Unit 03
additional [ə`dɪʃənḷ]
a. 額外的，另加的
片語：an additional + 數字
額外若干⋯ = an extra + 數字
衍生字：add [æd] vt.
& vi. 增加 ①；addition [ə`dɪʃən] n. 增加 ②
So many children
came to the party that additional tables and chairs were required. / 參加派對的孩子太多，以致於需要備用的桌椅。
You have to pay an
additional charge for overweight baggage. / 超重的行李你必須額外付費。
Completion of this
project calls for an additional $500,000. / 要完成這項計劃另需 50 萬美元。
additionally [ə`dɪʃənḷɪ]
adv. 除此之外（= in addition）
同義字：besides [bɪ`saɪdz]
adv. 此外 ②
furthermore [`fɝðɚ͵mɔr] adv. 而且 ④
moreover [mɔr`ovɚ]
adv. 而且 ④
The rent is cheap.
Additionally, the location is perfect.
= The rent is
cheap. In addition, the location is perfect.
= The rent is
cheap. On top of that, the location is perfect.
除了房租便宜之外，地點更是棒得沒話講。
advantage [əd`væntɪdʒ]
n. 優勢，優點，益處，便利
片語：take advantage of
sb 佔某人的便宜
take advantage of
sth (to V) 利用某物（以⋯）
Bill's superior
strength gave him an advantage over his opponents.
比爾的力氣比對手大多了，因此使他佔了上風。＊opponent [ə`ponənt] n. 對手、敵手
This book has the advantage
of being easy to use. / 這本書的優點在於它很容易使用。
All students are
invited to take advantage of our student discounts. / 竭誠歡迎所有學生多加利用我們的學生折扣優待。
That dirty old man
tried to take advantage of a young girl. / 那個老色鬼企圖佔一位小女孩的便宜。
announce [ə`naʊns]
vt. 公布，宣布
同義字：declare [dɪ`klɛr]
vt. 宣告 ④；proclaim [pro`klem] vt. 聲明；表明 ⑥
John will announce
who will play the characters in the play. / 約翰會公佈該戲劇中的角色由哪些人擔綱。
Their engagement
was officially announced last June. / 他們訂婚的消息在去年 6 月正式宣佈。
announcement [ə`naʊnsmənt]
n. 公告，宣佈
片語：make an
announcement that... = announce that... 宣告⋯
The announcement of
the name of the winner will be made at three o'clock. / 這次得獎人的名單將於 3 點鐘發佈。
The politician made
a formal announcement that he would resign early next year. / 這名政治人物正式宣告明年初他將辭職。
attempt [ə`tɛmpt]
n. 企圖，嘗試 vt. 企圖，嘗試
片語：make an attempt to
V 企圖要⋯ = attempt to V；in an
attempt to V 為了要⋯ = in order to V
The suspect made
another attempt to break free. / 該名嫌犯再度試圖脫逃。
I attempted to warn
Peter of the dangers of the task, but he just wouldn't listen. = I made an
attempt to warn Peter of the dangers of the task, but he just wouldn't listen.
/ 我企圖警告彼得該任務的危險，但他根本聽不進去。
In an attempt to
beat the traffic, many people hit the road earlier. / 為了避免交通擁擠，許多人提早上路。
audience [`ɔdɪəns]
n. 觀眾（集合名詞，通常不加 s，後接複數動詞）
片語：a large audience 很多觀眾；an audience of 5,000/10,000 5千／1萬名觀眾
Because of the
rain, the audience at the concert was small. / 由於下雨的緣故，那場音樂會的觀眾很少。
The concert drew a
large audience. / 那場演唱會吸引了很多的觀眾。
延伸：audience 為集合名詞，表多寡時，應使用 large 或 small 來修飾。
many/few audiences
(×)
→ a large/small audience (○) 許多／很少觀眾
比較：spectator [`spɛktetɚ]
n. 觀眾（可數名 詞，複數需加 s）
column [`kɑləm] n. 圓柱，專欄
衍生字：columnist [`kɑləmnɪst] n. 專欄作家 ⑥
The wooden columns
are severely decayed as a result of exposure to the elements. / 由於受到風吹雨淋的關係，這些木製的柱子已經嚴重腐朽了。
Nicole writes a
weekly column for The China Post . / 妮可每星期替《中國郵報》寫專欄。
crew [kru] n. （船上或飛機上的）全體工作人員（集合名詞，不可數）
片語：a crew of 20/50 20／50位工作人員
We have twenty
crews on our ship. (×)
→We have a crew of
twenty on our ship. (○)
= We have twenty
crew members on our ship. / 我們船上一共有 20 位工作人員。
despite [dɪ`spaɪt]
prep. 儘管
同義字：in spite of... 儘管⋯ = notwithstanding...
＊notwithstanding [͵nɑtwɪθ`stændɪŋ] prep. 儘管
Despite our best
efforts, we couldn't save the dying man. = In spite of our best efforts, we
couldn't save the dying man. = Notwithstanding our best efforts, we couldn't
save the dying man.
