Unit 3: The Last Runner
(I)
Reading
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在我居住的小鎮,一年一度的馬拉松賽跑非常盛行。有一年,我加入馬拉松醫療團隊。我的工作就是要在救護車裡跟隨這些跑者,在他們需要的時候給予醫療協助。
有一百位跑者參與這場賽跑。「記得要開慢一點,」當我們開始往前移動時,我這樣告訴救護車駕駛,「因為我們應該要待在最後一位跑者後面。」
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[Question]What
was the narrator’s job in the race?
[Answer]
The narrator’s job ________________________________________
and
________________________________.
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[1-1] My job was
[to follow the runners in an ambulance and give them medical treatment if
they needed it].
(1) 此為不定詞片語當主詞補語的用法,用來說明主詞的內容。例:
‧Karen’s dream ___________________________ after she graduates from college.
‧Karen’s dream ___________________________ after she graduates from college.
Karen的夢想是大學畢業後出國念書。
(2)
...if they needed it.
這裡的if子句屬於直說語氣的條件子句,表示假設情況有可能發生,因在過去
時間發生,故用過去式;教師可提醒學生,此句不是與現在事實相反的假設語
氣。
[2-1] “Remember
to drive slowly,” I told the ambulance driver as we began moving
forward....
(1) remember + to V 表示「記得要……(表動作尚未發生)」,而remember + Ving
則是「記得已經……(表動作已發生過)」。例:
‧__________________________________________________________________
離開房間後記得要關燈。
‧I
remember _______________________________________________________.
我記得一個小時前看到Toby走出辦公室。
(2) as在此為連接詞,表示「當……的時候」,意義等同when或while。例:
‧________ Joan was doing her homework, her brother came home.
當Joan在做作業時,她哥哥回家了。
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當速度最快的跑者們身影消失在遠方時,我注意到一位移動非常緩慢的參賽者。我立刻就知道她會是我們的最後一位跑者。她的兩腳都向內彎曲,但是她的左膝卻往外彎。她的雙腿是如此彎曲以至於她連走路可能都有困難。參加馬拉松賽跑對她來說一定更加艱難。
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[Question]
Why would it be difficult for the last runner to run a marathon?
[Answer]
It would be difficult for her to run a marathon because ____________
____________________________________________.
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[3-1] Her legs were so
bent that it was probably difficult for her to walk.
(1) so + Adj/Adv + that...為「如此……以至於……」之意。例:
‧It
was ___________________________________________________________.
天氣是如此地冷以至於我們決定待在家。
‧Alan
studied _______________________________________________________.
Alan如此地用功以至於他在期末考取得不錯的成績。
(2) ...it was probably difficult for her
to walk.
文法一點通
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It + be + Adj + for sb + to V....
it為虛主詞,代替後面真正的主詞to V。例:
‧________________________________________________________________
每天吃早餐對學生來說很重要。
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[3-2] …run a marathon.
run/take part in a marathon為「跑/參加馬拉松」之意。例:
‧More than __________________________________________________________.
run/take part in a marathon為「跑/參加馬拉松」之意。例:
‧More than __________________________________________________________.
明天將會有超過兩千人跑馬拉松。
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當她艱難地一點一點往前進時,我跟救護車駕駛沉默又驚訝地看著。我們慢慢地開在她身後。每次她停下來,我們也會停下來,然後等她繼續前進。不久後,她成為視線所及的最後一位跑者了。我們繼續跟在她後面,而她所展現出來的強烈決心讓我感動落淚。在馬拉松賽程的最後幾英里,她有時候還是會停下來,但是又繼續用緩慢、堅定的方式向前移動。
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[Question]
How did the narrator feel when he/she watched her running?
[Answer]
The narrator watched ________ silence, and her strong determination ____________________________________.
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[4-1]
Every time she stopped, we would just stop and wait for her to
continue.
(1) every time為連接詞,表示「每次,每當」,相當於whenever之意。例:
‧__________________________________________________________________
每次Lesley感到難過,她就吃巧克力。
(2) wait for sb/sth to V表示「等待某人或某事……」。例:
‧The children are ________
excitedly ____________________________________.
孩子們正興高采烈地期待暑假的到來。
[4-2] Before
long, she was the very last runner in sight.
(1) before long = soon ,為「不久」之意。例:
‧My cousin told me he
would visit me ________ ________.
