Unit 05
adopt [ə`dɑpt] vt. 採用，收養
衍生字：adoption
[ə`dɑpʃən] n. 採用；收養 adopted [ə`dɑptɪd] a.
被領養的；adoptive [ə`dɑptɪv] a. 主動領養的
同義字：accept
[ək`sɛpt] vt. 接受 ②
The general
manager adopted my proposal without hesitation. / 總經理毫不猶豫地採用了我的提案。
John's wife is
barren, so they've decided to adopt a baby boy. / 約翰的太太不孕，因此他們決定領養一個小男嬰。＊barren [`bærən] a. 不孕的，無法生育的
比較：a
stepfather/stepmother 繼父／繼母；an adopted son/daughter 養子／養女；an adoptive father/mother 養父／養母
apart [ə`pɑrt] adv. 分開
片語：apart
from... 除了⋯ = aside from... = except for...；tell...apart 分辨出⋯的不同
Kathy and her
husband decided to live apart for a while. / 凱希和她老公決定分居一段時間。
John
occasionally goes hiking. Apart from that, he hardly has any hobbies. / 約翰偶而會健行。除此之外，他幾乎沒有什麼嗜好。
It is quite hard
to tell these ducklings apart. / 要分辨出這些小鴨間的差異相當不容易。
appeal [ə`pil]
vi. 吸引，請求，上訴（均與介詞 to 並用） n. 吸引，請求，上訴
衍生字：appealing
[ə`pilɪŋ] a. 動人的
片語：appeal
to sb 吸引某人；appeal to sb for sth 懇請某人給與某物 = appeal to
sb to V 請求某人⋯ = beg sb to V
I'm sure this
program will appeal to children of all ages. / 我相信這個節目一定可以吸引各年齡層的小朋友。
The police are
appealing to the public for any information about the robbery. / 警方懇請大眾提供與搶案相關的任何訊息。
Not satisfied
with the judge's decision,
The new variety
show has a wide appeal. / 這個新的綜藝節目非常吸引人。
I sent an appeal
to the board asking for extra funding. / 我向董事會提出請求，希望可以得到額外補助金。
The victim's
family made a public appeal for help to catch the murderer. / 受難者家屬公開訴求希望協助逮捕殺人兇手。
aside [ə`saɪd]
adv. 一旁地
片語：step
aside 站在一旁；put sth aside 將某物攔置一旁
Please step aside.
You're blocking my view. / 請站到旁邊。你擋了我的視線了。
background
[`bæk͵graʊnd] n. 背景
Because of his
background, John got the job very easily. / 由於他的背景，約翰輕易地就得到了那份工作。
延伸：family
background 家庭背景；background information 背景知識
capable [`kepəbḷ]
a. 有能力的，做得出⋯的（與 of 並用）
衍生字：capability
[͵kepə`bɪlətɪ] n. 能力 ⑥
片語：be
capable of + N/V-ing 有能力⋯的；可以⋯的 = be able to
+ 原形動詞
反義字：incapable
[ɪn`kepəbḷ] a. 無能的
The firm was not
capable of handling such a large order. = The firm was unable to handle such a
large order. / 那家公司沒有能力處理如此龐大的訂單。
Ben is capable
of any act when he's angry. / 小班生氣時什麼事都做得出來。
capital [`kæpətḷ]
n. 首都（可數），資本（不可數）a. 大寫的，死刑的
衍生字：capitalize
[`kæpətḷ͵aɪz] vt. 將⋯大寫；將⋯資本主義化；capitalist [`kæpətḷ͵ɪst] a. 資本主義的 & n. 資本主義者，資本家
We need more capital
to run this restaurant. / 我們需要更多的資本來經營這家餐廳。
All proper nouns
begin with a capital letter. / 所有的專有名詞都以大寫字母為首。
Capital
punishment is a controversial issue in many countries. / 在許多國家死刑是個爭議的議題。
用法：capitalize
亦可作不及物動詞，與 on 並用，形成下列固定片語：
capitalize on...
利用⋯ = take advantage of...