儘管我們盡了最大的努力，還是無法挽救那位瀕臨垂死的人。
destroy [dɪs`trɔɪ]
vt. 毀壞，破壞
衍生字：destructive [dɪ`strʌktɪv]
a. 有破壞力的 ⑤
同義字：damage [`dæmɪdʒ]
n. & vt. 破壞 ②；ruin [`ruɪn] vt. 破壞
反義字：restore [rɪ`stɔr]
vt. 重建 ④
The typhoon
destroyed the whole area. / 颱風把這一帶全部摧毀了。
The bribery scandal
destroyed the politician's reputation. / 這次賄賂醜聞毀了該政客的名聲。＊bribery [`braɪbərɪ] n. 賄賂
destruction [dɪ`strʌkʃən]
n. 破壞
The destruction
caused by the earthquake was immense. / 這次地震引起的破壞很大。＊immense [ɪ`mɛns] a. 巨大的
disadvantage [͵dɪsəd`væntɪdʒ]
n. 缺點
What are the
advantages and disadvantages to/of living in the country? / 住在鄉下的利弊是什麼？
due [dju] a. 由於（與介詞 to 並用），預定的，到期的
片語：due to N/V-ing 由於⋯ = owing to N/V-ing =
because of N/V-ing = on account of N/V-ing = as a result of N/V-ing；be due to V 預定⋯ = be expected to V
Jim was absent from
work yesterday due to illness. / 吉姆昨天因生病而未來上班。
This fìlm is due to be
released next Tuesday. / 這部電影預定在下星期二上映。
This check is due
on August 31. / 這張支票
feature [`fitʃɚ] n.
特徵，特色 vt. 以⋯為主要特色
同義字：characteristic
[͵kærəktə`rɪstɪk] n. 特色 ④；trait [tret] 特色 ⑥
What are the
features of your new TV set? / 你新的電視機有什麼特色？
This book features
the beauty of nature.
= This book
highlights the beauty of nature. / 這本書以大自然的美為主題。
fund [fʌnd] n. 基金，資金（複數） vt. 提供資金
片語：raise funds for...
為⋯籌募基金
衍生字：fundraiser [`fʌnd͵rezɚ]
n. 募款人／募款機構；募款活動（如餐會）
We contributed to
the charity fund. / 我們捐款給這個慈善基金。
The hospital is
trying to raise funds for research into AIDS. / 這家醫院正設法為愛滋病研究籌募資金。
The research was
primarily funded by the government. 這項研究計畫大部分是由政府資助。＊primarily [praɪ`mɛrəlɪ] adv. 主要地
funding [`fʌndɪŋ]
n. 基金（不可數，= funds）
The school needs
more funding to carry out the teaching program. / 該校需要更多的基金來推動這項教學課程。
immoral [ɪ`mɔrəl]
a. 不道德的
同義字：wicked [`wɪkɪd]
a. 邪惡的
Taking advantage of
other people's misfortune for one's own gain is immoral. / 把自己的利益建築在別人的不幸上是不道德的。＊misfortune [mɪs`fɔrtʃən] n. 不幸
latter [`lætɚ] a. 後者的 pron. 後者（之前置 the）
反義字：former [`fɔrmɚ]
a. 前者的 & pron. 前者（之前置 the）②
The resume of the
latter interviewee was quite impressive. / 後一位面試者的履歷令人印象深刻。＊resume [͵rɛzjʊ`me] n. 簡歷表，履歷表
John and Peter are
both my friends. The former is a teacher, while the latter is a soldier. / 約翰和彼得都是我的朋友。前者是老師，後者則是軍人。
lifestyle [`laɪf͵staɪl]
n. 生活方式
The topic of the
magazine this month is living a healthy lifestyle. / 這本雜誌這個月的主題談的是如何過健康的生活方式。
manage [`mænɪdʒ]
vt. 經營，管理，設法做⋯（之後接 to 引導的不定詞片語）
片語：manage to V 設法⋯
She managed the hotel
while her father was ill. / 她父親生病時，飯店由她經營。
I'll manage to
contact you as soon as I get to
manageable [`mænɪdʒəbḷ]
a. 易處理的
The big dictionary was
not of a manageable size for a child. / 這本大字典的尺寸讓小朋友使用起來很不方便。
management [`mænɪdʒmənt]
n. 經營，管理，資方，企業高層（不可數，且多不與 the 並用）
片語：under sb's
management 在某人的管理下
The store is under
his management. / 這家店現在由他經營。
The management of
the factory was a tough job. / 管理這家工廠是個艱難的工作。
The union decided
to go on strike after management refused to give way. / 資方拒絕讓步後，工會決定罷工。
manager [`mænɪdʒɚ]
n. 經理
The manager fìred two employees
for stealing. / 經理將兩位偷竊的員工開除了。
延伸：general manager 總經理；assistant manager 副理
mission [`mɪʃən] n.
