Reading P1
Were you one of those children who spent their childhood1 wearing masks and jumping off the walls, copying Batman, Iron Man, or Spider-Man? Have you even carried your love of superheroes into adolescencež? Do you
still get excited about the next superhero film to be released2? 你是曾經在童年時期戴著面具、從牆上跳下來、模仿蝙蝠俠、鋼鐵人或蜘蛛人的小孩之一嗎？你是否甚至將對超級英雄的熱愛延續至青春期呢？你是否仍然對下一部即將發行的超級英雄電影感到興奮呢？
1 Were you one of those
children who spent their childhood wearing masks and jumping off the
walls, copying Batman, Iron Man, or Spider-Man?
1.
這個句子可拆成兩部分來看，首先Were you one of...?表示「你是……之一嗎？」。另外，those children who... 是常見的關代組合，其中who spent their childhood... Spider-Man用來修飾先行詞children。
2. 關係子句的動詞用spent，因此後面接的動詞要用V-ing，變成wearing,
jumping，表「花……時間做……」。
3. 分詞構句...,
copying...原為..., and copied....。
2 Have you even carried your love of superheroes into adolescence?
1. 這裡用現在完成式
Have you even carried 表示從過去到現在的經驗。
2. carry... into 使延續……，請參閱片語1。
3. 三個不同時期：childhood
童年期、adolescence 青春期、adulthood 成年期。
3 Do you still get excited about the
next superhero film to be released?
1. get excited about 對……感到興奮，常見的情緒動詞片語如下：
句型文法
(1) be interested in... 對……感到興趣
(2) be satisfied with... 對……感到滿意
(3) be confused by/aboup... 對……感到困惑
(4) be bored with/by... 對……感到無聊
(5) be surprised by/ap... 對……感到驚訝
(6) be amazed at/by... 對……感到驚奇
(7) be annoyed at/with/aboup... 對……感到生氣
2. ... to be released （音樂、影片）即將發行
Reading P2
We humans love to imagine having great powers and supernatural3 abilities, like flying or being invisible4.
You might sometimes even ask yourself, “What would I do if I had those powers?” That is why one theme5
is often found in movies about
superheroes—most of these characters started off as ordinary people
before something happened to make them “extraordinary6.”
Take Spider-Man for example. Peter
Parkerž was just
a normal high school kid. One day on a science field tripž, he got bitten by a radioactivež spider, which made
it possible for him to shoot7 spiderwebsž, climb walls, and swing8 between
(p.29) buildings. The
sudden change from being an average9 teenager to becoming Spider-Man was a mixed
blessingž for Peter. He was left not only with superhuman skills, but
also with the duty of using
them to help others. This is the message behind the best-known Spider-Man quote10, “With great
power comes great responsibility.” If you had such incredible powers, would you be able to use them
responsibly? 我們人類喜歡想像擁有強大的力量和超自然的能力，像是飛行或隱形。你也許有時甚至自問：「如果我有這些超能力，我會怎麼做？」那就是為什麼在超級英雄電影中，常會發現一個主題：大部分這些角色都以平凡人物開始，後來某事發生才使得他們變得特別。以蜘蛛人為例。Peter Parker原本只是個普通的高中生。有一天在一趟科學校外教學中，他被一隻具有放射性的蜘蛛咬傷，這使得他能夠發射蜘蛛網、爬牆，並且在大樓之間擺盪。從一般的青少年變成蜘蛛人的突然轉變，對Peter而言是件好壞參半的事。他不只被賦予超人類的能力，更被賦予責任使用這些能力去幫助別人。這就是蜘蛛人最有名的引文：「強大的力量伴隨著重大的責任」所要傳達的訊息。如果你有這樣不可思議的能力，你能夠負責任地使用它們嗎？
4 We
humans love to imagine having great powers and supernatural abilities, like
flying or being invisible.
1. imagine + V-ing 想像……
2. like 像是……，是介系詞，表示「舉例來說」。後面的受詞也要用V-ing或N。
SPP 3: imagine +
V-ing
² imagine為及物動詞，表示「想像」。常接的受詞是動名詞和that或疑問詞引導的名詞子句，不定詞（to VR）不能作受詞。
² 同樣用動名詞而非不定詞當受詞的動詞還有avoid、involve、risk、mind、suggest、miss、enjoy、practice、finish等。
² 有些動詞用不定詞作受詞，不用動名詞。如：agree、choose、decide、expect、fail、learn、manage（表「設法做到」）、mean（表「意圖、打算」）、plan（但plan on後接V-ing）、pretend、refuse、tend。
Ÿ
We
humans love to imagine having great powers and supernatural abilities,
like flying or being invisible.
