advice [əd`vaɪs]
n. 勸告，忠告，建議（不可數）
Can you give me
an advice? (X)
→ Can you
give me a piece of advice? (○) 你可以給我一個建議嗎？
延伸：an
advice (X) → a piece of advice (○) 一個建議 = a suggestion；some advice (○) 一些建議
= some suggestions
advise [əd`vaɪz]
vt. 勸告，忠告，通知
The doctor
advised Grandfather not to climb too many stairs. / 醫生建議祖父別爬太多樓梯。
Travelers have
been advised that they should avoid going out alone after dark. / 遊客們已被告知天黑後要避免單獨外出。
用法：advise
sb to v 勸某人從事⋯；advise sb not to
V 勸某人不要從事⋯
adviser [əd`vaɪzɚ]
n. 顧問（= advisor）
I think you need
a financial adviser to help you plan your investments. / 我想你需要一位理財顧問來幫助你規劃你的投資。
alley [`ælɪ] n. 巷
A car got stuck
in the narrow alley. / 有輛車困在這條窄巷裡。
attract [ə`trækt]
vt. 吸引，引起（某人的）注意或興趣
片語：be
attracted to/by... 對⋯著迷，被⋯深深吸引；attract attention from... 吸引⋯的注意力 = draw attention from...
I must admit that
I'm very attracted to her. / 我必須承認我對她十分著迷。
The new policy
attracted attention from minorities. / 這項新政策引起弱勢族群的關切。
attraction [ə`trækʃən]
n. 吸引力，誘惑，吸引人的事物
Wealth and fame
hold no attraction for Tom. / 名利對湯姆毫無吸引力。
Chris could
barely conceal his attraction to Melody. / 克里斯很難隱藏自己對美樂蒂的愛戀。
Her greatest attraction
for me is her lips. / 她對我最大的誘惑是她的雙唇。
Our main attraction
tonight is lady mud wrestling. / 我們今晚的重頭戲是女子泥漿摔角。
延伸：a
tourist attraction 觀光勝地
attractive [ə`træktɪv]
a. 誘人的，有吸引力的
衍生字：charming
[`tʃɑrmɪŋ] a. 迷人的 ③；appealing [ə`pilɪŋ] a. 吸引人的
Unlike her
sister, Liz was extremely attractive. / 和她姊姊不同的是，莉絲十分嫵媚動人。
I find the idea
of rail travel attractive. / 我發覺鐵道旅遊的構想頗具吸引力。
avenue [`ævə͵nju]
n. 大道，方法
片語：explore
every avenue 遍尋各種方法
They established
a branch office on
They explored
every avenue to find a cure for the disease. / 他們試了各種方法，要找到這個疾病的療方。
chain [tʃen] n. 鍊子，連鎖店 vt.
用鐵鍊鎖住
片語：a chain
smoker 癮君子，老煙槍；be
chained to... 被鎖在⋯⋯之上
同義字：link
[lɪŋk] n. 環節 & vt. 連接 ②
Bill wears a
gold chain around his neck. / 比爾的脖子上掛了條金鍊子。
The ice cream
parlor around the corner is part of a 10-location chain in this city. / 轉角附近的那家冰淇淋店是本市某個有 10 家店面的連鎖店其中的一家。
Jim is a chain
smoker. He smokes one cigarette right after another. / 吉姆是個癮君子。他煙一根接著一根抽。
The dog is
chained to the tree. / 狗被用鍊子拴在那棵樹。
conversation [͵kɑnvɚ`seʃən]
n. （兩人以上的）對話
片語：strike
up a conversation with sb 與某人打開話匣子，開啟一個話題
同義字：dialogue/dialog
[`daɪə͵lɔg] n.（兩人的）對話 ③
You can strike
up a conversation with people by talking about the weather. / 你可以從談論天氣與人打開話題。
crisp [krɪsp]
a. 脆的，涼爽的
反義字：humid
[hjumɪd] a. 潮濕的 ②
These crackers
are crisp and tasty. / 這些餅乾又脆又好吃。
I like to live
in the country because of the crisp weather there. / 我喜歡住在鄉下因為那兒的天氣涼爽。
用法：本字亦可寫成
crispy [`krɪspɪ] ，意思相同。
crunchy [`krʌntʃɪ]
a. 清脆的
衍生字：crunch
[`krʌntʃ] vt. 清脆的咬嚼 ⑤
This kind of