任務
片語：be on a mission 執行任務
Rumor has it that
Michael is on a secret mission in
moral [`mɔrəl] a. 教導明辨是非的，道德的 n. 寓意
衍生字：morality [mɔ`rælətɪ]
n. 道德；正義 ⑥
同義字：ethical [`ɛθɪkḷ]
a. 道德的 ⑥
The fìlm has a good moral
lesson. / 這部影片有個很好的教訓，要我們明辨是非。
He is a true and
moral man. / 他是一個真誠而有道德的人。
The moral of this
story is that money cannot buy happiness. / 這個故事的寓意就是，金錢無法買到幸福。
obvious [`ɑbvɪəs] a. 明顯的
同義字：evident [`ɛvədənt]
a. 明顯的 ④
There has been no
obvious improvement in the patient's condition. / 這位病人的情況一直沒有明顯的改善。
obviously [`ɑbvɪəslɪ] adv. 顯然地
Obviously, I am not
to blame. / 顯然地，我並沒有錯。
origin [`ɔrədʒɪn]
n. 起源，出身
衍生字：originate [ə`rɪdʒə͵net]
vi. 源於（與介詞 in 或 from 並用）；originality [ə͵rɪdʒə`nælətɪ] n. 原創性 ⑥
Word has it that
the practice of headhunting originated from that island. / 據說這種獵頭的習俗源自那個島上。
There are many
English words of Latin origin. / 英文有許多字源自拉丁文。
He tried to hide
his humble origins. / 他試圖隱瞞他卑微的出身。
original [ə`rɪdʒənḷ]
a. 原來的，原創的 n. 原著，原文
同義字：initial [ɪ`nɪʃəl]
a. 最初的 ④；innovative [`ɪno͵vetɪv] a. 創新的 ⑥
The original plan
was later changed. / 最初的計畫後來有所更動。
She has a very
original idea. / 她有一個非常有創意的點子。
Have you read the
original of the report? / 這份報告的原文你看過了沒有？
originally [ə`rɪdʒənḷɪ]
adv. 原本，最初地（起先）
同義字：in the beginning 起先
反義字：eventually [ɪ`vɛntʃʊəlɪ]
adv. 最後 ④
We're originally
from
The town was
originally quite small. / 這個鎮最初規模相當小。
react [rɪ`ækt] vi. 反應（與介詞 to 並用）
片語：react to sth 對某事物有反應
She reacted calmly
to the plaintiff 's accusation. / 她對原告的指控反應冷靜。＊plaintiff [`plentɪf] n. 原告；defendant [dɪ`fɛndənt]
n. 被告；accusation [͵ækjə`zeʃən] n. 指控
reaction [rɪ`ækʃən]
n. 反應（與介詞 to 並用）
What's Tom's
reaction to my proposal? / 湯姆對我的提議有什麼表示？
relate [rɪ`let] vt.
使相關，敘述 vi. 和⋯有關（皆與介詞 to 並用）
片語：A is related to B
A與B有關；relate to... 敘及⋯，談及⋯
衍生字：relation [rɪ`leʃən]
n. 關係；親戚，家人（= relative）②
Spanish and French
are related to Latin. / 西班牙文及法文與拉丁文有淵源。
Grandfather related
(to us) a story from his childhood. / 祖父（向我們）敘述一個他小時候的故事。
That news relates
to the problem we were just discussing. / 那個消息和我們剛才討論的問題有關。
reveal [rɪ`vil] vt. 透露，揭露
衍生字：revelation [͵rɛvḷ`eʃən] n. 揭示；披露 ⑥
反義字：conceal [kən`sil] vt. 隱瞞 ⑤
The agent was jailed for revealing secrets to the enemy. / 該名探員因洩密給敵方而入獄。
skate [sket] n. 溜冰鞋 vi. 溜冰
片語：go skating 去溜冰
I've worn out these skates. I want to buy a new pair. / 這雙溜冰鞋我穿壞了，我要買一雙新的。
Would you like to
join us in going skating this weekend? / 這個週末你要不要跟我們溜冰去？
ski [ski] n. 滑雪板 vi. 滑雪
片語：go skiing 去滑雪
That store specializes in imported skis. / 那家店專賣進口的滑雪板。
＊specialize
in... 專門從事⋯
Where will you go skiing this winter? / 今年冬天你要到哪兒去滑雪？
somehow [`sʌm͵haʊ] adv. 不知怎麼的，設法
My blind date was beautiful, but somehow I didn't fìnd
her attractive. / 我相親的對象蠻美的，不過不知怎地我發現她並不吸引我。
I know the job is difficult, but we have to finish it somehow. / 我知道這份工作很困難，但我們總得設法解決。
比較：somewhat [`sʌm͵(h)wɑt] adv. 稍微，有幾分 ③；使用 somewhat 時，該字通常置於形容詞與副詞之間，修飾該形容詞或副詞。
John is somewhat
lazy, which is why I don't like him. / 約翰有點懶，這就是為什麼我不喜歡他的原因。
He answered
somewhat nervously. / 他回答時有點緊張。
somewhat [`sʌm͵(h)wɑt] adv. 有一點
同義字：slightly [`slaɪtlɪ]
adv. 約略 ④
After working all
day, I was somewhat tired. / 工作了一天後，我有點累了。
specific [spɪ`sɪfɪk]
a. 特定的，特有的（與介詞 to 並用），明確的
片語：be specific to + 地方
是某地所獨有的
be specific
about... 強調說明⋯
衍生字：specify [`spɛsə͵faɪ]
vt. 具體指出 ⑥
同義字：particular [pɚ`tɪkjəlɚ]
a. 特定的 ②
accurate [`ækjərɪt] a. 精確的 ③
反義字：general [`dʒɛnərəl]
a. 一般的；籠統的 ①
He went there for a
specifìc
purpose. / 他到那兒去是有特定的目的。
This problem is
specifìc to big cities.