I'd like to
capitalize on this opportunity to speak to you. / 我想利用這個機會跟大家講幾句話。
consideration [kən͵sɪdə`reʃən]
n. 考慮
片語：take...into
consideration 考慮；顧及⋯ = take...into account
Further
consideration is necessary before we carry out this plan. / 在我們實施這項計劃前，必須再三考慮才行。
Before
criticizing him, you should take his inexperience into consideration. / 在批評他之前，你必須顧及他的經驗不足。
considering [kən`sɪdərɪŋ]
prep. 就⋯而論，鑑於⋯
Your father is
in great health, considering his age. / 就年紀而論，你父親算是很健康的了。
Considering how
far you've traveled, you should be tired. = In view of how far you've traveled,
you should be tired. / 鑑於你走了那麼遠的路，你應該累了。
contract [`kɑntrækt]/[kən`trækt]
n. 合約 vt. 感染
衍生字：contractor
[`kɑntræktɚ] n. 承包商 ⑥
同義字：agreement
[ə`grimənt] n. 契約 ①
The singer has
signed a five-year contract with the record company. / 這位歌手和唱片公司簽了 5 年的合約。
Nearly half of
the adult population there has contracted malaria. / 那一帶有近半數的成年人染了瘧疾。＊malaria [mə`lɛrɪə] n. 瘧疾
current [`kɝənt]
a. 當前的 n. 水流，氣流
In its current
state, the car would be worth $5,000. / 依目前車況，這輛車可值5,000 美金。
Strong ocean
currents often cause rapid and high waves. / 強勁的洋流時常引起快速且高的浪潮。
用法：current
作『水流』解時，有下列很好的譯句：
中：學如逆水行舟，不進則退。
英：Learning
things is like sailing a boat against the current; it either advances or
retreats.＊retreat [rɪ`trit] vi. 撤退
currently [`kɝəntlɪ]
adv. 當前，目前
同義字：presently
[`prɛzṇtlɪ] adv. 目前 ②
My dad is
currently working as a college professor. / 我父親目前在大學擔任教授。
decade [`dɛked]
n. 10年
The company has
been in business for two decades. / 這間公司已經營運 20 年了。
延伸：score
[skɔr] n. 20 個②；six decades ago 60 年前 = three score years ago = sixty years ago
democracy [͵də`mɑkrəsɪ] n.
民主（不可數），民主國家（可數）
反義字：tyranny
[`tɪrənɪ] n. 專制政府，暴政 ⑥
That country has
moved steadily toward true democracy. / 該國已穩定地邁向真正的民主。
Freedom of
speech is guaranteed in Western democracies. / 在西方的民主國家中，言論自由是有保障的。
democratic [͵dɛmə`krætɪk]
a. 民主的，〔美〕民主黨的（大寫）
衍生字：democrat
[`dɛmə͵kræt] n. 民主主義者；（美）民主黨員（大寫）⑤
The president
was elected through a democratic process. / 該總統是經由民主程序選出來的。
The Democratic
and Republican Parties are the two major political parties in the US. / 民主黨與共和黨是美國的兩個主要政黨。
延伸：the Democratic
Party ﹝美﹞民主黨；the Republican Party ﹝美﹞共和黨
employ [ɪm`plɔɪ]
vt. 雇用，運用
同義字：hire
[haɪr] vt. 雇用；租借 ②；apply [ə`plaɪ] vt. 運用 ②
Twenty-five
people are employed at this company. = This company employs twenty-five people.
/ 這家公司雇用了 25 個人。
Are you
presently employed? / 你目前有工作嗎？
I will employ
the new technique I learned to fix this TV. / 我將會用我學到的新技巧修理這台電視機。
employee [͵ɪmplɔɪ`i]
n. 雇員，員工
同義字：worker
[`wɝkɚ] n. 勞工；員工 ①
All employees
are covered under the insurance plan. / 這項保險計劃涵蓋了所有的員工。
employer [ɪm`plɔɪɚ]
n. 雇主，老闆
Frank worked for
the same employer for most of his life. / 法蘭克一生大部分都為同一個老闆工作。
employment [ɪm`plɔɪmənt]
n. 雇用，就業，工作（不可數），運用，採行
片語：be in
sb's employment 為某人工作
反義字：unemployment
[͵ʌnɪm`plɔɪmənt] n. 失業（不可數）⑥
It is hard for
many college graduates to find employment this year. / 今年很多大學畢業生找工作都很困難。
Is Eric still in
Mr. Wang's employment? / 艾瑞克仍在為王先生工作嗎？
The employment
of certain policies can be controversial. / 某些政策的實行可能備受爭議。＊controversial
[͵kɑntrə`vɝʃəl] a. 引起爭論的
延伸：be out
of employment 失業 = be unemployed = be jobless
enable [ɪn`ebḷ]
vt. 使能夠
片語：enable
sb to V 使某人能夠⋯
衍生字：able
[`ebḷ] a. 能夠的 ①；unable [ʌn`ebḷ] a. 無法勝任的；不會的 ①；ability [ə`bɪlətɪ] n. 能力 ①；inability [͵ɪnə`bɪlətɪ]
n. 無力；不能 ②
Knowledge
enables one to solve one's own problems.
/ 知識使人有能力自行解決難題。
engage [ɪn`gedʒ]
vt. 使訂婚 vi. 從事，忙於（與介詞 in 並用）
片語：be
engaged to sb 與某人訂婚；engage in N/V-ing 從事某事
My eldest son is
engaged to his classmate from college. / 我的大兒子和他的大學同班同學訂婚了。
The two sides
engaged in peace talks. / 雙方從事和平談判。
用法：engage 表『訂婚』時，須使用被動語態。
engagement [ɪn`gedʒmənt]
n. 訂婚，（尤指公務上的）約會
同義字：appointment
[ə`pɔɪntmənt] n.（公務或正式的）約會 ④
The couple
announced their engagement at the dinner party. / 這對情人在這場晚宴上宣布他們訂婚的決定。
Ted has an
engagement for dinner with his boss tonight. / 泰德今晚和他的上司有約吃晚飯。
escape [ə`skep] vt. vi. 逃脫，逃避 n. 逃脫，逃避
片語：escape
from + 地方 從某處逃脫
同義字：flee
[fli] vi. 逃走（三態為：flee, fled [flɛd], fled）④；avoid [ə`vɔɪd] vt. 避開 ②
However hard it
tried, the bird couldn't escape from the cage. / 無論這隻鳥多麼努力嘗試，牠仍無法掙脫鳥籠。
We were lucky to
escape being punished.
