Book 2 Unit 3 Reading

Reading

1-1. Students spend their summer holidays in different ways.

句型文法

常見的花時間／花錢的句型有三種：

 

(1) 人+ spend + 時間／金錢 + 

 

to do sth.

(2) It

 

(3) sth. +

例句：

Teresa spent 3,000 NT dollars on the new dress.

= It cost Teresa 3,000 NT dollars to buy the new dress.

= The new dress cost Teresa 3,000 NT dollars.

1-2. Some take extra classes, while others get part-time jobs.

1. Some..., while others.... SPP 3

句型文法：

連接詞while為B1L8句型，用來表示「前後對照」，加入some..., others...表達「一些⋯，而另一些⋯」。

此用法用於列舉，表示「一些…另一些…」。多為兩個獨立句子，可用連接詞連接。若事情只有兩種情況，列舉時用some和the others。當事情有多種情況，從中任意列舉兩項時可用。若要任意列舉三項，可再加still others。

• In the park, some people are chatting, while others are exercising.

2. take/attend a class皆為「修習課程」的意思。

（B）1.  In the park, children are playing happily.

　　 are playing hide-and-seek. Others are playing on the swings.

(A) One             (B) Some

(C) They            (D) The others

2.    火車來之前，乘客在月臺等候。有些在看報紙，有些在交談。

Before the train came, passengers were waiting on the platform. \o\ac(, were reading newspapers, and \o\ac(, were talking to one another.

1-3. But now there are other choices² if you want to enjoy a truly meaningful³ vacation.

2-1. Most young people don’t have much money, so [going on a working holiday] is great for them.

※動名詞（going on a holiday）作句子的主詞，指一件事情，其後需用單數動詞。

2-2. They don’t have to save a lot of money BEFORE they travel; instead, they can work to pay for their expenses⁴ WHEN they travel. SPP 4

句型文法：Instead, S + V.

※instead是副詞而非連接詞，因此前面的標點用分號或句點，而非逗號。另一個用法是Instead of + N/V-ing, S + V.... ，若有of則需接受詞，該受詞表示被取代的事物。

※instead為副詞，意為「反而、卻」，修飾全句。此句前常會先出現一否定敘述，instead後接另一個句子，表實際發生的動作。

※instead置於句首時，後接逗點再接完整句。

• Ken didn’t go to the movies; instead, he went to the gym. = Instead of going to the movies, Ken went to the gym.

（　C　）1.  Melissa seldom buys new clothes. 　　　, she takes some of her mother’s clothes and makes them suit her own style.

(A) However  (B) Besides   (C) Instead    (D) Perhaps

2.    Katherine不用煮飯，相反地，她的丈夫總會為她準備餐點。

Katherine doesn’t have to cook; \o\ac(,, her husband always prepares meals for her.

2-3. Usually, they will switch⁵ jobs, as they tend to visit different places. SPP 1

※未來式與未來進行式S + will + VR/be V-ing.

l   一般未來式表示「將發生的動作、未來的狀態」，主詞後加上will + VR。

l   未來進行式表示「未來某刻正在進行的動作」，可以用於推測、預期、希望。will後接be + V-ing。

l   常和未來式連用的副詞：tomorrow、the day after tomorrow（後天）、in the future（在未來）、next搭配星期╱月╱年╱季節、in搭配一段時間。未來式也可和today、tonight、this搭配星期╱月╱年╱季節使用。

l   未來式可搭配when引導的副詞子句和if引導的條件句。可參考第一冊L2句型Ⅰ。

1.    醫生五分鐘後會幫您看診。

The doctor \o\ac(, \o\ac(, you \o\ac(, five minutes.

2.    我們去到機場的時候，導遊會在那裡等著我們。

When we get to the airport, our tour guide \o\ac(, \o\ac(, \o\ac(, for us there.

句型文法：S₁ + V₁…(,) as S₂ + V₂…. SPP 5

(1) as在此句當連接詞，解釋為「因為」，用法和because、since一樣，但表示因果關係的口氣比because、since 較弱一些。

• As it is getting dark, let’s go home now.

(2) as當連接詞用時，還可以解釋成while，表示「當⋯⋯時」。

• As I was taking a shower, I heard a loud noise coming from upstairs.

(3) as也可以解釋為「雖然、儘管」。

• Young as he is, Jason is very brave.

(4) as亦可解釋為「如同」。

• As I have said, I didn’t like the man. He was not my cup of tea. (He was not my type.)

(5) as當介系詞時後面常常接「身分」或「頭銜」。

• Jim works as a nurse in the hospital.

※as作連接詞除了表「當、隨著」，也可用來說明原因，表「因為」。

※as引導的子句可置於主要子句之前或之後。置於主要子句之前，中間須用逗點將兩子句隔開。置於主要子句之後則不一定要加逗點。

※as表「當、隨著」用法可參考第一冊L3句型Ⅳ。

（）1. We asked Joseph to drive us home 　　　 he was the only one with a driver’s license.

(A) so           (B) when    (C) as    (D) but

（）2. 　　　 you have no experience in taking care of children, asking your parents for help may be a good idea.

(A) If   (B) Although   (C) While   (D) As

2-4. For example, many backpackers^ž now travel across Australia^ž for a year or two, but stay in the same city for only several weeks.

