1. ...N,
who(m)/which/whose...,
說明[1] 此為關係子句「非限定用法」的句型,主要用於補充說明先行詞,或稱補述用法。
[2] 前方被修飾的先行詞(N)後必須加上逗號,who/whom/which/whose等關係代名詞不可用that來代替。
例句
1.
Look...look at my hands, which have been destroyed by working these years in
the mines!
(看看我的雙手,這些年在礦坑工作已經把它們都摧毀了!)
2. Helen
Keller, who never gave up herself, finally became a great educator.
(海倫凱勒她從不放棄自己,最後成為偉大的教育家。)
3. Rita
greeted Doris, whom she came across in the MRT station this morning.
(Rita今天早上在捷運站遇到Doris,跟她打招呼。)
2. ...N, all/many/some/part(s)... + of +
which/whom...,
說明[1] 此為一般非限定關係子句用法的延伸,主要用於補充說明先行詞中的一部分,表示「其中……的」之意。
[2] of置於關係代名詞前,並在of前放入修飾先行詞的不定代名詞all、both、each、many、most、neither、none及several等,或是名詞part。
例句
1. The
loser would work in the mines to earn money, all of which would be used to
cover his brother’s studies.
(輸的人將在礦坑工作賺錢,而所賺全數的錢將用來支付他兄弟的學業。)
2. The police have caught a gang of robbers, some of whom are
just teenagers.
(警察抓了一批搶匪,其中一些還只是青少年。)
3. The
old man has three sons and two daughters, none of whom is willing to live
with him.
(這個老人有三個兒子兩個女兒,沒有一個人願意跟他一起住。)
![](file:///C:/Users/user/AppData/Local/Temp/msohtmlclip1/01/clip_image001.gif)
the
fact that...
說明[1] 此為介系詞despite的用法,後面接名詞(N)、名詞子句或動名詞(V-ing)。
[2] 若要加上子句時,可用despite the fact that引導子句。
[3] 類似用法:in spite of + N/V-ing = although/though + S + V...
例句
1. Despite
the difficult living conditions, two of the children in this family,
Albrecht and Albert Dürer, had a dream of pursuing their love of art. (儘管家境窮困,杜勒家中的其中兩個小孩Albrecht和Albert都有個夢想,那就是追求他們對藝術的熱愛。)
2. Despite/In
spite of sending out hundreds of job applications, Tina is still out
of work now.
(儘管Tina寄出上百封的求職信,她目前仍在失業中。)
3. Despite
the high price, the tickets for the concert were sold out in 2 hours.
→ Despite
the fact that/Although/Though the
price was very high, the tickets for the concert were sold out in 2 hours. (儘管演場會的票價很貴,兩個小時就賣完了。)
4. S1 + V1..., while + S2
+ V2....
說明[1] 此為從屬連接詞while的用法,用以表示「對比」,為「然而、但是」之意。while所引導的從屬子句可以放在句首、句中及句末,與主要子句對比。
[2] 類似用法:whereas,但比while正式。
例句
1. Albrecht
went off to the art academy, while Albert went down into the dangerous
mines.
(Albrecht去藝術學院,而Albert則進入危險的礦坑。)
2.
Winners seize the chance, while/whereas losers miss the
opportunities.
(贏家把握機會,然而輸家則是錯失良機。)
3. While
most students go to school on time, some are late for school. (多數學生準時上學,有些則上學遲到。)
5. Next time S + V..., S + V.... 下次……的時候
說明[1] 此為表示「下次……的時候」,用以引導表示「時間」的副詞子句。
[2] 類似用法:each/every time 「每次……的時候」、(the)
last time 「上次……的時候」、this time 「這次……的時候」。
例句
1. Next
time you see a copy of this work, take a closer look at it.
(下一次你看到這幅作品的複製品時,仔細看一下。)
2. Next
time April is approaching, see if you can play a trick on your friends.
(下一次四月來臨時,看看你是否可以戲弄一下你的朋友們。)
3. Next
time you go out and get drunk, please leave your car behind and take a taxi
home.
(下次你外出喝醉時,請把車留下並搭計程車回家。)
(下次你外出喝醉時,請把車留下並搭計程車回家。)
4. Each/Every
time the old man sees the picture, he can’t help but cry aloud.
(每次老人看到那照片時,他忍不住放聲大哭。)
實力評量
( ) 1.
|
Some people are for this project, ________
others are against it.
|
|||
(A) whom
|
(B) what
|
(C) while
|
(D) where
|
|
( ) 2.
|
Next time Jack and Sam ________ a fight, try
to stop them.
|
|||
(A) had
|
(B) have
|
(C) having
|
(D) have had
|
|
( ) 3.
|
Fred went jogging in the park ________ it was
raining heavily.
|
|||
(A) despite
|
(B) although
|
(C) in spite of
|
(D) despite the fact
|
|
( ) 4.
|
Sammy loves the handsome actor ________
performance in the movie is very impressive.
|
|||
(A) , which
|
(B) , who
|
(C) , whom
|
(D) , whose
|
|
( ) 5.
|
||||
(A) which
|
(B) whom
|
(C) some of which
|
(D) some of whom
|
|
( ) 6.
|
________ the rude customer shows up, just call
me at once.
|
|||
(A) Despite
|
(B) Instead
|
(C) Upon
|
(D) Next time
|
|
( ) 7.
|
Matthew loves playing poker ________ his
sister loves reading.
|
|||
(A) , which
|
(B) which
|
(C) while
|
(D) , while
|
|
( ) 8.
|
Elisa ________ we talked to last night, plans
to travel in
|
|||
(A) , who
|
(B) who
|
(C) , whom
|
(D) whom
|
|
( ) 9.
|
Dr. Winston’s new book attracts many readers,
________ are teenage girls.
|
|||
(A) most of whom
|
(B) which
|
(C) whom
|
(D) most of which
|
|
( ) 10.
|
The professional singer gave an excellent
performance ________ her sore throat.
|
|||
(A) although
|
(B) in spite of
|
|||
(C) despite the fact that
|
(D) though
|
II.
配合題:從以下框中選出最適合的答案,以完成句子。
(A)
...you should go to
(B)
...they went on their trip as planned.
(C)
...while the Ghost Festival is still a serious occasion.
(D)
...many of which are available in night markets.
(E)
...which she dropped into the river carelessly.
|
_____1.
Halloween has become a time of fun, ...
_____2.
We helped the girl get back her doll, ...
_____3.
Next time you visit Japan ,
...
_____4.
Taiwan
is famous for its various snacks, ...
_____5.
Despite the bad weather, ...
III.
引導式翻譯:每格限填一字。
1. 看看那些粉絲,在他們的偶像抵達機場時,全部都奔向他去。
Look at those
fans, __________________ __________________ __________________ are running to
their idol while he arrived at the airport.
2. 送酒作為禮物對於回教徒是冒犯的,他們是不能喝酒。
Giving wine as a gift is offensive to Muslims, __________________ don’t
drink alcohol.
3. Amy放學後直接回家,然而Ivy去圖書館。
__________________
Amy went home directly after school, Ivy __________________ to the library.
4. 下次你來臺灣時,別忘了要在夜市試試臭豆腐。
Don’t forget to try stinky tofu in night markets __________________
__________________ you come to visit Taiwan .
5. 無視於警告標示,那些小孩子們仍到河裡去游泳。
__________________
the warning sign, those children still swam in the river.
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