= We were lucky
to escape punishment. / 我們很幸運沒受到處罰。
fashion [`fæʃən]
n. 流行，時裝，方式 vt. 塑造
片語：be in
fashion 流行；be/go out of fashion 退流行；fashion A out of
B 用B塑造出A
Miniskirts used
to be in fashion, but they're out of fashion now. / 迷你裙以前很流行，但現在退燒了。
Fashion is
ever-changing. / 時裝不斷地在改變。
He always does
things in that fashion. / 他總是以那種方式行事。
This old man
fashioned a pipe out of clay. / 這老人用陶土捏出一根煙管。
fashionable [`fæʃənəbḷ]
a. 流行的，時髦的
衍生字：fashionably
[`fæʃənəblɪ] adv. 流行地
Don't concern
yourself merely with what's fashionable. / 不要只關心現在流行什麼。
Though old, the
woman likes to wear fashionable dresses. / 這名婦人雖有年紀，卻喜歡穿著時髦的洋裝。
延伸：old-fashioned
[͵old`fæʃənd] a. 舊式的；過時的
forth [fɔrθ]
adv. 向前，向外
片語：back
and forth 前後來回；put forth... 提出⋯；and so forth 等等，諸如此類 = and so on = and the
like = etc.
Joseph stepped
forth, inviting her to dance with him. / 喬瑟夫往前走，邀請她一起跳支舞。
There are many
novels, magazines, periodicals, and so forth. / 那裡有很多小說、雜誌和期刊等等。
He walked back
and forth, looking very impatient. / 他前後來回地走著，看來很不耐煩。
I put forth my
ideas at the meeting and to my joy, my boss accepted all of them. / 我在會中提出我的看法，令我高興的是，老闆全部接受了。
glory [`glɔrɪ]
n. 光榮，榮耀
衍生字：glorify
[`glɔrɪ͵faɪ] vt. 光耀；glorious [`glɔrɪəs] a. 光榮的 ④
The castle
reminds us of the past glory of the kingdom. / 這座城堡使我們想起該王國往日的榮耀。
honor [`ɑnɚ] n. 名譽，榮譽 vt. 尊重，給予榮譽，實踐
片語：on
one's honor 以某人的人格名譽；Your Honor 閣下（對法官、市長等的尊稱語）
衍生字：honorary
[`ɑnə͵rɛrɪ] a. 名譽上的 ⑥；honorable
[`ɑnərəbḷ] a. 可敬的，榮譽的 ④
同義字：respect
[rɪ`spɛkt] n. & vt. 敬重 ② ；prestige [prɛs`tiʒ] n. 聲望
⑥
Thomas Edison
won honor for inventing the light bulb. / 湯瑪士‧愛迪生因發明電燈泡而贏得殊榮。
We should all
honor justice. / 我們大家都應尊重司法。
I feel honored
to have the opportunity to deliver this speech to you. / 有此機會對諸位演講，本人深感榮幸。
I honored my
promise by buying my girlfriend a ring. / 我實踐了我的諾言，買了一枚戒指給我女友。
I promise you on
my honor—I won't let you down. / 我以我的人格向你保證——我不會讓你失望的。
"Yes, Your
Honor," I replied to the judge. / 我回答法官說：『是的，法官閣下。』
用法：honor 作『實踐』解時，等於 fulfill，有下列片語：honor one's promise 實踐承諾 = fulfill one's promise
motor [`motɚ] n.
馬達
衍生字：motorcycle
[`motɚ͵saɪkḷ] n. 摩托車 ②
The machine is
powered by two electric motors. / 這台機器是由兩個電動馬達提供電力的。
neighborhood
[`nebɚ͵hʊd] n. 鄰近地區
片語：in sb's
neighborhood 在某人住處附近 = near where sb lives
衍生字：neighbor
[`nebɚ] n. 鄰居 ②；neighboring [`nebərɪŋ] a. 鄰近的 ②
同義字：area
[`ɛrɪə] n. 地區 ①
There is a big
department store in my neighborhood. / 我家附近有一家大型百貨公司。
ought [ɔt] aux. 應該（與 to 並用）
同義字：should
[ʃʊd] aux. 應該 ① （ought to V 應該⋯
= should V）
You ought to
apologize to him for your rudeness.
= You should
apologize to him for you rudeness.