句型文法：

for example = for instance 指「舉例來說」，後面通常加上完整子句。

• It is expensive to live in a big city. For example, people have to pay high rents and large parking fees.

2-5. During the journey⁶, they take on different jobs.

※during是介系詞，表示「在⋯⋯期間內」。

• Ray kept talking during the meal.

• Evan served in the US navy during World War II.

2-6. They look after children, pick fruit on a farm, or work at a restaurant or even at a resort^ž.

※句中的or都是對等連接詞，第一個or連接前後三個動詞片語（look after children、pick fruit on a farm和work at a restaurant...）。第二個or連接兩個介系詞片語（at a restaurant和at a resort）。

2-7. Other countries like New Zealand^ž, Japan, and Canada are just as popular as Australia.

※S₁ + be-V/V + as + Adj/Adv + as + S₂. SPP 2

l   本句型用於兩者比較，表示「和…一樣」。第一個as為副詞，修飾後面的形容詞、副詞；第二個as為連接詞，後可接句子，不過若S1和S2的動詞相同，一般都會省略S2後的動詞。

l   形容詞可搭配連綴動詞（look、sound、smell、taste、feel），副詞搭配一般動詞。

l   表達「和……一樣多」時，可在兩個as間加入「much + 不可數名詞」或「many + 可數名詞」。

1.    Larraine和她的雙胞胎哥哥一樣高。

Larraine is \o\ac(, \o\ac(, \o\ac(, her twin brother.

（）2. Sue sings 　　　 well 　　　 a popular singer.

(A) more; than   (B) as; as(C) so; that          (D) not; but

3-1. Another way to see new places is to be an international volunteer.

3-2. These volunteers work without any pay, but they gain⁷ a sense of fulfillment from helping others or the environment⁸.

句型文法：without + N/V-ing 沒有⋯ SPP 6

• We cannot live without air and clean water.

• Grace left home without saying goodbye.

※without為介系詞，其後須接N或V-ing，表示「沒有…」。

※Without + N置於句首常與假設語氣連用，相當於But for + N，表示「沒有……的話，某事可能就會……」。

（　C　）1. The little boy rushed across the streets without       out for the traffic.

(A) look       (B) looked (C) looking (D) looks

2. 輸了比賽的網球選手一語不發地離開球場。

The tennis player who lost the match left the court \o\ac(, \o\ac(, \o\ac(,.

3-3. They can plant fruit trees and vegetables with orphans⁹ in Mongolia^ž or pick up trash around Mt. Fuji^ž.

3-4. They can also help dig wells¹⁰ in small African^ž villages¹¹ or entertain¹² old and sick people in India.

句型文法：

help通常有兩種用法：

(1) help + (O) + (to) VR

• Dean helped (his mother) (to) clean the house yesterday.

(2) help + O + with + N

• Dean helped his mother with the house cleaning yesterday.

3-5. If you volunteer, it means you sincerely¹³ want to serve other people and are able to take care of yourself in a strange environment.

1. If..., it means (that)... 如果⋯就表示⋯

• If you see a red signal, it means (that) you are in danger.

• If you don’t get his phone call tomorrow, it means (that) he has lied to you.

2. be able to + VR 能夠⋯，通常能跟can互換使用，不過若遇到較困難的事情，需要努力才能達成時，使用be able to + VR會比使用can來得恰當。

• Maggie is able to play Chopin（蕭邦）.

3. take care of = care for = look after 照顧

3-6. It also means you are willing to accept¹⁴ people from different cultures¹⁵ and work together with them in a friendly manner¹⁶.

4-1. These holidays may not be as comfortable as sightseeing¹⁷ tours¹⁸, but you will get to see different sides of the world.

4-2. You can gain new experiences, improve¹⁹ your language skills, make new friends, and broaden your horizons.

※make friends指「交朋友」，為一慣用語，也可以用make friends with somebody。

• After Lisa entered the new school, she quickly made friends with many new classmates.

字詞搭配：

(1) make sb.’s day 使某人很高興

• Receiving my husband’s letter really made my day.

(2) make sense 有道理

• I don’t get it. It doesn’t make any sense.

Comprehension

Main Idea  Choose the best answer to the question.

　C　　         What is the main idea of “Different Ways to Spend Your Holidays”?

        〈不同的度假方式〉這篇文章的主旨為何？

(A)    Students should take extra classes during the summer.

學生應該在暑假期間選修額外的課程。

        (B) The best way to spend a summer is to be a backpacker.

度過夏天的最好方式就是當背包客。

        (C) There are many meaningful ways to spend your summer holidays.

有許多有意義的方式讓你度過暑假。

        (D) Being a volunteer is the most comfortable way to spend one’s summer.

當志工是度過夏天最舒適的方式。

Details  Write a T (True) or an F (False) for each sentence.

　F　　 1. Young people who go on working holidays tend to stay in only one city.

         打工度假的年輕人傾向於只停留在一個城市。

　F　　 2. Japan and China are now popular countries for working holidays.

         日本和中國現在都是打工度假的熱門國家。

　T　　 3. Helping others without any pay may give a person a sense of fulfillment.

         不求回報地幫助別人可能帶給人成就感。

　F　　 4. Volunteering holidays are as comfortable as sightseeing tours.

         志工旅遊和觀光旅遊一樣舒適。