fruit is very sweet and crunchy. / 這種水果很甜也很脆。
dialogue [`daɪə͵lɔg]
n. （兩人的）對話
Simply reading
the dialogue is not enough. You should act it out. / 光唸對話是沒用的。你應該把它表演出來才對。
延伸：monologue
[`mɑnḷ͵ɔg] n. 獨白
empty [`ɛmptɪ]
a. 空的 vt. 使變空 vi. 注入（大海）
片語：empty
into the sea 注入大海
反義字：full
[fʊl] a. 滿的 ①
The gambler returned
home from the casino empty-handed as usual. / 這個賭徒和往常一樣兩手空空地從賭場回來。
I was shocked to
find that my room was emptied by burglars. / 我看到竊賊把房間洗劫一空，嚇了一跳。
The Mississippi
River empties into the
延伸：empty-handed
[͵ɛmptɪ`hændɪd] 空手的
external [ɪks`tɝnḷ] a. 外部的
同義字：outer [`aʊtɚ] a. 外在的；外面的 ③
This ointment is for external use only. / 這種軟膏只可外用。＊ointiment [`ɔɪntmənt] n. 軟膏，藥膏
file [faɪl] n. 檔案 vt. 歸檔，提出
片語：keep...on file 將⋯建立檔案；file a lawsuit (against sb) （對某人）提出訴狀，（和某人）打官司
John, would you keep this on file for me? / 約翰，你可以幫我把這個建檔嗎？
Please file these documents in that folder. / 請把這些文件歸檔在那個卷宗夾內。
Frank filed a lawsuit against the doctor who used illegal drugs. / 法蘭克要對那個使用禁藥的醫生提出告訴。
folk [fok] n. 人們（可使用 folk 或 folks，均作複數，等於 people），雙親／親戚（使用 folks，等於 parents）
The folk(s) in this
part of the country are generally farmers and factory workers. / 國內這一帶的居民多半是農民和工廠勞工。
My folks are
coming to see me today. / 我爸媽今天會來看我。
glance [glæns]
vi. 瞥視 n. 一瞥
片語：glance
at... 瞥視⋯ = take a glance at...；at first glance 乍看之下
I glanced at the
girl one more time before I left. / 我對那個女孩子匆匆再看了一眼便離開了。
At first glance,
the painting was average. But the more I looked at it, the more I liked it. / 乍看之下，這幅畫沒啥了不起。不過，我愈看則愈愛。
gradual [`grædʒʊəl]
a. 逐漸的
The growth of a
child into an adult is gradual. / 小孩是逐漸長大成人的。
gradually [`grædʒʊəlɪ]
adv. 逐漸地
反義字：suddenly
[`sʌdənlɪ] adv. 突然間 ②
The patient's
condition gradually improved. / 病人的狀況漸漸有了起色。
heaven [`hɛvən]
n. 天堂（不與 the 並用）
同義字：paradise
[`pærə͵daɪs] n. 天堂 ③
Good people will
go to heaven after they die. / 好人死後會到天堂去。
Heaven's
vengeance is slow but sure. 法網恢恢，疏而不漏。──諺語＊vengeance [`vɛndʒəns]
n. 報仇
hell [hɛl] n. 地獄（不與 the 並用）
Bad people go to
hell after they die. / 壞人死後會下地獄。
historian [hɪs`tɔrɪən]
n. 歷史學家
This historian
wrote a book, revealing the mysteries of the dynasty. / 這位歷史學家寫了一本書，揭開該朝代神秘的面紗。
historic [hɪs`tɔrɪk]
a. 有歷史性的，歷史上著名的
This invention
is of historical significance. / 這件發明具有歷史性的意義。
It was on this
historic spot that the battle was fought. / 那場戰役就是在這歷史上很著名的地方開打的。
用法：由於
historical 與 historic 意思接近，不少英美人士已將這兩個字混用。
be of historical
significance 有歷史性的意義 = be of historic significance
historical [hɪs`tɔrɪkḷ]
a. 與歷史有關的
I don't enjoy
historical novels; I like modern short stories instead. / 我不喜歡歷史小說，我倒喜歡現代短篇小說。
historically [hɪs`tɔrɪkḷɪ]
adv. 歷史上
Historically,
the party was opposed to monarchy.