= This problem is
unique to big cities. / 這個問題是大城市所特有的。
Please be more
specifìc
about what you want. / 你要什麼請說明確一點。
specifically [spɪ`sɪfɪkḷɪ]
adv. 尤其，特別地
同義字：specially [`spɛʃəlɪ]
adv. 特別地
particularly [pɚ`tɪkjəlɚlɪ] adv. 特別地
The doctor warned
him specifìcally
not to eat eggs. / 醫生特別警告他不要吃蛋。
spite [spaɪt] n. 怨恨，恨意，儘管（用於下列片語中）
片語：in spite of... 儘管⋯（之後須接名詞或動名詞作受詞）= despite...
He vandalized those
cars out of spite. / 他因怨恨而任意破壞那些車子。＊vandalize [`vændḷ͵aɪz] vt. 任意破壞
In spite of his
dad's warning, Paul went fìshing alone. / 儘管老爸提出了警告，保羅還是獨自一個人釣魚去。
staff [stæf] n. 職員，幕僚（集合名詞，不可數）
片語：a staff of
20/500 20／500 名員工 = 20/500 staff members
Our company has a
staff of 500, working in both
structure [`strʌktʃɚ]
n. 結構，建築物
同義字：framework
[`frem͵wɝk] n. 架構 ⑤
The structure of
the poem is very complicated. / 這首詩的結構很複雜。
The monument is a
famous structure in town. / 這座紀念碑是鎮上有名的建築。
style [staɪl] n. 風格
片語：in style 風光地
衍生字：stylish [`staɪlɪʃ]
a. 時髦的，流行的 ⑤
Emma's unique style
makes her fashion designs popular around the world. / 艾瑪獨特的風格使她的時裝設計風靡全球。
The tennis player
won the championship in fìne style. / 該網球選手風光地贏得了冠軍。
suffer [`sʌfɚ] vt. 遭受，受苦
片語：suffer from... 飽受（疾病）之苦，罹患（疾病）
That company
suffered a big loss because of poor management. / 那家公司由於管理不善蒙受重大損失。
My father suffers
from diabetes. / 我爸爸患有糖尿病。＊diabetes [͵daɪə`bitis] n. 糖尿病
suffering [`sʌfərɪŋ]
n. 痛苦（不可數），痛苦的經歷（可數）
The war has caused
a lot of human suffering in this area. / 這場戰爭在該區造成人們極大的痛苦。
John is what he is
today because of his childhood sufferings. / 約翰之以有今日的成就，是因為他兒時曾吃過很多苦頭。
temperature [`tɛmp(ə)rətʃɚ]
n. 溫度，體溫
片語：take sb's temperature
量某人的體溫
The laboratory must
be kept at a constant temperature. / 這間實驗室必須保持恆溫。
The nurse took my
temperature and gave me a shot. / 護士量完我的體溫後，為我打了一針。＊give sb a shot 為某人打針 = give sb an injection。injection [ɪn`dʒɛkʃən] n. 注射
theory [`θɪərɪ] n. 學說，理論
衍生字：theoretical [͵θɪə`rɛtɪkḷ]
a. 理論的 ⑥
片語：in theory 理論上
反義字：in practice 實際上
Many scientists
believe the theory that the universe is ，getting larger. / 很多科學家相信宇宙正在變大的這個說法。
Developing a theory
and proving it are very different things. / 研發一套理論和加以證實是
Well, that sounds
good in theory, but I don't know if it will work in practice. / 嗯，那在理論上聽起來不錯，但我不知道它實際上是否可行。
tropical [`trɑpɪkḷ] a. 熱帶的
衍生字：subtropical [͵sʌb`trɑpɪkḷ] a. 亞熱帶的
I have a liking for
tropical fruits such as bananas and pineapples. / 我很喜歡香蕉和鳳梨這類的熱帶水果。
延伸：the tropical zone 熱帶地區；the subtropical zone 亞熱帶地區；the temperate
zone 溫帶地區；the frigid zone 寒帶地區＊frigid
[`frɪdʒɪd] a. 嚴寒的
unless [ʌn`lɛs]
conj. 除非
Unless you make a
reservation today, you won't get a table at that restaurant. / 除非今天去訂位要不然在那家餐廳你不會有位子坐的。
用法：unless = if not 如果不...
Unless you take my
advice, you'll be sorry.
= If you do not
take my advice, you'll be sorry.
除非你接受我的忠告，否則你會後悔。
Unit
04
admit [əd`mɪt] vt. 容許，許可，准許入場／入學，承認 vi. 承認（與介詞 to 並用）
衍生字：admission [əd`mɪʃən]
n. 入學；入場券／費；承認 ④；admittance [əd`mɪtəns] n. 進入；No Admittance 禁止進入（標語／告示）
同義字：confess [kənfɛs]
vt. & vi. 承認（作及物動詞時，以 that 子句作受詞；作不及物動詞時，之後加介詞 to，再接名詞或動名詞作受詞）④
反義字：deny [dɪ`naɪ] vt.