= You are supposed
to apologize to him for your rudeness. / 你應為你的粗魯向他道歉。
passage [`pæsɪdʒ]
n. 通道，一段（文字）
There was a dark
passage leading to a secret room. / 有一條黑暗的通道通往一間密室。
This is my
favorite passage in the book. / 這是本書中我最喜歡的一段。
用法：passage
亦可指時間的『消逝』。
With the passage
of time, the little girl has grown into a beautiful lady. / 隨著時間的消逝，這個小女孩已長大，變成了漂亮的小姐了。
pay [pe] n. 薪資
The Indonesian
girl worked long hours for a very low pay. / 那名印尼女孩工作時間很長薪資卻很低。
延伸：payday
[`pe͵de] n. 發薪日
portion [`pɔrʃən]
n. 部分
片語：a large
portion of... 大部分的⋯；a small
portion of... 少部分的⋯
A large portion
of the money will go to charity. / 這筆錢大部分要捐給慈善機構。
previous [`privɪəs]
a. 先前的
同義字：earlier
[`ɝlɪr] a. 早先的 & adv. 早先 ① former [`fɔrmɚ] a. 從前的，以前的 ②
反義字：subsequent
[`sʌbsɪ͵kwɛnt] a. 隨後的 ⑥
Do you have any
previous experience in this job? / 你之前有沒有這種工作經驗？
previously
[`privɪəslɪ] adv. 先前地，之前
同義字：beforehand
[bɪ`fɔr͵hænd] adv. 預先 ⑤
反義字：subsequently
[`sʌbsɪ͵kwɛntlɪ] adv. 隨後 ⑥
Previously we
were busy writing our essays; now we are studying for a test. / 先前我們忙著寫文章；現在我們正準備考試。
primarily [͵praɪ`mɛrəlɪ]
adv. 主要地
同義字：mainly
[`menlɪ] adv. 主要地 ②
The
receptionist's job is primarily to receive visitors and answer calls. / 櫃檯人員的工作主要就是接待訪客及接電話。
primary [`praɪ͵mɛrɪ]
a. 主要的，首要的，初級的
同義字：fundamental
[͵fʌndə`mɛntḷ] a. 主要的；根本的 ④；main [men] a. 主要的 ②
His primary
reason for coming was to meet girls. / 他來的主要原因是要見女孩子。
Many people
believe in the importance of primary education. / 許多人深信基礎教育的重要。
延伸：primary
school 小學
primary color 原色
relief [rɪ`lif]
n. 解除，減輕，救濟，救濟物資（集合名詞，不可數）
Doctors work for
the relief of their patients' suffering. / 醫生們致力解除病人們的痛苦。
A lot of relief
is being sent to the disaster area. / 許多救濟物資正被送往災區。
延伸：a
relief organization 救濟組織；relief materials 救濟物資；a lot of relief 許多救濟物資 = a lot of relief
materials
relieve [rɪ`liv]
vt. 減輕，緩和
同義字：soothe
[suð] vt. 緩和；安慰 ⑥
Aspirin will
relieve your headache. / 阿斯匹靈會減輕你的頭痛。
The government
will take steps to relieve unemployment. / 政府將採取措施來緩和失業的現象。
resource [rɪ`sɔrs
/ `risɔrs] n. 資源（常用複數）
片語：natural
resources 天然資源
衍生字：source
[sɔrs] n. 來源 ②
We must use
natural resources wisely—many of them cannot be replenished.
我們必須善用天然資源——它們有很多是無法再補充的。＊replenish [rɪ`plɛnɪʃ] vb. 補充
salary [`sælərɪ]
n. （按月發放的）薪水
How can you live
on such a small salary? / 這麼微薄的薪水你如何賴以為生？
scientific [͵saɪən`tɪfɪk]
a. 科學的，合乎科學的
衍生字：science
[`saɪəns] n. 科學；一門學問 ②
scientist [`saɪəntɪst] n. 科學家 ②
He compiled a
lot of scientific data. / 他彙編了大量的科學資料。
Hank's approach
to the matter was not very scientific. / 漢克對這個問題所採取的方法不太合乎科學。
secondary [`sɛkən͵dɛrɪ]
a. 次要的，（學校）中等教育的
片語：be secondary
to... 次於⋯
Wealth is
secondary to health for him. / 對他來說財富的重要性次於健康。
Martha teaches
geography at a secondary school. / 瑪莎在一所中學教地理。
延伸：secondary
education 中等／中學教育；primary education 基礎／小學教育 = elementary education；higher education 高等教育
significance [sɪg`nɪfəkəns]
n. 意義，重要性
片語：be of
great significance 很重要 = be of great importance = be
very important
I did not
understand the significance of his remark. / 我不懂他話中的含意。
The discovery
was of great significance to the economy. / 這項發現對經濟極具重要性。
significant [sɪg`nɪfəkənt]
a. 重要的，顯著的
衍生字：signify
[`sɪgnə͵faɪ] vt. 表示；預示 ⑥
significantly [sɪg`nɪfəkəntlɪ]
adv. 重要地，有意義地
反義字：insignificant
[͵ɪnsɪg`nɪfəkənt] 不重要的
Hard work plays
a significant role in achieving success. / 努力在獲致成功方面扮演了重要的角色。
There is a
significant difference in personality between the twin sisters. / 這對雙胞胎姐妹的個性有明顯的不同。
solid [`sɑlɪd] a. 固體的，堅固的 n. 固體
衍生字：consolidate
[kən`sɑlə͵det] vt. 鞏固；統一 &
vi. 合併 ⑥
solidarity [͵sɑlə`dærətɪ]
n. 團結 ⑥
The water froze
into a solid block of ice. / 水凝結成一團冰塊。
The desk is made
of solid wood. / 這張桌子是用堅固的木頭製成的。
Wood is a solid
while water is a liquid. / 木頭是固體，水則是液體。
比較：gas
[gæs] a. 氣體的 & n. 氣體；瓦斯， 汽油（gasoline 的縮寫）①；liquid [`lɪkwɪd] a. 液體的 & n. 液體 ②
spill [spɪl] vt.