歷史上，該政黨一直反對君主政治。＊monarchy [`mɑnɚkɪ] n. 君主政治
hollow [`hɑlo] a. 中空的
反義字：solid
[`sɑlɪd] a. 實心的；固體的 & n. 固體
③
Bamboo is light
because it is hollow. / 竹子因為是中空的所以很輕。
inner [`ɪnɚ] a. 內部的，內心的
片語：the
inner circle 核心集團；內圈人士
Beauty is only
skin deep. It is inner beauty that counts. / 美貌是膚淺的。重要的是內在美。
They believe the
religious faith can bring them inner peace. / 他們相信這個宗教信仰能帶給他們內心的平靜。
One figure in
the dictator's inner circle was executed this morning. / 該獨裁者身邊的核心人士其中一位今晨遭到處決了。＊dictator [dɪk`tetɚ] n. 獨裁者＊execute [`ɛksɪ͵kjut]
vt. 處死
internal [ɪn`tɝnḷ]
a. 內部的
同義字：inner
[`ɪnɚ] a. 內部的；內心的 ③
These inspectors
decided to examine the corpse's internal organs. / 這些探員決定開驗這具屍體的內臟。＊corpse [kɔrps] n. 屍體
necessity [nə`sɛsə͵tɪ]
n. 需要（不可數），必需品（可數）
衍生字：necessary
[`nɛsə͵sɛrɪ] a. 必須的；不可避免的 ②
necessarily [`nɛsə͵sɛrəlɪ]
adv. 必然的
②；unnecessary [ʌn`nɛsə͵sɛrɪ] a. 不必要的 ①
Necessity is the
mother of invention. / 需要為發明之母。──格言
Water is a basic
necessity of life. / 水是生命中不可或缺的基本要素。
延伸：basic
necessities 生活必需品
Most families
ran out of basic necessities during the natural disaster. / 在這場天災期間，多數家庭耗盡了他們的生活必需品。
outer [`aʊtɚ] a.
外在的，外面的
片語：in
outer space 在外太空；in space 在太空
Some people
believe that there are intelligent beings like mankind in outer space. / 有些人相信，在外太空有像人類一樣會智慧型生物。
paradise [`pærə͵daɪs]
n. 天堂（= heaven），樂園
They say
peep [pip] vi. 偷看
片語：peep
at... 偷看⋯
Stop peeping at
me like that. It embarrasses me. / 不要那樣偷看我嘛。這令我怪難為情的。
pilot [`paɪlət]
n. 飛行員，舵手，嚮導 vt. 駕駛（飛機）
片語：pilot a
plane 開飛機 = fly a plane （不可說：drive
a plane）
衍生字：copilot
[`ko͵paɪlət] n. 副駕駛員
Brian is a
licensed pilot and owns his own plane. /
布萊恩是位有執照的飛行駕駛，而且還有一架私人飛機。
I can drive a
car and pilot a plane. / 我會開車也會開飛機。
proposal [prə`pozḷ]
n. 提議，建議，求婚
片語：approve/reject
a proposal 贊成／反對某項提議
衍生字：propose
[prə`poz] vt. 計劃；建議 & vi. 求婚（與介詞 to 並用）②
proposition [͵prɑpə`zɪʃən]
n. 提議 ⑥
The proposal to
close the hospital was rejected. / 關閉這家醫院的提議被否決了。
Eve was thinking
how to decline David's marriage proposal. / 伊芙在想該怎麼婉拒大衛的求婚。
remind [rɪ`maɪnd]
vt. 提醒，使想起
片語：remind
sb of sth/sb 使某人想起某事物／某人；remind sb to V 提醒某人要⋯
衍生字：reminder
[rɪ`maɪndɚ] n. 提醒物；提示；令人回憶之物 ⑤
The lullaby
reminds me of my childhood. / 這首搖籃曲使我想起我的童年。
Please remind me
to call Jason at seven. / 請提醒我 7 點時打電話給傑森。
sensible [`sɛnsəbḷ]
a. 明智的，顯著的
That's a sensible
approach to the problem. / 那是一個解決問題的明智辦法。
There's a
sensible difference between red and blue. / 紅色和藍色之間有顯著的差別。
sensitive [`sɛnsətɪv]
a. 敏感的
片語：be
sensitive to/about sth 對某事物很敏感
衍生字：sense
[sɛns] n. 感覺 & vt. 察覺 ①；sensitivity
[͵sɛnsə`tɪvətɪ] n. 靈敏；感性；靈敏度 ⑤；sensory [`sɛnsərɪ] a. 感覺的，知覺的
④；insensible [ɪn`sɛnsəbḷ] a. 失去意識的；sensation
[sɛn`seʃən] n. 感覺；轟動 ⑤
反義字：insensitive
[ɪn`sɛnsətɪv] a. 遲鈍的
John is
sensitive to others' remarks. / 約翰對別人的話很敏感。
Don't mention
his missing dog—he's very sensitive about that. / 不要提到他走失的狗——他對那件事非常敏感。
slave [slev] n. 奴隸（與介詞 to 並用）
片語：be a
slave to... 被⋯所奴役 = be enslaved
by...
衍生字：slavery
[`slevərɪ] n. 奴隸制度 ⑥；enslave [ɪn`slev] vt. 奴役
Peter is a slave
to his work and often works himself to exhaustion. / 彼得是工作的奴隸，常工作到筋疲力盡。
I feel sorry for
John because he is a slave to money. = I feel sorry for John because he is
enslaved by money. / 我為約翰感到難過，因為他是金錢的奴隸。
stare [stɛr] vi.