否認 ②
Children are not
admitted to the theater without an adult. / 沒有大人帶領的話，小朋友是不能進入那間劇院的。
This coupon admits
two people for free. / 這張優待券可供兩人免費使用。＊coupon [`kupɑn] n. 優待券
Only five percent
of the applicants are admitted to the university. / 只有百分之五的申請者獲准進入該所大學。
The politician
admitted (to) taking bribes. / 那位政客坦承受賄。
He has admitted
stealing my money. = He has admitted to stealing my money. = He has confessed
to stealing my money. / 他承認偷了我的錢。
延伸：admit 作『承認』解時，可作及物動詞或不及物動詞；作不及物動詞時，與介詞 to 並用，之後再接動名詞作受詞。
affect [ə`fɛkt] vt.
影響，（疾病）侵襲，感動，假裝
衍生字：effect [ɪ`fɛkt]
n. 影響，結果 ②；affection [ə`fɛkʃən] n. 親愛，情愛 ⑤；affectionate [ə`fɛkʃənət] a. 情深的，摯愛的 ⑥
The bad weather
affected everyone's mood. / 惡劣的天氣影響了每個人的心情。
Hepatitis is a
disease that affects the liver.
肝炎是侵害肝臟的一種疾病。＊hepatitis
[͵hɛpə`taɪtɪs] n. 肝炎
The little boy's
miserable life so affected us that we decided to adopt him. / 那個小男孩的可憐身世令我們深深感動，因此我們決定收養他。
Although he
affected indifference, it was obvious that Dad was quite angry. / 雖然老爸裝作若無其事，但顯然地，他其實很生氣。
aware [ə`wɛr] a. 知道的，察覺的（與介詞 of 並用）
片語：be aware of... 知道⋯；察覺到⋯ = be conscious of...
同義字：conscious [`kɑnʃəs] a. 察覺到的；有知覺的 ③
反義字：unaware [͵ʌnə`wɛr]
a. 未察覺到的
You should always
be aware of your surroundings. / 你隨時要了解周遭的環境。
Mary was aware of
Tom's bad intentions, so she refused to go out with him. / 瑪麗察覺出湯姆不懷好意，所以拒絕和他約會。
awareness [ə`wɛrnɪs]
n. 意識，察覺
片語：raise awareness
of/about... 喚起關於⋯的意識
同義字：consiousness [`kɑnʃəsnɪs] n. 知覺，意識 ③
environemental/political/social
awareness 環保／政治／社會意識
The government is
trying to raise public awareness about environmental protection. / 政府正設法提高民眾的環保意識。
The purpose of this
ad is to raise awareness about the importance of environmental protection. / 這則廣告的目的在喚醒人們環保的重要性。
balance [`bæləns]
n. 平衡，（戶頭）餘額 vt. 權衡 vi. 保持平衡
片語：lose one's balance
失去平衡；strike a balance between A and B 在A與B間維持平衡
衍生字：balanced [`bælənst]
a. 各方兼顧的；兼容並蓄的
反義字：imbalance [ɪm`bæləns]
n. 失衡
To lead a happy
life, you should strike a balance between work and play. / 你若想生活愉快，就應在工作及遊樂之間保持平衡。
Tim is nearly
broke. He has only NT＄
You should balance
the advantages and disadvantages before moving to the countryside. / 你搬到鄉下前應先權衡利弊。
It's not easy to
balance when you learn to ride a bike for the first time. / 你第一次學騎自行車時，保持平衡不是件易事。
being [`biɪŋ] n. 存在，生命，人，生物
片語：come into being 開始存在 = come into existence
Impressionism came
into being in the 1860s. / 印象派從 1860 年代起就出現了。
Some people still
doubt that human beings evolved from apes. / 有些人仍不相信人類是由猿類演化而來。＊evolve [ɪ`vɑlv] vi. 進化；evolve from... 從⋯進化而成；evolve into... 進化成⋯
chapter [`tʃæptɚ]
n. 篇章，分會
The last chapter of
the book was rather exciting. / 這本書的最後一章相當精采。
The local chapter
of the Lions Club meets every Tuesday. / 獅子會本地分會於每星期二會聚一次會。
用法：一篇文章稱作 article [`ɑrtɪkḷ]，若有分段，每一段落稱作 paragraph [`pærə͵græf]。一本書若分章，每一章稱作 chapter。每一節稱作 section [`sɛkʃən]。
civil [`sɪvḷ] a. 國內的，公民的，文明的，有禮的
衍生字：civilize [`sɪvə͵laɪz]
vt. 教化，使開化 ⑥；
civilized [`sɪvə͵laɪzd]
a. 文明的，開化的 ⑥
The incident led to
a civil war that lasted twenty years. / 這個事件導致了一場持續 20 年之久的內戰。
Protesters
expressed their concern about the government's recent violation of civil
rights. / 抗議群眾表達了他們對政府近日違反公民權行徑的關切。
Despite their
mutual dislike, the two men remained civil in public. / 儘管這兩個人彼此不喜歡對方，他們在公開場合仍保持禮貌。
延伸：civil rights 公民的權利（恆用複數）；a civil war 內戰
collection [kə`lɛkʃən]
n. 蒐集物
片語：a collection of...