灑出，洩密 n. 灑出物
片語：spill
out... 洩露⋯
時態：spill,
spilled/spilt, spilled/spilt
I got mad when
the careless waitress spilled coffee on my shirt. / 馬虎的女服務生把咖啡灑在我襯衫上時，我便發火了。
Tell me exactly
who spilled out the secret. / 告訴我到底是誰洩露了這個秘密。
I need some
paper to dry the coffee spill. / 我需要一些紙把濺灑出來的咖啡漬擦乾。
steep [stip] a. 陡峭的，急劇升降的
The hill was so
steep that it took us almost two hours to reach the top. / 這座山丘真陡，我們花了幾近兩個小時才爬到山頭。
The steep rise
in living costs makes life tougher. / 生活費用的急劇上升讓日子更不好過了。
tricky [`trɪkɪ]
a. 狡猾的，微妙的，難以處理的
同義字：cunning
[`kʌnɪŋ] a. 狡猾的 ④；sly [slaɪ] a. 狡猾的 ⑤；crafty [`kræftɪ] a. 狡猾的
No one likes to
deal with a tricky person. / 誰都不喜歡與狡猾的人打交道。
The teacher put
me on the spot by asking me a few tricky questions. / 老師問了我一些難以回答的問題讓我很難堪。＊put sb on the spot 讓某人出糗／下不了台
wage [`wedʒ] n. 工資（恆用複數，尤指時薪）vt. 發動（政治運動、戰爭等）
片語：wage war
on... 向⋯宣戰
The workers went
on strike in protest against low wages. / 工人發動罷工抗議工資低廉。
The government
vowed to wage war on drug trafficking. / 政府誓言向販毒宣戰。
Unit
06
afford [ə`fɔrd]
vt. 買得起，負擔得起
衍生字：affordable
[ə`fɔrdəbḷ] a. 負擔得起的
Being poor, I
can't afford to take a trip to
I can't imagine
how such a poor man could afford such an expensive car. / 我無法想像那樣窮的人竟買得起那麼貴的車。
延伸：afford 通常與can或cannot並用，形成下列片語：can
afford sth 買得起某物／有能力負擔某事物；can afford to V 有能力從事⋯
author [`ɔθɚ] n.
（某本書或文章的）作者
The author of
the novel is a very famous writer. / 這本小說的作者是位很有名的作家。
比較：writer
[`raɪtɚ] n. 作家
automobile [`ɔtəmə͵bil]
n. 汽車
I can't afford a
brand-new automobile, so I'm going to buy a used one. / 我買不起全新的汽車，因此我打算要買一台中古的。
average [`ævərɪdʒ]
a. 一般的 n. 平均
片語：On
average,... 平均而言，⋯；an average
of + 數字 平均若干⋯
The average age
of my students is fifteen. / 我的學生平均年齡是 15 歲。
On average, we
work five hours overtime each week. / 平均而言，我們一星期加班 5 小時。
Most students in
this class are of average intelligence. / 這班級大部分學生的智力都很平庸。
The workaholic
works an average of 16 hours a day. = The workaholic works 16 hours a day on
average. / 這個工作狂每天平均工作 16 小時。
benefit [`bɛnəfɪt]
n. 利益 vt. 有益於 vi. 獲益（與介詞
from 並用）
片語：benefit
from... 從⋯中獲益
衍生字：beneficial
[͵bɛnə`fɪʃəl] a. 有益的，有用的 ⑤
My trip to the
The doctor said
a long rest would benefit the patient. / 醫生說長時間休息將會有益於該病患。
Everyone will
benefit from the new road. / 那條新路會造福每個人。
combination [͵kɑmbə`neʃən]
n. 結合，聯合
This accident
resulted from a combination of errors. / 許多錯誤的結合導致了這個意外。
延伸：a
combination lock 號碼鎖
combine [kəm`baɪn]/[`kɑm͵baɪn]
vt. vi. 結合，聯合 n. 企業組合
片語：combine
A with B 將 A 與 B 結合；be combined with... 與⋯結合
His business
skills are combined with his scientific knowledge. / 他做生意的技巧結合了他的科學知識。
The two
opposition parties combined forces against the ruling party. / 那兩個反對黨聯合起來力抗執政黨。
This combine
should increase productivity. / 這個企業組合應該能增加生產力。
command [kə`mænd] vt. 命令
n. 控制，（語言）運用能力
片語：be at
the command of sb 聽候某人的差遣 = be at sb's command；have a good command of + 語言 對某種語言造詣很好
The general
commanded the troops to fire on the enemy. / 將軍下令部隊向敵軍開火。
I'll always be
at your command, darling. / 親愛的，我將永遠聽候妳的差遣。
Paul has a good
command of Spanish. / 保羅的西班牙文造詣很不錯。
