
________________________ ________________________ whether he will disturb others or not, Kenny likes to listen to music loudly.
4. 我媽媽總是先列出購物清單好讓自己不會忘記想要買的東西。 
My mother always makes a shopping list beforehand ________________________ ________________________ she won’t forget what to buy.
5. 何不去參觀日月潭呢?對你的外國朋友來說那是個不錯的地方。

________________________ ________________________ visiting Sun Moon Lake? It is a good place for your foreign friends.

2015年2月15日 星期日

句型重點解析 UNIT 6.7


1. S + seem(s) to + V....  It seems (that) + S + V....   似乎…
說明[1] 此句型用以表示「不確定的推論或看法」,意為「似乎……」。
[2] 動詞seem後可接不定詞或that子句。接that子句時須以It seems(s) that句型來表現,it為虛主詞,that所引導的子句為真主詞,注意子句中的動詞時態變化。
例句
1. Most people seem to think that the word “warming” means “giving a nice, warm feeling to a new house.” It seems (that) most people think that the word “warming” means “giving a nice, warm feeling to a new house.”  (大部分的人似乎認為「warming (加溫)」這個字意味著「要給新房子增添美好、溫暖的感覺」。)
2. Frank seems to have caught a cold for a week.It seems (that) Frank has caught a cold for a week.
  (Frank似乎已感冒了一個禮拜。)
3. My uncle’s business seems to be getting better and better. (我叔叔的生意似乎越來越好。)
It seems (that) my uncle’s business is getting better and better.

2. S + seemed to + have Vpp....    It seemed (that) + S + had Vpp....     似乎…
說明[1] 此句型用以表示「對於過去事件不確定的推論或看法」,意為「似乎……」。
[2] seem後接的不定詞或that子句須用「完成式」來表達比主動詞更早發生的動作。
例句
1. People thought this would be bad luck because the devil seemed to have hidden inside.
  People thought this would be bad luck because it seemed (that) the devil had hidden inside.
    (人們認為這是壞徵兆,因為惡魔似乎躲在那裡面。)
2. This area seemed to have been covered with water millions of years ago.
  It seemed that this area had been covered with water millions of years ago.
    (這個區域在數百萬年前曾經覆蓋著水。)
3. The London City seemed to have spent 24 billion preparing for the 2012 Summer Olympics.
  It seemed that the London City had spent 24 billion preparing for the 2012 Summer   Olympics. (倫敦市似乎花費了240億英磅來準備2012夏季奧運。)

3. It + be + believed/considered/said (+ that) + S + V....     一般相信、一般
S + be + believed/considered/said + to V....                認為、據說……
說明[1] 此句型表示「不是很精確的推斷或看法」,意為「一般相信、一般認為、據說」。敘述的內容或主張的主事者身份不清楚或不重要時,多使用被動語態。
[2] 此句型以虛主詞it代替真主詞that所引導的子句,多數為子句過長而置於句末。
[3] be動詞時態依時態而變化:iswashas been
例句
1. It is said that the navy built a ship called the Friday.
The navy is said to build a ship called the Friday.
 (據說海軍建造了一艘船艦,將之取名為「星期五號」。)
2. It is believed that hot weather makes people upset and lazy.
Hot weather is believed to make people upset and lazy. (一般相信炎熱的天氣會使人煩躁及懶散。)
3. It is considered that green is a lucky color for Saint Patrick’s Day.
Green is considered to be a lucky color for Saint Patrick’s Day.
 (一般認為綠色是聖派翠克節的幸運色。)

4. nothing/little more than + N       不過是…           nothing less than/short of + N      簡直是…
說明[1] 兩片語皆為比較級的用法,後面須接名詞,帶有「強調」的語氣。
[2] nothing/little more than = nothing but = only,表示「不過是、只是」之意。
[3] nothing less than/short of 表示「簡直是、無異於」之意。
例句
1. The British navy tried to dismiss this as nothing more than a superstition.
 (英國海軍曾試著不理這個念頭,認為它不過是個迷信。)
2. Don’t be so mad. This is nothing/little more than a harmless joke.
 (不要這麼生氣。這只不過是個無傷大雅的玩笑。)
3. Vincent’s behavior was nothing less than/short of rudeness, so his girlfriend got very angry with him. (Vincent的行為簡直是粗魯,所以他的女友非常生氣。)