⋯的蒐藏；a large collection of... ⋯的大量蒐藏
衍生字：collect [kə`lɛkt]
vt. 蒐集（郵票等）& vi. 集合 ②；collective
[kə`lɛktɪv] a. 共同的；集體的 ⑥；collector [kə`lɛktɚ] n. 收藏家；收稅員
⑥；recollect [͵rɛkə`lɛkt] vt. 回憶 =
recall [rɪ`kɔl]）
Bill showed us a
very fine collection of old coins. / 比爾向我們展示了非常珍貴的古錢收藏。
conclude [kən`klud]
vt. vi. 作結論，結束，斷定
片語：conclude A with B 用B將A作結論／結束；conclude
that... 斷定／論定⋯
The professor concluded his lecture with a joke. = The professor ended his
lecture with a joke. = The professor wrapped up/wound up his lecture with a
joke. / 該教授講了一個笑話便下課了。
We finally
concluded that the accident was caused by his carelessness. / 我們最後認定這次意外是他的粗心造成的。
conclusion [kən`kluʒən]
n. 結束，結論
片語：come to a/the
conclusion 得到結論 = reach a/the conclusion；In conclusion,... 總之，⋯ = To sum up,...
Mr. Williams
thanked his audience at the conclusion of his speech. / 威廉斯先生在演講結束時向聽眾表示謝意。
The committee came
to the conclusion that the plan was not feasible. / 該委員會得到的結論是這個計劃不可行。＊feasible
[`fizəbḷ] a. 可行的
In conclusion, he
is a man you can count on. / 總之，他是個你可信賴的人。
connect [kə`nɛkt]
vt. vi. 連結，關聯
片語：connect A with B 將A與B聯想在一起 = associate
A with B；connect A to B 將A與B 連，使A與B有關聯
The railway
connects Paris and Nice. / 這條鐵路連接巴黎和尼斯。
Whenever I see that
handsome young man, I connect him with my ex-boyfriend. / 我每次見到那位大帥哥就聯想到我前男友。
There is no
evidence to connect him to the murder. / 沒有證據顯示他和這樁謀殺案有關。
connection [kə`nɛkʃən]
n. 關係，關聯
片語：have a connection
with... 和⋯有關係
Do you have any
connection with the Mafia? / 你和黑手黨有什麼關係嗎？
considerable [kən`sɪdərəbḷ]
a. 相當大的
衍生字：consider [kən`sɪdɚ]
vt. & vi. 衡量；考慮 ②
The rice crop
suffered considerable damage as a result of the typhoon. / 由於這場颱風，稻米作物遭受相當大的損失。
比較：considerate [kən`sɪdərɪt]
a. 體貼的 ⑤
considerably [kən`sɪdərəblɪ]
adv. 相當大地，頗為
同義字：significantly [sɪg`nɪfəkəntlɪ]
adv. 重大地 greatly
[gretlɪ] adv. 大大地 ①
反義字：slightly [`slaɪtlɪ]
adv. 約略地 ④
The design of the car
was considerably modified. / 這輛車的設計被大幅修改。
edit [`ɛdɪt] vt. 編輯
片語：edit sth for
publication 編輯某物以供出版
Tom edited the
manuscripts for publication. / 湯姆編輯這些手稿準備出版。
edition [ɪ`dɪʃən]
n. 版本
This is the first
edition of this book. / 這是這本書的第一版。
editor [`ɛdɪtɚ] n. 編者，編輯
衍生字：editorial [͵ɛdə`tɔrɪəl]
n.（報紙的）社論 & a. 編輯上的 ⑥；editor-in-chief
總編輯
Bill is the
editor-in-chief of that magazine. / 比爾是那本雜誌的總編輯。
election [ɪ`lɛkʃən]
n. 選舉
衍生字：elect [ɪ`lɛkt]
vt. 選舉 ②
The election
results will be broadcast tomorrow morning. / 這次的選舉結果將於明晨廣播。
elective [ɪ`lɛktɪv]
a. 選舉的 n. 選修科目
同義字：option [`ɑpʃən] n. 選修科目 ⑥
The mayor is an
elective official. / 市長是經由選舉產生的官員。
Peter took art as
an elective in college. / 彼得大學時曾選修藝術。
existence [ɪg`zɪstəns]
n. 生存，存在
衍生字：exist [ɪg`zɪst]
vi. 生存；存在 ②
片語：come into
existence 誕生；問世 = come into being、in existence 現存的
Those colonists had
to struggle hard for existence. / 那些殖民者必須為生存而艱苦奮鬥。
Tell me exactly
when the first radio came into existence. / 告訴我第一台收音機到底是何時問世的。
This is the oldest
building in existence in our town. / 這是我們鎮上現存最古老的建築物。
expense [ɪk`spɛns]
n. 花費，費用，代價
片語：at sb's expense 花某人的錢；at the expense of... 以⋯為代價，犧牲⋯ = at the cost of... = at the sacrifice of...