commander [kə`mændɚ]
n. 指揮官
The commander
admitted defeat and decided to withdraw troops from the country. / 該指揮官承認戰敗， 並決定從該國撤軍。
confidence [`kɑnfədəns]
n. 信心
片語：have
confidence in... 對⋯有信心 lose confidence in... 對⋯失去信心
衍生字：confidential
[͵kɑnfə`dɛnʃəl] a. 機密的 ⑥
We have confidence
in the new product. / 我們對這項新產品有信心。
According to the
report, many consumers have lost confidence in online shopping. / 根據這項報告，許多消費者已對線上購物失去信心。
confident [`kɑnfədənt]
a. 有信心的
片語：be
confident of... 對⋯有信心
衍生字：confidently
[`kɑnfədəntlɪ] adv. 自信地
The ruling party
was confident of winning the upcoming election. / 執政黨有信心贏得即將到來的選舉。
constant [`kɑnstənt]
a. 持續的，穩定的
衍生字：constancy
[`kɑnstənsɪ] n. 恆久不變；忠貞不渝
The constant
noise of the machine is driving me crazy. / 機器不斷發出的噪音快把我逼瘋了。
The weather has
been constant this week. / 這星期的天氣很穩定。
constantly [`kɑnstəntlɪ]
adv. 經常地
同義字：continuously
[kən`tɪnjʊəslɪ] adv. 持續地 ④
The old woman is
constantly complaining. / 那位老婦人經常抱怨。
credit [`krɛdɪt]
n. 信譽（不可數），學分（可數） vt. 將功勞歸因於
片語：on
credit 賒帳；a credit card 信用卡
sb is credited
with sth 某事要歸因於某人的功勞 = sth is credited to sb
Buying on credit
is getting popular in
How many credits
are you planning to take this semester? / 你這學期打算修幾學分？
Mr. Wang is
credited with the success of this project. = The success of this project is
credited to Mr. Wang. / 這項計劃的成功是王先生的功勞。
define [dɪ`faɪn]
vt. 下定義，解釋
It is difficult
to define the word "love.”
/ 要為『愛』這個字去下定義是很困難的。
The rules of
conduct are clearly defined in the school handbook. / 這些行為守則在學校手冊中都有明文規定。
用法：define
A as B 將 A 定義為 B
The dictionary
defines this word as a vulgar word. / 字典把這個字定義為粗俗不雅的字。＊vulgar [`vʌlgɚ] a. 粗俗的
definition [͵dɛfə`nɪʃən]
n. 定義，（錄音、電視等的）清晰度
There are
several definitions listed under the word. / 這個字底下列有好幾個定義。
I want a TV with
better definition. / 我要一台解析度較高的電視機。
延伸：HDTV 高解像度電視／高清晰度電視／高清電視
＊HDTV 是 High Definition Television 的縮寫形。
dirt [dɝt] n. 泥土，髒東西，灰塵
I'm afraid your
sneakers need to be washed because they're covered with dirt. / 你的球鞋都是泥巴，恐怕得洗了。＊sneaker [`snikɚ] n. 膠底運動鞋；球鞋 a pair of sneakers 一雙球鞋
disease [dɪ`ziz]
n. 疾病
同義字：illness
[`ɪlnɪs] n. 疾病 ②
Mosquitoes spread
diseases such as malaria. / 蚊子會傳染像瘧疾這樣的疾病。
dramatic [drə`mætɪk]
a. 戲劇的，戲劇性的，強烈的
衍生字：drama
[`drɑmə] n. 戲劇 ②
同義字：drastic
[`dræstɪk] a. 激烈的 ⑥
Would you like
to read the dramatic piece I wrote recently? / 你想看我最近寫的這個劇本嗎？
Peter made an
impassioned and dramatic speech. / 彼得用慷慨激昂且戲劇性的口吻發表了一段話。＊impassioned [ɪm`pæʃənd] a. 慷慨激昂的
Dramatic changes
have swept
drowsy [`draʊzɪ]
a. 昏昏欲睡的
同義字：sleepy
[`slipɪ] a. 想睡的 ②
People often feel
drowsy after eating lunch. / 吃完午餐後，大家常會感到昏昏欲睡。
dust [dʌst] n. 灰塵 vt. 除去⋯的灰塵
衍生字：dusty
[` dʌstɪ] a. 滿是灰塵的 ④；duster [` dʌstɚ] a. 撢子；除塵器
There is so much
dust on the table. / 桌上有很多灰塵。
I used a feather
duster to dust the table. / 我用雞毛撢子把桌上的灰塵撢掉。
educate [`ɛdʒə͵ket]
vt. 教育，栽培
衍生字：educator
[`ɛdʒə͵ketɚ] n. 教育學家
Peter was born
in
educational [͵ɛdʒə`keʃənḷ]
a. 教育的，教育性的
衍生字：education
[͵ɛdʒə`keʃən] n. 教育 ②
The educational
system/The education system in the
The family all