我的表哥跟我說他不久後會來拜訪我。
(2) the very後面可搭配first、last、same、own或最高級best、latest、worst等字以
加強語氣,表示「最為……,極其……」。例:
‧It is interesting that _________________________________________________.
我的好友和我的出生日期完全一樣,這真是有趣。
‧__________________________________________________________________
這些貧困的人們居住在極其惡劣的環境之下。
[5-1] (every) once in a while
= from time to
time = sometimes,表示「有時候」之意。例:
‧Peter studies in the library ________ ________ ________ ________, but he
‧Peter studies in the library ________ ________ ________ ________, but he
usually studies at home.
Peter有時候會在圖書館讀書,但他通常都在家讀書。
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幾個小時後,我們終於抵達了終點線。大部分人群早已回家。然而,就在終點線那裡站了一位仍然在等待這名最後跑者的男人。他非常驕傲地看著她。他的左手拿著紙緞帶的一端,而緞帶的另一端則是繫在柱子上。非常緩慢地,女跑者越過了終點線,像勝利的跑者一樣將緞帶截斷成兩半。
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[Question]
Who stood at the finish line?
[Answer]
A man who _________________________________________________.
He looked very ________ ________ her.
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[6-1] In his
left hand was one end of a paper ribbon, and the other end was
fastened to a post.
(1) the other表示「另一……」,當人、事、物明確只有兩者時,先提到的用one
指稱,後提到的則用the other指稱。例:
‧One
of my parents likes outdoor activities, while ________
________ just enjoys
staying at home.
我的父母其中一位喜歡戶外活動,但另一位卻只喜歡待在家。
(2) A be fastened to B表示「A被繫在B上」。例:
‧The dog that was ________
________ the tree kept barking.
那隻被繫在樹旁的狗不斷地吠。
[6-2]
...broke the ribbon into two pieces....
break sth into pieces表示「使……碎裂成片」。例:
‧George dropped
the plate and ________ it ________ several pieces.
George把盤子弄掉了,碎成好幾塊。
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我從未得知這名女子的名字,但是從那時候開始,她改變了我面對人生挑戰的態度。對她而言,這場馬拉松目的不是要在賽跑比賽中贏得第一名,而是將她開始進行的事情完成,即使它可能很艱難。現在,當我覺得事情太困難或是太費時的時候,我便會想起那位令人讚嘆的女性,那「最後一位跑者」。然後,我便了解自己的問題是多麼微不足道。
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[Question]
In the narrator’s opinion, what does the marathon mean to the last runner?
[Answer]
For her, the marathon was not about _____________________________
______________ but _______________________________.
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[7-1]
...since then, she has changed my attitude toward challenges in
life.
(1) since then為「since + 過去某個時間點」的用法,表示「從過去某個時間點持
續到現在的動作或狀態」,因此句子的時態多用現在完成式。例:
‧I met Terry five years
ago. ________ ________, we have been good friends.
我五年前見到Terry。從那時起,我們就是好朋友。
(2) attitude toward/to sth/sb意指「對於……的態度」。例:
‧__________________________________________________________________
雖然Eddie非常貧窮,但他對人生仍然抱持正面的態度。
[7-2]
about為介系詞,表示「目的是……,為了……」之意,後接名詞或動名詞。例:
‧For
me, work is not ________ making money. It is about self-worth.
對我來說,工作不是為了賺錢,是為了自我的價值。
[7-3]
It was about finishing something [that she had started]....
(1) it是指前一句提到的the marathon。
(2) that she had started為限定用法的關係子句,修飾先行詞something。要特別注意
(2) that she had started為限定用法的關係子句,修飾先行詞something。要特別注意
的是,因先行詞為不定代名詞something,故that不可用which取代。
[7-4]
...I think of that amazing woman, the “last runner.”
(1) think of為「想起,想到」之意。例:
‧I
remembered meeting that girl the other day, but ______________________ _______________.
我記得前幾天看過那個女孩,但我無法想起她的名字。
(2) the last runner為that amazing woman的同位語。
[7-5] ...I realize [how small my own problems
really are].
此為疑問詞how引導的間接問句,作realize的受詞。例:
‧__________________________________________________________________
Danny已經了解他有多麼的幸運擁有一個快樂的家庭。
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