Focal Point 1
地方副詞 + V + S.
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學習建議
地方副詞（片語）通常置於動詞之後，若要加強時，可將其移至句首形成倒裝句。另外，有修飾語要修飾主詞時，也會將地方副詞（片語）移至句首，使主詞緊接修飾語，以免造成誤解。學習順序建議如下：
(1) 複習運用地方副詞（片語）的句型。
(2) 地方副詞（片語）置於句首。
(3) 用It is/was... that...加強地方副詞（片語）。
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複習句型 There beV... + 地方
There beV + S + 地方副詞（片語）
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說明：表示「在……（地方）有……」。
• There are blooming
flowers in the garden.
•There are
a lot of wild animals in the jungle.
• There used to be a big
supermarket around the corner.
• So far, there have been
several accidents at the crossroads.
課文句型
S + V + 地方副詞（片語）
→ 地方副詞（片語）+ V + S（名詞）（+ 修飾語）
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說明：將介系詞片語移至句首形成的倒裝結構，主要是因為主詞之後有一些修飾語，為避免主詞與動詞分離太遠，造成誤解，因此形成移位的倒裝結構。
• On the bench was lying a
tired-looking old man.
• Under a tree sit two
old people who are playing chess.
• At the gate of the park stood
a child who was dirty and cold-looking.
• Along the river were piles
of garbage thrown away by nearby residents.
• In front of Nancy
課文句型
地方副詞（片語）+ we/they/you/... + V.
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說明：以地方副詞（片語）為句首之倒裝句，若遇主詞為代名詞時，則主詞與動詞不倒裝。
• “Here we are!”
said the tour guide.
• On the top of the hill they
stood.
• Down to the valley they
walked.
• Around the park she jogs
every morning.
補充句型 用It is/was... that...加強
It is/was + 地方副詞（片語）+ that + S + V...
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說明：此句型結構為強調句（又稱分裂句），形成方式為將句子中欲特別著重的訊息分立出來，以作為強調。
(1) 結構：It is/was + 加強部分
+ that + 句子剩餘部分。
(2) 除地方副詞（ 片語） 外， 亦可加強主詞、受詞、when子句、because子句等。
• It was in South
Asia that a giant tsunami happened some years ago.
• It was at this bank that
a robbery took place the other day.
• It is at her local coffee shop
that Julia enjoys a relaxing Saturday morning.
• It is in these cyber cafés that
some teenagers spend their free time.
(p.66)
句型演練
A. 句子重組
1. To / she /
the / went / MRT station
→
2. Under / a
stranger / stood / tree / the
→
3. At / stood
/ the gate / some teachers / smiling at students
→
4. On / sits /
a temple / the hill / with a red roof
→
5. In / sat /
the classroom / several students / who were taking a test
→
B. 引導式翻譯
1. 餐桌上有一大碗櫻桃。
dining table a big bowl
of cherries.
2. 山頂上是個小湖泊。
of the mountain a small
lake.
3. 這條街住有許多以繪畫為生的藝術家。
On the street many artists make their living
pictures.
4. 月臺上站著許多候車的乘客。
the platform many who were for
the train.
*5. 我就是在這間咖啡店遇到Mavis的。
It was
that I Mavis.
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*為補充句型之練習題
Focal Point 2
that/those (as pronouns)
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學習建議
本課重點在代名詞it/they、one/ones、that/those之區別。學習順序建議如下：
(1) it 與 they 的用法。
(2) one 與 ones 的用法。
(3) that 與 those 的用法。
(4) 補充代名詞相關句型。
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複習句型 代名詞 it 與 they
說明：
(1) it代替前面所提過相同的單數或不可數名詞或代替前面已經說過的片語或子句。
(2) they代替前面所提過相同的複數名詞。
• I bought a dictionary, and it
is helpful to me.
• I drank some sweet iced tea, but it
made me thirstier.(it = the iced tea)
• The man tried to escape from the
jail, but it was impossible. (it = to escape from the jail)
• I get a lot of e-mails every day, and
they upset me a lot. (they = e-mails)
• Sick people should eat more fruits
and vegetables because they are good for their health. (they = fruits and
vegetables)
複習句型 代名詞 one 與 ones
說明：
(1) one代替前面所提過的同類但不同一個單數名詞；ones代替複數。
(2) 有關one常用的片語：
one by one（一個一個地）
one after another（一個接一個）
one... the other...（一個……另一個……）
... one thing, ... another（……一回事，……另一回事）
• The watch is too expensive; show me a
cheaper one. (one = watch)
• I want a cellphone, but I don’t have
enough money to buy one. (one = a cellphone)
• Passengers got out of the bus one
after another.
• The applicants entered the office one
by one for an interview.
• Helen has two hobbies; one is
collecting stamps, and the other is playing the violin.
課文句型 代名詞 that 與 those
名詞 + 比較級（常） + that/those + 修飾語
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說明：
(1) that代替單數名詞，those代替複數名詞。
(2) 同類但不同一個名詞作「比較」時，後面的名詞可用that/those代替。（此句型用於that/those後面有片語或子句修飾時。）
• The weather of California
is much better than that of New
York
• Sue loves to read American novels,
especially those written by Hemingway. (those = novels)
• The ears of a rabbit are longer than those
of a fox. (those = the ears)
• The population of China
• This woman’s voice is sweeter than that
of that man. (that = the voice)
補充句型
1. The former...; the latter...【指事物】
= That...; this...（前者……，後者……）
2. The former...; the latter...【指人】
= The one...; the other...
（前者……，後者……）
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• Health is above wealth, for the
latter cannot give as much happiness as the former.
• The clerk and the customer were
arguing; the former/the one stayed calm and the latter/the other
got very angry.
補充句型
Those/People + who V... + 複數動詞
= One/He + who V... + 單數動詞
（凡是……的人；……者）
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說明：who
V...為關係子句，修飾主詞People/Those/He/One，其動詞的單複數應配合主詞。
• People/Those who insult
themselves will be insulted by others.
• One/He who loves others
will be loved by others.
• He who knows others is
learned; he who knows himself is wise.（知人者為有識之人，自知者為有智之人。）
(p.68)
句型演練
A. 選填題（依句意選出適當的代名詞）
it they one ones that those
1. These
colors aren’t suitable for the curtains in my room. Please show me brighter .
2. I bought an
English-Chinese dictionary last night, but I lost this
morning.
3. The climate
of Japan is not as mild as of Taiwan.
4. The days in
summer are longer than in winter.
B. 引導式翻譯、中翻英、英翻中
1. 一看見公車起火，乘客們接連地跑下車。
Upon seeing the fire, the passengers jumped off the bus
after .
2. Sarah 愛看英文小說，特別是 Jane
Austen 寫的。
Sarah loves to read
English novels, especially by Jane Austen.
3. 我們都知道，學是一回事，教又是另一回事。
We all know that
.
4. 鄉下的空氣比都市的空氣乾淨。
*5. 助人者，人恆助之。（Those who）
6. John’s
clothing is that of a gentleman, but his speech and behavior are those of a
clown.
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*為補充句型之練習題
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