凝視，瞪視（與介詞 at 並用）
片語：stare
at... 凝視著⋯
Why are you
staring at me, John? Is there something wrong with me? / 約翰，你為什麼這樣瞪著我？我有什麼不對勁嗎？
sufficient [sə`fɪʃənt]
a. 充分的，足夠的
片語：be
sufficient for sth 足以應付對某事
衍生字：sufficiency
[sə`fɪʃənsɪ] n. 充足
同義字：enough
[ɪ`nʌf] a. 充分的，足夠的
反義字：insufficient
[͵ɪnsə`fɪʃənt] a. 不足的
Those poor
children do not have sufficient food for the winter. / 那些窮孩子沒有足夠的食物過冬。
This sum will be
sufficient for our living expenses. / 這筆金額將足夠應付我們的生活開銷。
sufficiently [sə`fɪʃəntlɪ]
adv. 充分地，足夠地
Is your home sufficiently
insured against fire? / 你家有投保足夠的火險嗎？
This room is
sufficiently large. / 這個房間夠大了。
sum [sʌm] n. 合計，總額，數目，金額 vt. 概述
片語：To sum
up,... 總之，⋯ = In sum,...；a
large/small sum of money 巨額／小額金錢
54 is the sum of
17, 18 and 19. / 17、18和19合計是54。
Harry has a
large sum of money in a bank account in
To sum up, the
plan to raise taxes is a terrible idea. / 總之，這項增稅計劃是個很差勁的想法。
summarize [`sʌməraɪz]
vt. 摘要，摘錄大意
Some of the
students merely summarized the books they had read instead of writing a real
review. / 有些學生只是把他們讀過的書摘錄大意而不是寫下真正的心得。
summary [`sʌmərɪ]
n. 概述，概要
片語：In
summary,... 概括來說，⋯ = In sum,...
Please give me a
summary of what was decided at the meeting. / 請就會議的決議事項給我一個概述。
In summary, the
meeting last Friday was quite fruitful. / 概括來說，上星期五的會議成果豐碩。
threat [θrɛt] n.
威脅，恐嚇，惡兆，兆頭
片語：pose a
threat to... 對⋯構成威脅
Poverty is a
threat to society. / 貧困對社會是一種威脅。
Global warming
is posing a threat to human survival. / 全球升溫對人類的生存正構成威脅。
The dark clouds
are a threat of a heavy rain. / 這些烏雲是大雨將至的前兆。
threaten [`θrɛtṇ]
vt. 威脅⋯，有⋯的前兆
片語：threaten
sb with sth 以某事威脅某人
Todd threatened
his wife with divorce. / 陶德以離婚威脅他老婆。
These clouds
threaten rain. / 這些雲是下雨的前兆。
tide [taɪd] n. 潮汐，潮流 vt. 幫助（某人）渡過（難關）
片語：tide sb
over 幫某人度過難關
Time and tide
wait for no man. / 歲月不饒人。──諺語
I wonder if you
could lend me $200 to tide me over until payday. / 我不知道你是否可借我
200 美元，讓我撐到發薪水的那一天。
trend [trɛnd] n.
趨勢，潮流（常用複數）
片語：keep up
with the trends 趕上潮流；follow the trends 跟著潮流走
衍生字：trendy
[`trɛndɪ] a. 時髦的
Business leaders
have to keep track of the latest economic trends. / 企業領袖必須隨時掌握最新的經濟趨勢。
Reading
newspapers and watching TV enable you to keep up with the trends. / 看報及看電視可以讓你趕上潮流。
typical [`tɪpɪkḷ]
a. 典型的，特有的
片語：be
typical of... 是⋯的典型
衍生字：type
[taɪp] n. 形式，類型 & vt. 打字 ②；typist
[`taɪpɪst] n. 打字員 ②
typically [`tɪpɪkḷɪ]
adv. 典型地；特有地
It was a typical
summer morning. / 那是個典型的夏日早晨。
This weather is
typical of the Mediterranean climate. / 這種天氣是典型的地中海型氣候。
vacant [`vekənt]
a. 空缺的，未被佔用的
同義字：available
[ə`veləbḷ] a. 空著的 ③
We'll keep this
position vacant until you come back. / 我們會把這個職位空著直到你會來為止。
Unit
08
advertise [`ædvɚ͵taɪz]
vt. 將⋯登廣告 vi. 登廣告
片語：advertise
for sb 登廣告徵人
You should
advertise your car in the local newspaper if you want to sell it quickly. / 你如果想快點把車賣掉，應該在本地的報紙登廣告。
On the wall
there was a small poster advertising a new magazine. / 牆上有張替新雜誌打廣告的小海報。
They advertised
for someone to look after the garden. / 他們登廣告徵人照顧花園。
advertisement
[͵ædvɚ`taɪzmənt] n. 廣告（可數，常縮寫成 ad [æd]）
片語：put/place
an advertisement in the newspaper 在報上刊登廣告
衍生字：advertising
[`ædvɚ͵taɪzɪŋ] n. 廣告（不可數）
No one replied
to the advertisement Mary put in the paper. / 瑪麗在報上登的廣告沒有回音。
advertiser [`ædvɚ͵taɪzɚ]
n. 刊登廣告者，廣告商
Super Bowl
advertisers have to pay lots of money for their commercial time. / 超級盃的廣告商要花很多錢來支付他們打廣告的時間。