衍生字：expensive [ɪk`spɛnsɪv]
a. 昂貴的 ②； expend [ɪk`spɛnd] vt. 花費 ⑥；expenditure [ɪk`spɛndɪtʃɚ] n. 支出，費用 ⑥
The official
travels at public expense. / 這位官員用公家的錢出國旅行。
Taxi drivers often
drive fast at the expense of safety. / 計程車司機經常不顧安全開快車。
experiment [ɪk`spɛrəmənt]
n. 實驗，試驗 vi. 實驗，試驗
片語：conduct/perform/carry
out/do an experiment 做實驗；experiment on sth 對某物作實驗；experiment with sth 用某物作實驗
衍生字：experimentation [ɪk͵spɛrəmɛn`teʃən]
n. 實驗（不可數）⑥
The product is the
result of long experiments. / 這個產品是長期實驗的結果。
The group opposed
any experiments on living animals. / 該團體反對用動物活體做任何的實驗。
Some researchers
were experimenting on the rabbits. / 一些研究人員正在對那些兔子做實驗。
This time I'll
experiment with a different chemical. / 這次我要用不同的化學藥劑做實驗。
experimental [ɪk͵spɛrə`mɛntḷ]
a. 實驗性的
衍生字：trial [`traɪəl]
a. 試驗的 ②
The project is
still in its experimental stages and won't be put in practice until a year
later. / 該計劃仍處於實驗階段，要到 1 年後才會付諸實施。
expression [ɪk`sprɛʃən]
n. 表達，表情，用語
衍生字：express [ɪk`sprɛs]
vt. 表達 ②
Laughter is an
expression of happiness. / 笑是一種快樂的表現。
He had an expression
of anger on his face. / 他臉上帶著生氣的表情。
My grandmother knew
many funny old expressions in French. / 我祖母知道許多古怪的法文古老用語。
expressive [ɪk`sprɛsɪv]
a. 表示的，善於表達的
片語：be expressive
of... 表示⋯
A baby's cry can be
expressive of hunger. / 嬰兒哭鬧可能表示他／她餓了。
Todd is not a very
expressive person. / 陶德不是個善於表達的人。
faith [feθ] n. 信心，信任
片語：have faith in ... 對⋯有信心 = have trust in... = have belief in...
同義字：assurance [ə`ʃʊrəns]
n. 信心；保證 ④
belief [bɪ`lif] n. 相信 ②；trust [trʌst] n. 相信
②
I have faith in
your honesty. / 我信任你的誠實。
faithful [`feθfəl]
a. 忠實的，守信的
片語：be faithful to sb 對某人忠實 = be loyal to sb = be true to sb
同義字：honest [`ɑnɪst] a. 誠實的 ②；loyal [`lɔɪəl] a. 忠誠的，忠心的
④
You are supposed to
be faithful to your spouse once you get married. / 一旦結婚後就應當對配偶忠實。
Judy was always
faithful to her word. / 茱蒂總是言出必行。＊此處 word 表『承諾』，是不可數名詞。
familiar [fə`mɪljɚ] a. 熟悉的
片語：be familiar
with... 熟悉⋯
衍生字：family [`fæməlɪ]
n. 家庭 & a. 家庭的 ①
familiarity [fə͵mɪlɪ`ærətɪ]
n. 親密；熟悉 ⑥ unfamiliar [͵ʌnfə`mɪljɚ] a. 不熟悉，生疏
Are you familiar
with my boss? / 你和我老闆熟嗎？
The story is
familiar to most students in
frequent [`frikwənt]
a. 經常的
Nick is a frequent
visitor to our house. / 尼克是我們家的常客。
frequently [`frikwəntlɪ]
adv. 經常地
衍生字：frequency [`frikwənsɪ]
n. 頻率 ④
Mary frequently
shows up late for work. / 瑪麗上班經常遲到。
gesture [`dʒɛstʃɚ]
n. 手勢
The foreigner used
gestures to convey his idea. / 這名外國人使用手勢傳達他的意思。
governor [`gʌvɚnɚ]
n. 州長，省長
衍生字：govern [`gʌvɚn]
vt. 統治；控制 ②
government [`gʌvɚnmənt] n. 政府 ②
The governor of the
state is said to have been involved in the scandal. / 據傳該州州長涉及此一醜聞。
inform [ɪn`fɔrm]
vt. 通知，告知
片語：inform sb of sth 通知某人某事；keep sb informed of/about sth 將某事隨時通告某人
Please inform us of
any change of schedule. / 若排程表有異動請告知我們。
Please keep me
informed about what you're doing. / 你們正在做什麼事，請隨時讓我知道。
justice [`dʒʌstɪs]
n. 公道，正義，司法審判
片語：do sb/sth justice 為某人／某事說公道話；公平對待某人／某事
衍生字：just [dʒʌst] a. 公平的
①；justify [`dʒʌstə͵faɪ] vt. 為⋯辯護；證明⋯是有道理的／正當的 ⑤；justification [͵dʒʌstəfə`keʃən]
n. 理由；正當化 ⑥；bring sb to justice 使某人受審
A good judge should
have a sense of justice. / 好法官應有正義感。
To do him justice,
we must admit that he meant no harm. / 為他說句公道話，我們必須承認他無意傷害任何人。
Sheila's playing
didn't do Beethoven's music justice. / 席拉的演奏未能呈現貝多芬音樂的原貌。
The murderer must
be arrested and brought to justice. / 這個兇手必須被逮捕並繩之以法。
occasion [ə`keʒən]
n. 特殊的大事
片語：on occasion 偶爾
This wedding is a
great occasion. / 這場婚禮是一件大事。
On occasion, I go
to see a movie alone. = Occasionally, I go to see a movie alone. / 偶而，我會一個人去看電影。
用法：occasion 亦表『場合』，亦與介詞 on 並用。
Behave yourself on
formal occasions. / 在正式場合你要守規律。
occasional [ə`keʒənḷ]
a. 偶爾的
同義字：irregular [ɪ`rɛgjəlɚ]
a. 不常的 ②
反義字：regular [`rɛgjəlɚ]
a. 經常的；定期的 ②
Irene takes
occasional trips to
occasionally [ə`keʒənḷɪ]
adv. 偶爾
同義字：sometimes [`sʌm͵taɪmz]
adv. 有時 ①
Our grandparents
visit us occasionally. = Our grandparents visit us on occasion. = Our
grandparents visit us sometimes. = Our grandparents visit us from time to time.
