句型重點解析 UNIT 6.5

1. ...N, who(m)/which/whose...,

說明[1] 此為關係子句「非限定用法」的句型，主要用於補充說明先行詞，或稱補述用法。

[2] 前方被修飾的先行詞(N)後必須加上逗號，who/whom/which/whose等關係代名詞不可用that來代替。

例句

1. Look...look at my hands, which have been destroyed by working these years in the mines!

  (看看我的雙手，這些年在礦坑工作已經把它們都摧毀了！)

2. Helen Keller, who never gave up herself, finally became a great educator.

  (海倫凱勒她從不放棄自己，最後成為偉大的教育家。)

3. Rita greeted Doris, whom she came across in the MRT station this morning.

 (Rita今天早上在捷運站遇到Doris，跟她打招呼。)

2. ...N, all/many/some/part(s)... + of + which/whom...,

說明[1] 此為一般非限定關係子句用法的延伸，主要用於補充說明先行詞中的一部分，表示「其中……的」之意。

[2] of置於關係代名詞前，並在of前放入修飾先行詞的不定代名詞all、both、each、many、most、neither、none及several等，或是名詞part。

例句

1. The loser would work in the mines to earn money, all of which would be used to cover his brother’s studies.

 (輸的人將在礦坑工作賺錢，而所賺全數的錢將用來支付他兄弟的學業。)

2. The police have caught a gang of robbers, some of whom are just teenagers.

  (警察抓了一批搶匪，其中一些還只是青少年。)

3. The old man has three sons and two daughters, none of whom is willing to live with him.

  (這個老人有三個兒子兩個女兒，沒有一個人願意跟他一起住。)

3. despite +  N/V-ing       儘管……，雖然……

           the fact that...

說明[1] 此為介系詞despite的用法，後面接名詞(N)、名詞子句或動名詞(V-ing)。

[2] 若要加上子句時，可用despite the fact that引導子句。

[3] 類似用法：in spite of + N/V-ing = although/though + S + V...

例句

1. Despite the difficult living conditions, two of the children in this family, Albrecht and Albert Dürer, had a dream of pursuing their love of art. (儘管家境窮困，杜勒家中的其中兩個小孩Albrecht和Albert都有個夢想，那就是追求他們對藝術的熱愛。)

2. Despite/In spite of sending out hundreds of job applications, Tina is still out of work now.

  (儘管Tina寄出上百封的求職信，她目前仍在失業中。)

3. Despite the high price, the tickets for the concert were sold out in 2 hours.

→ Despite the fact that/Although/Though the price was very high, the tickets for the concert were sold out in 2 hours.   (儘管演場會的票價很貴，兩個小時就賣完了。)

4. S₁ + V₁..., while + S₂ + V₂....

說明[1] 此為從屬連接詞while的用法，用以表示「對比」，為「然而、但是」之意。while所引導的從屬子句可以放在句首、句中及句末，與主要子句對比。

[2] 類似用法：whereas，但比while正式。

例句

1. Albrecht went off to the art academy, while Albert went down into the dangerous mines.

　(Albrecht去藝術學院，而Albert則進入危險的礦坑。)

2. Winners seize the chance, while/whereas losers miss the opportunities.

  (贏家把握機會，然而輸家則是錯失良機。)

3. While most students go to school on time, some are late for school. (多數學生準時上學，有些則上學遲到。)

5. Next time S + V..., S + V....        下次……的時候

說明[1] 此為表示「下次……的時候」，用以引導表示「時間」的副詞子句。

[2] 類似用法：each/every time 「每次……的時候」、(the) last time 「上次……的時候」、this time 「這次……的時候」。

例句

1. Next time you see a copy of this work, take a closer look at it.

(下一次你看到這幅作品的複製品時，仔細看一下。)

2. Next time April is approaching, see if you can play a trick on your friends.

 (下一次四月來臨時，看看你是否可以戲弄一下你的朋友們。)

3. Next time you go out and get drunk, please leave your car behind and take a taxi home.
(下次你外出喝醉時，請把車留下並搭計程車回家。)

4. Each/Every time the old man sees the picture, he can’t help but cry aloud.

 (每次老人看到那照片時，他忍不住放聲大哭。)

實力評量

I. 選擇題：依據下列各題句意，選出一個最符合語法的答案。

(  ) 1.	Some people are for this project, ________ others are against it.
	(A) whom	(B) what	(C) while	(D) where
(  ) 2.	Next time Jack and Sam ________ a fight, try to stop them.
	(A) had	(B) have	(C) having	(D) have had
(  ) 3.	Fred went jogging in the park ________ it was raining heavily.
	(A) despite	(B) although	(C) in spite of	(D) despite the fact
(  ) 4.	Sammy loves the handsome actor ________ performance in the movie is very impressive.
	(A) , which	(B) , who	(C) , whom	(D) , whose
(  ) 5.	Edison invented lot of things, ________ have changed our lives.
	(A) which	(B) whom	(C) some of which	(D) some of whom
(  ) 6.	________ the rude customer shows up, just call me at once.
	(A) Despite	(B) Instead	(C) Upon	(D) Next time
(  ) 7.	Matthew loves playing poker ________ his sister loves reading.
	(A) , which	(B) which	(C) while	(D) , while
(  ) 8.	Elisa ________ we talked to last night, plans to travel in Turkey this summer.
	(A) , who	(B) who	(C) , whom	(D) whom
(  ) 9.	Dr. Winston’s new book attracts many readers, ________ are teenage girls.
	(A) most of whom	(B) which	(C) whom	(D) most of which
(  ) 10.	The professional singer gave an excellent performance ________ her sore throat.
	(A) although		(B) in spite of
	(C) despite the fact that		(D) though

II. 配合題：從以下框中選出最適合的答案，以完成句子。

(A) ...you should go to hot springs. (B) ...they went on their trip as planned. (C) ...while the Ghost Festival is still a serious occasion. (D) ...many of which are available in night markets. (E) ...which she dropped into the river carelessly.

_____1. Halloween has become a time of fun, ...

_____2. We helped the girl get back her doll, ...

_____3. Next time you visit Japan, ...

_____4. Taiwan is famous for its various snacks, ...

_____5. Despite the bad weather, ...

III. 引導式翻譯：每格限填一字。

1. 看看那些粉絲，在他們的偶像抵達機場時，全部都奔向他去。

Look at those fans, __________________ __________________ __________________ are running to their idol while he arrived at the airport.

2. 送酒作為禮物對於回教徒是冒犯的，他們是不能喝酒。

Giving wine as a gift is offensive to Muslims, __________________ don’t drink alcohol.

3. Amy放學後直接回家，然而Ivy去圖書館。

__________________ Amy went home directly after school, Ivy __________________ to the library.

4. 下次你來臺灣時，別忘了要在夜市試試臭豆腐。

Don’t forget to try stinky tofu in night markets __________________ __________________ you come to visit Taiwan.

5. 無視於警告標示，那些小孩子們仍到河裡去游泳。

__________________ the warning sign, those children still swam in the river.