beneath [bɪ`niθ]
prep. 在⋯正下方
片語：beneath
the surface 外表下
同義字：underneath
[͵ʌndɚ`niθ] prep. 在⋯下方 ⑤；below
[bə`lo] adv. & prep. 在下方 ①
反義字：above
[ə`bʌv] adv. & prep. 在上方 ①
The money was
hidden beneath a stack of newspapers. / 錢藏在一堆報紙下面。
Beneath his
inconspicuous appearance, he is a talented pianist. / 在不起眼的外表下，其實他是個很有才氣的鋼琴家。＊inconspicuous [͵ɪnkən`spɪkjʊəs] a. 不顯眼的
breast [brɛst]
n. 胸部，乳房
片語：keep
abreast of the times 跟上時代 = keep pace with the times
衍生字：abreast
[ə`brɛst] adv. 並排
Breast cancer can
be cured if detected early. / 乳癌若能及早診斷出來是可以治癒的。
brilliant [`brɪlɪənt]
a. 明亮的，出色的
Incandescent
bulbs are more brilliant and energy- saving. / 白熾燈泡比較亮也比較省電。＊incandescent [͵ɪnkæn`dɛsṇt] a. 白熾的
Tom came up with
a brilliant idea to solve the urgent problem. / 湯姆想到了一個很棒的方法，來解決這個緊急的問題。
buffalo [`bʌfə͵lo]
(複數形: buffalo 或 buffaloes) n. 野牛，水牛（= water buffalo）
The American
buffalo is one of the largest land animals in
bull [bʊl] n. 公牛
During the
festival, many bulls will run through the narrow streets in the city. / 在慶典期間，許多公牛會狂奔於該城市狹窄的街道。
延伸：cow [kaʊ]
n. 母牛①
cattle [`kætḷ]
n. 牛群
In
延伸：cattle 如同 people，視作複數名詞，可被 two(2) 以上的數詞（如three、four、many等）修飾。There is a people in the room. (×) → There are
two /five /many people in the room. (○)（房間裡有 2 個／5 個／許多人。）
同理：There
is a cattle in the field. (×) →
There are two /five /many cattle in the field. (○)牧場裡有 2 隻／5 隻／許多隻牛。
chest [tʃɛst] n.
胸
片語：get
something off one's chest 心中一吐為快
Don't keep the
secret to yourself. You should tell me and get it off your chest. / 別把秘密守在自己心裡，你應告訴我，心中一吐為快。
comfort [`kʌmfɚt]
n. 舒適 vt. 安慰
片語：find/take
comfort in... 在⋯中尋找安慰
衍生字：comfortable
[`kʌmfɚtəbḷ] a. 舒適的 ②
反義字：discomfort
[dɪs`kʌmfɚt] n. 不適 ⑥
Despite all the
material comforts, the rich man isn't happy. / 這個富翁儘管有種種的物質享受，卻仍不快樂。
We comforted the
woman when her child was killed in a car accident. / 這位婦人的兒子在車禍中喪生，我們便安慰她。
I find comfort
in listening to music whenever I feel troubled. / 每當我心煩時就會在聽音樂中找到慰藉。
comparison [kəm`pærɪsən]
n. 相較，相比
片語：in
comparison with... 與⋯相較
衍生字：compare
[kəm`pɛr] vt. & vi. 比較 ②
A comparison of
the two teams indicates that the game should be close. / 兩隊實力相較，可預見那場比賽將是五五波。
In comparison
with my old one, my new motorcycle is really fast. / 與我那台舊摩托車比起來，新的跑得真是快。
complex [`kɑmplɛks /
kəm`plɛks] a. 複雜的 n. 綜合設施
衍生字：complexity
[kəm`plɛksətɪ] n. 複雜性 ⑥
同義字：complicated
[`kɑmplə͵ketɪd] a. 複雜的 ④
反義字：simple
[`sɪmpḷ] a. 簡單的 ①
The
mathematician invented a complex number system. / 那位數學家發明了一套複雜的數字系統。
This shopping
complex consists of a department store and two big malls. / 這塊購物區有一家百貨公司及兩個大賣場。
延伸：a
shopping complex 購物區
confuse [kən`fjuz]
vt. 使困惑，混淆，弄錯
片語：confuse
A with B 將A與B混淆；get confused 搞迷糊了
Please slow down—you are
confusing me. / 請說慢一點──你把我搞糊塗了。
Our teacher sometimes
confuses John with Lee. / 我們老師有時會把約翰當作是李。
She saw the sign
and got confused. / 她看到這標示就搞不清楚了。
confusion [kən`fjuʒən]
n. 混亂，混淆，困惑
片語：be
(left) in confusion 陷入混亂 = be (left) in chaos (＊chaos [`keɑs] n. 混亂)
The whole city
was in great confusion after the earthquake. / 地震過後，整座城市陷入了一片混亂。
The confusion of
the word borrow for lend is a common mistake among English learners in Taiwan. /
把『借入』一字誤以為是『借出』是台灣學英文的學生常犯的錯。
conscious [`kɑnʃəs] a. 有所察覺的，清醒的
片語：be
conscious of... 察覺到⋯ = be aware of...
