句型重點解析 UNIT 5.7

1. V-ing..., S + V....

說明：此句型為主動用法之分詞構句，若副詞子句與主要子句之主詞相同，常會省略主詞及從屬連接詞，並將動詞改為現在分詞(V-ing)而形成現在分詞構句，但當從屬連接詞為(al)though時，為求語意明確，不省略(al)though。

例句

1. Because the boy and his family lived in poverty, they had to work diligently on the farm every day.
→ Living in poverty, the boy and his family had to work diligently on the farm

every day. (男孩和他的家人因為生活貧困而必須每天在農場上勤奮工作。)

2. Although Joyce earned a lot of money, she never bought luxuries.
→ Although earning a lot of money, Joyce never bought luxuries.
   (雖然Joyce賺了很多錢，但她從未買過任何奢侈品。)

3. If you go to this party, you will meet many famous singers and models.
→ Going to this party, you will meet many famous singers and models.
   (如果你去參加這場派對，你將會遇見很多當紅歌手和名模。)

2. Vpp..., S + V....

說明：此句型為被動用法之分詞構句，若副詞子句與主要子句之主詞相同，常會省略主詞、從屬連接詞以及be動詞，只留下過去分詞(Vpp)而形成過去分詞構句，但當從屬連接詞為(al)though時，為求語意明確，不省略(al)though。

例句

1. After the boy was offered a glass of milk and a piece of cake, he sat down to take a rest.
→ Offered a glass of milk and a piece of cake, the boy sat down to take a rest.
   (被給了一杯牛奶和一塊蛋糕後，男孩坐下來休息。)

2. Although Kate was invited to that fantastic party, she went out on a date with her boyfriend in a shabby little restaurant as planned.
→ Although invited to that fantastic party, Kate went out on a date with her

boyfriend in a shabby little restaurant as planned.(雖然Kate被邀請去參加那場吸引人的派對，她還是依照原訂計畫和她男朋友去一家又小又破的餐廳約會。)

3. Since Alex was chosen to represent our class in the contest, he would try his best to win the championship.
→ Chosen to represent our class in the contest, Alex would try his best to win the

championship. (既然被選中代表我們班參加比賽，Alex就會盡他的全力贏得冠軍。)

3. no-/some-/any- + -body/-one/-thing + Adj

說明：當字首no-/some-/any-搭配-body/-one/-thing等字時，便形成了不定代名詞，此時若需要加上形容詞修飾，則將形容詞置於這些不定代名詞之後，意即後位修飾。

例句

1. Take this day for yourself and try to learn something good. (把握屬於你自己的這一天，試著學些好的事物。)

2. Is there anything special about the car? (這部車有什麼特別的嗎？)

3. We went to the famous restaurant but found nothing delicious there.
(我們去了那家有名的餐廳，但卻發現那裡沒什麼好吃的。)

4. S + be/V + Adverbial Phrase → Adverbial Phrase + be/V + S

說明：本句型用來強調「地方副詞片語」(adverbial phrase)。若here、there或地方副詞片語置於句首時，該句的主詞和動詞須互換位置形成倒裝，但若主詞為人稱代名詞時，則不需倒裝。

例句

1. The house he had been searching for was at the top, but it didn't have the golden windows.
→ At the top was the house he had been searching for, but it didn't have the golden

windows. (在山頂上就是他在尋找的房子，但它並沒有金色的窗戶。)

2. My teacher comes here.

 → Here comes my teacher.   (我的老師來了。)

3. I stayed indoors because of the rain.

 → Indoors I stayed because of the rain. (我因為下雨而待在室內。)

5. To one’s + N　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　　令人感到……的是

說明：此副詞片語多置於句首，表達人的心情，須接關於情緒、感情方面的名詞。這類名詞常見的有surprise (驚訝)、disappointment (失望)、sorrow (悲傷)、joy (快樂)、amazement (驚訝)、regret (懊悔)、embarrassment (尷尬)等等，使用時務必依據想表達的意思慎選情緒名詞。

例句

1. To his great sorrow, the windows were just clear glass, like any normal ones.
(令他感到悲傷的是，那些窗戶只是乾淨的玻璃，就跟普通的窗戶一樣。)

2. To my disappointment, I failed the test and couldn’t get my driver’s license.
(令我感到失望的是，我沒通過考試而無法拿到駕照。)

3. To Leo’s embarrassment, his ex-girlfriend’s new lover is his buddy.
(令Leo 感到尷尬的是，他前女友的新情人是他的好朋友。)

實力評量

I. 選擇題：依據下列各題句意，選出一個最符合語法的答案。

(　) 1. ________ Mr. Wang’s joy, his son got first prize in the competition.
(A) At                     (B) To                        (C) As                       (D) By

(　) 2. ________ into a rich family, Laura never knows what it is like to be poor.
(A) Born                 (B) Bear                    (C) Bearing               (D) Bore

(　) 3. ________ in the city, we could get what we want easily.
(A) Being lived      (B) Lived                  (C) Live                     (D) Living

(　) 4. Though ________ hard, Bill didn’t get the high grade as he expected.
(A) studied             (B) to study               (C) having studied    (D) had studied

(　) 5. ________ by the teacher, Henry has to clean the toilet for the whole month.
(A) Be punished     (B) Punishing            (C) Punish                 (D) Punished

(　) 6. Did you ________ to celebrate your birthday?
(A) do anything special                            (B) do special anything
(C) did anything special                           (D) did special anything

(　) 7. ________ I bought yesterday.
(A) The watch is in the box                      (B) In the box is the watch
(C) Is the watch in the box                      (D) The box is the watch in

(　) 8. There is ________ in this movie.
(A) nothing excited                                  (B) excited nothing
(C) nothing exciting                                 (D) exciting nothing

(　) 9. To Patrick’s ________, his girlfriend left him without saying a word.
(A) sorrowed          (B) sorrowfully         (C) sorrow                 (D) sorrowful

(　) 10. ________ a lot of books last week.

            (A) In the bookstore I read                       (B) In the bookstore read I
(C) I read in the bookstore                       (D) Read I in the bookstore

II. 填空：依各題句意填入適當的分詞形式。

1. ________________ (sit) on the chair, Sherry began to doze off.

2. ________________ (write) in a foreign language, the book is difficult to read.

3. ________________ (blame) for his poor grades, Tom cried sadly.

4. ________________ (take) a bath, I love to sing my favorite singer’s songs.

5. ________________ (live) far away from school, Ariel needs to get up early every day.

III. 引導式翻譯：每格限填一字。

1. 令我感到失望的是，我最喜愛的歌手的演唱會門票在三天前就賣完了。
________________ ________________ ________________, the tickets of my favorite singer’s concert were sold out three days ago.

2. 雖然生長在一個貧窮的家庭裡，Daniel還是靠著自己的努力而成為了一名成功的企業家。
________________ ________________ in a ________________ family, Daniel became a successful entrepreneur by his hard work.

3. 那間房子裡住了一位醫生。
In the house ________________ ________________ ________________.

4. 冰箱裡有什麼好吃的嗎？
Is there ________________ ________________ in the refrigerator?

5. 這個電視節目沒什麼有趣的地方。 There is ________________ ________________ in this TV program.