= Our grandparents visit us at times. = Our grandparents visit us once in a
while. / 我們的祖父母偶爾會來看我們。
pretend [prɪ`tɛnd]
vt. 假裝
片語：pretend + that 子句
假裝⋯ = make believe + that 子句；pretend
to V 假裝要⋯
Mary has broken up
with John, but he pretends that nothing has happened. / 瑪麗和約翰分手了，但約翰假裝什麼事都沒發生。
When I passed by, Peter
pretended not to see me. / 我走過時，彼得假裝沒看到我。
proper [`prɑpɚ] a. 合宜的，適當的，得體的
衍生字：suitable [`sutəbḷ]
a. 適合的；得體的
adequate [`ædəkwɪt] a. 適當的
I couldn't think of
proper words to say. / 我想不出有什麼適當的話可說。
Obviously the team
lacks proper training. / 顯然這支隊伍缺乏適當的訓練。
It is not proper to
arrive late for a dinner party. / 參加晚宴遲到是不得體的。
properly [`prɑpɚlɪ] adv. 正確地，適當地
衍生字：suitably [`sutəblɪ]
adv. 適當地 ④
adequately [`ædəkwɪtlɪ] adv. 適當地 ④
If you do it
properly the first time, you don't have to do it again. / 如果你一次就把這件事做好，就不用再做一次了。
A spider can't properly
be called an insect. / 把蜘蛛稱為昆蟲並不恰當。
replace [rɪ`ples]
vt. 取代
片語：replace A with B 以B取代A，把A換成B
衍生字：replaceable [rɪ`plesəbḷ]
a. 可取代的
I'm considering
replacing my old PC with a notebook. / 我正考慮把舊的個人電腦換成一台新的筆記型電腦。
replacement [rɪ`plesment]
n. 替代人選，替代品
同義字：substitute [`sʌbstə͵tjut]
n. 代替者 ⑤
We need a
replacement for the typist who left last week. / 我們需要一個人來接替上週離職的打字員。
scarecrow [`skɛr͵kro]
n. 稻草人
Farmers use
scarecrows to scare away birds and keep their crops. / 農夫利用稻草人把鳥嚇走，以保護他們的作物。
scary [`skɛrɪ] a. 可怕的
片語：be scared of... 害怕⋯ = be afraid of...
The scary scene of
the accident shocked all of us. / 這起意外的可怕景象讓我們大家都感震驚。
比較：scared [skɛrd] a. 感到害怕的 = afraid [ə`fred]
security [sɪ`kjʊrətɪ]
n. 安全
衍生字：secure [sɪ`kjʊr]
a. 安全的 & vt. 獲得 ⑤
secure/get a job 獲得一份工作
Many workers see
the policy as a major threat to their job security. / 許多員工都認為這項政策是他們工作保障的一大威脅。
sex [sɛks] n. 性別，性
What is the sex of
the new puppy you got? / 你新買的小狗性別是什麼？
Some people believe
they shouldn't have sex until they get married. / 有人認為要結婚後才能做愛。
sexual [`sɛkʃʊəl]
a. 性的，性別的
Parents and school
teachers should teach kids how to deal with sexual harassment. / 家長和學校老師應該教導孩童如何處理性騷擾。
We do not tolerate
any sexual discrimination in this office. / 這間辦公室內不允許任何的性別歧視。
延伸：sexual harrassment
性騷擾（＊harrassment [hə`ræsmənt] n. 騷擾）；sexual discrimination 性別歧視（＊discrimination
[dɪ͵skrɪmə`neʃən] n. 歧視）
sexy [`sɛksɪ] a. 性感的
The female
assistant beside the magician looks sexy. / 魔術師身旁的女助理看起來好性感。
signal [`sɪgnḷ] n. 號誌，信號 vt. 發出信號
片語：signal sb to V 向某人打手勢，要某人⋯
衍生字：sign [saɪn] n. 表示；信號 & vt. 簽署 & vi. 簽名 ②
signature [`sɪgnətʃɚ]
n. 簽訂；簽名 ④
You must obey the
traffic signals. / 你必須遵守交通號誌。
The referee gave
the signal to stop. / 裁判做出停止的手勢。
The traffic cop
signaled us to pull over. / 交通警察對我們打手勢要我們靠邊停車。
skyscraper [`skaɪ͵skrepɚ]
n. 摩天高樓
片語：a high-rise
building 高聳的大樓
Almost all big
cities have skyscrapers. / 凡乎各大都市都有摩天大樓。
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