Conscious of the
dangers of smoking, Benny decided to give up the bad habit. / 班尼察覺到抽菸的危險，決定要戒掉這個壞習慣。
The soldier was
wounded but still conscious. / 這士兵受了傷，但仍然清醒。
比較：conscience
[`kɑnʃəns] n. 是非之心，良心 ④
consciously [`kɑnʃəslɪ]
adv. 有意識地，自覺地
Don't mind
Daniel. He is probably not consciously aware that what he said was rude. / 請別介意丹尼爾。他可能沒有意識到他所說的話是無禮的。
consciousness
[`kɑnʃəsnɪs] n. 知覺，了解，知道
片語：regain
consciousness 恢復意識
衍生字：awareness
[ə`wɛrnɪs] n. 察覺 ③
The patient
regained consciousness shortly after treatment. / 這個病人經過治療後不久就恢復了意識。
My consciousness
of their suffering urged me to offer help. / 我知道他們的痛苦遭遇後，就有一股伸出援手的衝動。
cricket [`krɪkɪt]
n. 蟋蟀，板球
Do you hear a cricket?
It's keeping me awake. / 你有沒有聽到蟋蟀在叫？它讓我睡不著。
Let's play cricket
this afternoon at the park. / 咱們今天下午去公園玩板球如何？
cultural [`kʌltʃərəl]
a. 文化的
衍生字：culture
[`kʌltʃɚ] n. 文化 ②
The argument was
caused by cultural differences. / 這場爭執是由於文化差異所引起的。
discovery [dɪs`kʌvərɪ]
n. 發現，被發現的事物
片語：make a
discovery 有所發現
衍生字：discover
[dɪs`kʌvɚ] vt. 發現 ①
The scientist
made a significant discovery in his research. / 這位科學家在他研究中有了重大的發現。
比較：invention
[ɪn`vɛnʃən] n. 發明；發明物 ④
domestic [də`mɛstɪk]
a. 國內的，家庭的
衍生字：domesticate
[də`mɛstɪ͵ket] vt. 飼養；馴服
反義字：foreign
[`fɔrɪn] a. 外國的 ②
Many domestic
products are cheaper in other countries. / 很多國內產品在國外賣得反而比較便宜。
I have many
domestic chores to do on weekends. / 週末時我都會有許多家事要做。＊chore [tʃɔr] n. 雜務事
engine [`ɛndʒɪn]
n. 引擎
My car wouldn't
move because something was wrong with the engine. / 我的車動不了，因為引擎有毛病了。
延伸：engine 亦可指『火車頭』，等於 locomotive [͵lokə`motɪv]。
engineer [͵ɛndʒə`nɪr]
n. 工程師，火車司機 vt. 策劃
Tom is a good
mechanical engineer. / 湯姆是個優秀的機械工程師。
A person who
drives a train is known as an engineer. / 開火車的人被稱為火車司機。
I'm sure
Samantha will engineer the election campaign beautifully. / 我相信莎曼莎會把這次選舉活動辦得很漂亮。
延伸：a
computer engineer 電腦工程師；a mechanical engineer 機械工程師；a chemical engineer 化學工程師
engineering [͵ɛndʒə`nɪrɪŋ]
n. 工程學
She studied
electrical engineering at that university. / 她在那所大學唸電機工程。
fairly [`fɛrlɪ]
adv. 相當的，蠻
同義字：rather
[`ræðɚ] adv. 相當 ②
It's fairly
difficult to tell the difference between Sandy and her twin sister. / 要區分珊蒂跟她的雙胞胎姊妹相當困難。
grasshopper
[`græs͵hɑpɚ] n. 蚱蜢
Did you know
that a grasshopper can leap 20 times the length of its own body? / 你知道蚱蜢一跳可跳過多達自己身長 20 倍的高度？
liberal [`lɪbərəl]
a. 自由的，開明的
反義字：conservative
[kən`sɝvətɪv] a. 保守的 ④
John was
criticized for being too liberal in spending the company's money. / 約翰被批評花公司的錢太隨便。
Nowadays,
teenagers take a more liberal attitude toward sexuality. / 現在的青少年對性的態度比較開放。
liberty [`lɪbɚtɪ]
n. 自由
Give me liberty
or give me death. / 不自由毋寧死。──格言
延伸：the
Statue of Liberty 自由女神像
lord [lɔrd] n. 貴族，君主（大寫）上帝
A knight should
pledge loyalty to his lord. / 騎士應該向他的君主效忠。
＊pledge
[plɛdʒ] vt. 誓言，保證
If you feel
lost, let the Lord guide you. / 如果你迷失了，就讓上帝來指引你方向。