watched an educational show on TV. / 這家人一同觀賞一個教育性的節目。
electric [ɪ`lɛktrɪk]
a. 電的，用電操作的
片語：electric
appliance [ɪ͵lɛktrɪk ə `plaɪənce] n. 電器 = electrical appliance
Bob got an
electric shock from the wire. / 鮑伯被電線電到了。
Life wouldn't be
so comfortable without such electric appliances as refrigerators and TV
sets. / 若沒有電視和電冰箱等電器，生活是不會那麼舒適的。
electrical [ɪ`lɛktrɪkḷ]
a. 與電有關的
Lightning is an
electrical phenomenon. / 閃電是一種電的現象。＊phenomenon [fə`nɑmə͵nɑn] n. 現象
electrician [ɪ͵
lɛk`trɪʃən] n. 電工
We'll send an
electrician to help you with the installation immediately. / 我們會立刻派一位電工協助你們完成安裝程序。
比較：technician
[tɛk`nɪʃən] n. 技術人員，技工
electricity [ɪ͵lɛk`trɪsətɪ]
n. 電，電力
This commuter
train runs on electricity. / 這班通勤列車是以電驅動的。
exchange [ɪks`tʃendʒ]
vt. 交換 n. 交換
片語：exchange
sth with sb 和某人交換某物；in exchange for... 交換⋯；exchange A for B 以A
交換B
衍生字：exchangeable
[ɪks`tʃendʒəbḷ] a. 可替換的
I love to exchange
stamps with my friends. / 我喜歡和朋友交換郵票。
Peter exchanged
his toy car for a toy gun. / 彼得用玩具車換了一把玩具槍。
I gave him a pen
in exchange for his watch. / 我用一支筆和他換一只手錶。
flesh [flɛʃ] n. （人）肉
Eating human
flesh is considered barbarous. / 吃人肉被認為很野蠻。
比較：meat
[mit] n.（可供吃的動物的）肉 ①
headquarters [`hɛd͵kwɔrtɚz]
n. 總部（單複數同形，縮寫為 HQ）
反義字：branch
[bræntʃ] n. 分部 ②
Gangsters
surrounded the police headquarters last night. / 幫派份子昨晚包圍警備總部。
mend [mɛnd] vt. 修理，修補，改正
同義字：repair
[rɪ`pɛr] vt. 修理 ③；fix [fɪks] vt. 修理 ②
The thrifty man
mends his own clothes, including torn socks. / 這個節儉的男子會修補自己的衣服，包括穿破的襪子。
Least said,
soonest mended. / 少說為妙，越描越黑。──諺語
missile [`mɪsḷ]
n. 飛彈
They will launch
the missile as scheduled. / 他們會按既定時間發射飛彈。＊launch [lɔntʃ] vt. 發射
missing [`mɪsɪŋ]
a. 失蹤的，缺的
衍生字：miss
[mɪs] vt. 想念；錯過；沒趕上 ②
The hiker was
reported missing three days ago and was found this morning. / 這名登山客於 3 天前據報失蹤，在今晨尋獲。
Several pages of
the first chapter were missing. / 第一章缺了好幾頁。
murder [`mɝdɚ]
vt. 謀殺 n. 謀殺（案）
片語：commit
murder 犯謀殺罪；commit
attempted murder 犯意圖謀殺／謀殺未遂罪
The man
committed murder and was sentenced to thirty years in prison. / 這個男子犯了殺人罪，被判 30 年有期徒刑。
Two suspects
were arrested soon after that girl was murdered. / 那個女孩遭到殺害沒多久，有兩名嫌犯就被逮了。＊suspect [`sʌspɛkt] n. 嫌犯
murderer [`mɝdərɚ]
n. 兇手
同義字：killer
[`kɪlɚ] n. 殺手 ①
The rich old man
was murdered half a year ago, and the murderer is still at large. / 那位有
muscle [`mʌsḷ]
n. 肌肉（可數）
衍生字：muscular
[`mʌskjəlɚ] a. 肌肉的 ⑤
To tone up your
muscles, you should exercise on a regular basis. / 為了鍛鍊你的肌肉，你應該規律地運動。＊tone up a muscle 強化肌肉
musical [`mjuzɪkḷ]
a. 音樂的 n. 音樂劇
衍生字：music
[`mjuzɪk] n. 音樂 ①；musician [mju`zɪʃən] n. 音樂家 ②
She showed musical
talent at an early age. / 她很小的時候就展現了音樂上的天賦。
This film was
adapted from a Broadway musical. / 這部電影改編自一齣百老匯音樂劇。
比較：opera
[`ɑpərə] n. 歌劇 ④
personality [͵pɝsṇ`ælətɪ]
n. 個性，名人
衍生字：person
[`pɝsṇ] n. 人；本人 ①；personal [`pɝsṇḷ] a. 親自的；私人的，個人的
②；personally [`pɝsṇḷɪ] adv. 親自地（= in
person）②；personnel [͵pɝsṇ`ɛl] n. 人員（集合名詞，不可數）⑤
May has a
wonderful personality. / 阿梅的個性非常好。
She invited many
theater personalities to the party. / 她邀請了許多戲劇界名人來參加這場派對。
比較：character
[`kærɪktɚ] n. 人物，角色 ②
practical