5. dare + (to) V      膽敢
說明[1] 作為不及物動詞時,可以省略介系詞to直接接原形動詞,為「膽敢」之意。
[2] 口語用法:Don’t you dare!(你敢!)  How dare you!(你竟敢!) I dare say...(我敢說…)
例句
1. Would you dare (to) get married on Friday the thirteenth? (你敢在十三號星期五結婚嗎?)
2. Linus is one of the few employees who dares (to) challenge the manager in the meeting.
  (Linus是少數敢在會議上挑戰經理的員工之一。)
3. How dare you betray us! I dare say no one will trust you again.
 (你竟敢背叛我們!我敢說沒有人會再相信你了。)
實力評量
I. 選擇題:依據下列各題句意,選出一個最符合語法的答案。
(  ) 1.
My dream ________ have come true when I had lunch with Lady Gaga.

(A) seemed to
(B) seemed that
(C) seems to
(D) seems that
(  ) 2.
Joyce ________ sick for days.

(A) seems to be
(C) seems that she is
(B) seems to have been
(D) seems that she has been
(  ) 3.
It ________ the gates of hell are opened on the first day of the Ghost Month.

(A) believes to be
(C) is believed that
(B) believed to be
(D) were believed that
(  ) 4.
Be careful! The young man is ________ than a liar.

(A) less
(B) little
(C) nothing little
(D) nothing more
(  ) 5.
Would you ________ up for your own idea in front of class?

(A) dare speaking
(C) dare to be speaking
(B) dare to speak
(D) dare to have spoken
(  ) 6.
It seemed that the treasure ________ around here somewhere

(A) had hidden
(B) hid
(C) have hidden
(D) hide
(  ) 7.
________ many people are tricked by urban legends.

(A) They seem to be
(B) They seem that
(C) It seems that
(D) It seems to be
(  ) 8.
Friday the thirteenth ________ an unlucky day.

(A) is said that
(B) is said to be
(C) were said that
(D) were said to be
(  ) 9.
Mrs. Wang’s project, which made our company lose about 10 million dollars, was nothing ________ a disaster.

(A) more than
(B) short of
(C) little more
(D) less
(  ) 10.
________ Get out of here right now!

(A) I dare say.
(B) Don’t you dare!
(C) You don’t dare.
(D) How dare you!

II. 配合題:從以下框中選出最適合的答案,以完成句子。
(A) ... come closer! I will call the police.            (B) ... Tracy and Joe are in a relationship.
(C) ... have another form of life after death.          (D) ... to have admitted committing the crime (認罪).
(E) ... nothing more than a small island in the Pacific Ocean.
_____1. In the past, people believed that Taiwan was ...
_____2. We are said to...
_____3. Unexpectedly, the suspect seemed...
_____4. It seems that ...
_____5. Don’t you dare...

III. 引導式翻譯:每格限填一字。
1. 他們昨晚似乎玩得很愉快。
They ________________________ ________________________ have ________________________ a good time last night.
________________________ ________________________ ________________________ they ________________________ had good time last night.
2. 似乎沒有人相信那個年輕人的話。
________________________ ________________________ ________________________ no one believes the young man’s words.
No one ________________________ ________________________ believe the young man’s words.
3. 據說這個老人是鎮上最有錢的人。
________________________ ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ the old man is the richest man in the town.
The old man ________________________ ________________________ ________________________ be the richest man in the town.
4. 我敢說林書豪一定會在NBA表現得越來越好。
I ________________________ ________________________ Jeremy Lin will do better and better in NBA.
5. 在經歷嚴重的車禍後,Quinn的康復簡直是個奇蹟。

After a severe car accident, Quinn’s recovery is ________________________ _______________________ of a miracle.