延伸：在教會基督徒對上帝祈禱時，即用 Lord 一字。
Oh, Lord,
forgive me for cheating on my wife. I'll never do it again. / 哦，主啊，原諒我對內人的不忠。我下次再也不會做這樣的事了。
native [`netɪv]
a. 祖國的，本地的，土生的 n. 本地人，土著
片語：sb's
native language/tongue 某人的母語
be native to + 地方 出生於，原產於 = be unique
to + 地方 = be
indigenous to + 地方（＊indigenous [ɪn`dɪdʒɪnəs] a. 土生的，土長的）
Chinese is his
native language, but he is more fluent in Spanish. / 中文是他的母語，但是他的西班牙文比較流利。
Kiwi birds are
native to New Zealand. / 鷸鴕是紐西蘭的原產。
The natives were
required to relocate to a safer area. / 當地的人被要求遷居到一處更安全的地區。
pad [pæd] n. 襯墊
There is a pad
on the corner of the table so that you won't get hurt if you bump into it. / 桌角都有安全護墊，所以如果你撞到它都不會受傷。
pour [pɔr] vt.
vi. 傾注，下大雨
Please pour
water into the jug and then place it on the table. / 請把水倒到罐子裡，然後把罐子放在桌上。＊jug [dʒʌg] n. 罐子（多指裝水用的玻璃或塑膠罐）
It's pouring
now. You may as well stay here for the night. = It's raining hard now. You may
as well stay here for the night. = It's raining cats and dogs. You may as well
stay here for the night. / 現在正在下大雨，你不妨留下來過夜。＊may as well + V 不妨⋯⋯
諺語：When it
rains, it pours. = It never rains but it pours. / 每次下雨，就會下傾盆大雨。／禍不單行。
promote [prə`mot]
vt. 促進，提倡，昇遷
片語：promote
peace 提倡和平；promote sales 促銷；be promoted to + 職位
獲得升任⋯一職
Our company
promotes education by offering scholarships to the poor. / 本公司提供窮困的人獎學金，以提倡教育。
Peter was
promoted to general manager last week. / 彼得上星期晉陞總經理一職。
promotion [prə`moʃən]
n. 促進，提倡，升遷
Lisa got a
promotion last month, and now she can afford to buy a new car. / 麗莎上個月升遷，現在她買得起新車了。
protection [prə`tɛkʃən]
n. 保護
衍生字：protect
[prə`tɛkt] vt. 保護；防禦 ②
He was wearing a
heavy coat as protection against the cold. / 他穿著一件厚外套禦寒。
These kittens
ran to their mother for protection. / 這些小貓跑去找母貓尋求保護。
延伸：protect
常與介詞 from 並用，有下列片語
protect sb
from... 保護某人免於⋯
All parents
should protect their children from being harmed. / 所有父母應保護孩子免受傷害。
protective [prə`tɛktɪv]
a. 保護的
片語：be
protective of... 保護⋯
A boxer can
easily be hurt if he doesn't wear protective gear. / 拳擊手要是不穿護具很容易就會受傷。＊gear [gɪr] n. 裝備（集合名詞，不可數）
Some parents are
too protective of their children. / 有些父母過於保護他們的小孩。
pure [pjʊr] a. 純粹的，純潔的
The pajamas are
made of pure cotton. / 這件睡衣是純棉製的。＊pajamas [pə`dʒɑməz] n. 睡衣（衣褲成套，故用複數）；a pair of pajamas 一套睡衣
The water is
clean and pure. It has been tested over and over again. / 水質清潔而純淨，它可是經過一再測試的。
延伸：pure silk
純絲；pure cotton 純棉
purely [`pjʊrlɪ]
adv. 全然地
同義字：completely
[kəm`plitlɪ] adv. 完全地 ②
This device was
purely tailored to meet his needs. / 這個裝置完全就是因應他的需求而打造的。＊tailor [`telɚ] vt. 裁剪；修改 & n. 裁縫師
scale [skel] n. 規模
片語：on a
large scale 大規模地
Pollution has caused
changes to weather patterns on a large scale. / 污染已經大幅造成天氣型態的改變。
shade [ʃed] n. 樹蔭，百葉窗（恆用複數）vt. 遮蔭 vi. 逐漸改變
片語：put...in
the shade 使⋯相形失色；in the shade