[`præktɪkḷ] a. 實際的，務實的
衍生字：practice
[`præktɪs] n. 實踐；練習；常規，習俗 ①
反義字：impractical
[ɪm`præktɪkḷ] a. 不實際的
This job calls
for at least five years of practical experience. / 這份工作需要至少 5
年的實際經驗。
Tom is a
practical person and never does things beyond his ability. / 湯姆是很務實的人，超過自己能力的事他從不會去做。
practically
[`præktɪkḷɪ] adv. 實際地
片語：Pratically
speaking,... 說得實際一點，⋯（＊practically
亦等於 almost（幾乎），修飾 all、every、any、no 等 4 個字。）
He comes here
practically every single day. / 他幾乎每一天都會來這裡。
Practically
speaking, he isn't cut out for the job. / 講得實際一點，這份工作他不能勝任。
preparation [͵prɛpə`reʃən]
n. 準備，預備
片語：in
preparation for... 以準備⋯；make
preparations for... 為⋯做準備
衍生字：prepare
[prɪ`pɛr] vt. & vi. 準備，預備 ①
Education should
be a preparation for life after graduation. / 教育應是為畢業後的人生做準備。
Many students
are studying in the library in preparation for the upcoming finals. / 許多學生正在圖書館唸書以準備即將來臨的大考。
They're making
preparations for the prince's birthday party. / 他們正在為王子生日派對的事宜做準備。
profit [`prɑfɪt] n. 利潤 vt. 對⋯有利 vi. 獲利
片語：make a
profit 獲利；profit from... 從中獲利
衍生字：profitable
[`prɑfɪtəbḷ] a. 有利的 ④
同義字：benefit
[`bɛnəfɪt] n. 利益 ③
He made a
handsome profit from the sale. / 他從這次買賣中得到可觀的利潤。
It will not profit
you at all to do such a thing. / 做這樣的事將對你毫無益處。
A wise person
profits from his mistakes. / 聰明的人會從錯誤中獲益。──諺語
reasonable [`rizṇəbḷ]
a. 合理的，講理的
衍生字：reason
[`rizṇ] n. 理由 ①
反義字：unreasonable
[ʌn`rizṇəbḷ] a. 不合理的
I bought this
piece of furniture at a reasonable price. / 我以合理的價格買了這件傢俱。
I don't think
she's being reasonable about this. / 我認為她對這件事不講道理。
reasonably [`rizṇəblɪ]
adv. 相當地，合理地
衍生字：reasoning
[`rizṇəbḷ] n. 推論
The students were
reasonably good at singing. / 這些學生相當會唱歌。
The used car was
reasonably priced. / 這輛中古車的標價很合理。
roast [rost] vt.
vi. 烤（肉）
One famous dish
from
用法：roast 亦可作名詞，當形容詞用，等於 roasted。roast/roasted beef 烤牛肉；roast/roasted chicken 烤雞肉
rocket [`rɑkɪt] n. 火箭
The scientists
launched a rocket with a communications satellite on it. / 這群科學家發射了一枚火箭，上面搭載了一顆通訊衛星。
vehicle [`viɪkḷ]
n. 車輛，任何有輪子的運載工具
The number of
motor vehicles on the roads rose by 30% last year. / 去年道路車輛的數量成長了 30%。
visible [`vɪzəbḷ]
a. 肉眼可見的，顯而易見的
反義字：invisible
[ɪn`vɪzəbḷ] a. 無形的
The building was
visible through the trees. / 從這片樹林望出去可看見那棟建築物。
There's been a
visible change in him since he started exercising. / 自從開始運動後，他有了明顯的改變。
vision [`vɪʒən]
n. 視力，影像，眼光，先見，遠見
片語：a
person of vision 有遠見的人
衍生字：visual
[`vɪʒʊəl] a. 視力的 ④
I wear glasses
to improve my vision. / 我戴眼鏡以改善我的視力。
It is said that
the children saw a vision of an angel here. / 據說這些孩子在這裡看到天使的影像。
The mayor had a
vision of changing this area into a lovely park. / 這位市長很有眼光要把這個地區改建成一座美麗的公園。
A great leader
must be a person of vision. / 偉大的領袖必須是個有遠見的人。
warn [wɔrn] vt. 警告，告誡
片語：warn sb
not to V 警告某人不要⋯ = warn sb against V-ing；warn sb of/about ... 就⋯方面警告某人
Our teacher
warned us not to cheat on the test.
= Our teacher
warned us against cheating on the test. / 老師警告我們考試不可作弊。
warning [`wɔrnɪŋ]
n. 警告
Thank you for
your timely warning. / 謝謝你適時的警告。
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