of a tree 在樹蔭下；pull up/down the shades 拉起／拉下百葉窗
We took a rest
in the shade of a large tree. / 我們在一個大樹的樹蔭下休息。
I pulled down
the shades and went to bed. / 我拉下百葉窗便睡覺去了。
The tall trees
shade the garden. / 高大的樹將花園遮蔭了起來。
The dusk shaded
into night while I was driving home. / 我開車回家時，不知不覺暮色已轉為黑夜。
Michelle's
beauty and confidence put other contestants in the shade. / 蜜雪兒的美貌和自信使其他參賽者相形失色。
shadow [`ʃædo]
n. 陰影 vt. 以影籠罩
片語：cast a
shadow on... 投影在⋯之上；live in
sb's shadow 活在某人的陰影下
Winnie sat in
the shadows. / 溫妮坐在暗處中。
The cottage was
shadowed by palm trees. / 這間小屋被棕櫚樹的陰影遮蔽著。
The tree cast a
shadow on the wall. / 這棵樹投影在牆上。
Not wanting to
live in his father's shadow, Babe Ruth's son quit baseball. / 貝比‧魯斯的兒子不願活在父親的陰影下，便不再打棒球。
shady [`ʃedɪ] a.
蔭蔽的，曖昧不明的，令人起疑的
同義字：suspicious
[sə`spɪʃəs] a. 可疑的 ③
They walked
along the shady side of the street. / 他們沿著街道有蔭蔽的一邊走。
He's a shady
fellow, isn't he? / 他是個引人起疑的傢伙，不是嗎？
stormy [`stɔrmɪ]
a. 暴風雨的，激烈的
同義字：vehement
[`viəmənt] a. 激烈的；a vehement argument 激烈的爭論 = a stormy argument
We had a
blackout during the stormy night. / 暴風雨夜晚我們停電了。＊blackout [`blæk͵aʊt] n. 停電
After a stormy
argument, we finally reached an agreement. / 經過一番激烈的爭論後我們終於達成了協議。
substance [`sʌbstəns]
n. 物質
衍生字：substantial
[səb`stænʃəl] a. 相當大的；重大的 ⑤
This colorless,
odorless substance is actually quite toxic. / 這種無色無味的物質事實上有劇毒。＊odorless [`odɚlɪs] a. 無氣味的；toxic [`tɑksɪk] a. 有毒的
suspect [sə`spɛkt]
vt. 懷疑，猜想
片語：suspect
sb of + N/V-ing 懷疑某人犯了⋯之罪；be
suspected of + N/V-ing 涉嫌⋯
The police
suspected him of the crime. / 警方懷疑他犯了這個案件。
He was suspected
of stealing Mary's watch. / 他涉嫌偷了瑪麗的手錶。
suspect [`sʌspɛkt]
n. 嫌疑犯
He was one of
the main suspects in the murder case. / 他是這宗謀殺案的主嫌之一。
suspicion [sə`spɪʃən]
n. 嫌疑，疑心
片語：be
under suspicion 遭受懷疑
Daniel is under
suspicion by the police for robbery. / 警方懷疑丹尼爾犯下槍案。
I have a
suspicion that Ben is somewhere around here. = I suspect that Ben is somewhere
around here. / 我懷疑阿班就在這附近的某個地方。
suspicious [sə`spɪʃəs]
a. 可疑的，多疑的，猜疑的
片語：be
suspicious of... 懷疑⋯
衍生字：suspiciously
[sə`spɪʃəslɪ] adv. 可疑地，鬼鬼祟祟地；懷疑地
Who is that
suspicious-looking man near the school? / 那名在學校附近形跡可疑的男子是誰？
My girlfriend is
a very suspicious person. / 我女友是一個非常多疑的人。
John said he
came here just to say hello, but I was suspicious of his real intentions. =
John said he came here just to say hello, but I suspected his real intentions.
/ 約翰說他來這兒只是打聲招呼，不過我卻懷疑他真正的動機。
troop [trup] n. 軍隊（恆用複數）
The commander
gave his troops a pep talk to boost their morale. / 指揮官對他的部隊做精神訓話以提振他們的士氣。＊pep talk 精神訓話；morale [mə`ræl] n. 士氣
unknown [ʌn`non]
a. 未知的
The cause of the
plane crash is unknown at this time. / 目前墜機原因不明。
well-known [͵wɛl`non]
a. 出名的
片語：be
well-known for ⋯ 以⋯聞名 = be famous for ⋯
John is well-known
for his musical talent. / 約翰以他的音樂天賦聞名。
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