（我們人類喜愛想像擁有強大的力量和超能力，如飛翔或隱形。）
Ÿ
You
should avoid staying up all night before an exam.（你應該避免考試前整晚熬夜。）
Ÿ
This
job involves traveling to Hong Kong on
a monthly basis to meet with the clients.（這份工作需要每月出差去香港和客戶會面。）
Ÿ
“People
discuss my art and pretend to understand as if it were necessary to
understand, when it’s simply necessary to love.”—Claude Monet（人們討論我的作品，假裝很了解，好像那是必要的；其實只要喜愛它們就夠了。──莫內）
5 That is why one theme is often found in movies about
superheroes….
That is why 那就是為什麼……，用法為That
is why + S + V，以S + V來說明原因。
6 Take Spider-Man for
example.
1. Take +
N/V-ing + for example. 這是個原形動詞為開頭的祈使句，後面需用句點結束。
2. 而 for
example = for instance 是片語，可以放在句首、句尾或插入句中。
解析7請見補充頁P.29。
(p.29)
7 One day on a science field trip, he got
bitten by a radioactive spider, which made it possible for him to
shoot spiderwebs, climb walls, and swing between buildings.
1.
get bitten 被咬傷
2.
which 並不是修飾
spider，而是代替逗點前面整句話，也就是被蜘蛛咬傷這件事。
3.
make it possible + for sb. + to VR 使某人做某事成為可能
句型文法
這個句型裡的it是虛受詞，代替後面的不定詞to VR，形容詞possible也可以替換成easy, convenient, important等形容詞，請參閱句型重點2。
SPP 2: S + make/find/consider +
it + Adj (+ for sb.) + to VR.
² it除作虛主詞外，也可作虛受詞，如本句型。
² make、find、consider的句型：「make/find/consider
+ O + OC」。受詞補語（OC，修飾受詞使句意完整）在本句型為形容詞。
² 使用it作虛受詞，把真受詞（to
VR）移到句末，可以解決真受詞太長不易理解的問題。
² 如要明確指出或強調「對（某人）來說」某動作是如何，可在形容詞後加上for sb.。
² 除了make、find、consider外，think和believe可套用同樣的句型。
Ÿ
Peter
Parker got bitten by a radioactive spider, which made it possible for him to
shoot spiderwebs, climb walls, and swing between buildings.
（Peter Parker被一隻放射性蜘蛛咬到，這使他能夠射出蜘蛛網、攀牆，還有在建築物間擺盪。）
Ÿ
Traditionally,
Chinese people consider it inappropriate for lovers to give umbrellas to
each other as presents.
（傳統上來說，華人認為情侶間互送雨傘是不適當的。）
Ÿ
Ian thinks
it unnecessary to shop around to get a good deal.
（Ian認為貨比三家來找出最划算的交易是沒有必要的。）
Ÿ
Most
people believe it essential for applicants to dress formally for a job interview.
（多數人相信應徵者穿著正式去工作面試是必要的。）
8 The sudden change from being an average teenager to
becoming Spider-Man was a mixed blessing for Peter.
1. 這個句子其中的from being an average teenager to becoming...修飾the
sudden change，表示從一般人成為蜘蛛人這樣的突然轉變。
2. The sudden change接的動詞是was，形容那是a mixed blessing（憂喜參半的事）。
9 He was left not only with superhuman
skills, but also with the duty of using them to help others.
此句用被動語態 was left，表示 Peter Parker 不是自願的，而是被迫變成蜘蛛人，他被賦予了超乎常人的能力和保護人類的責任。
10 If you had such incredible powers, would you be
able to use them responsibly?
1. 假設語氣與現在事實相反的用法：
If + S + were/V-ed..., S + would/should/could/might + VR.，請參閱句型重點1。
If + S + were/V-ed..., S + would/should/could/might + VR.，請參閱句型重點1。
2. be able to + VR 能夠……
3. use... responsibly 負責任地使用
SPP 1: If + S + were/V-ed…, S + would/could/might + VR.
² 此句型為「和現在事實相反」的假設語氣，動詞需用過去式。課文例句中，讀者事實上並沒有超能力，所以用假設語氣。
² if引導的子句中，不管主詞是單數或複數，be動詞一律用were，一般動詞用過去式。
² 主要子句主詞後接助動詞would（將要；就會）、could（能；可以）、might（或許會），再接原形動詞。
² 若if引導的子句置於主要子句前，用逗點隔開。若置於主要子句後則不用逗點。
Ÿ
If you had such incredible powers, would
you be able to use them responsibly?
（如果你擁有如此讓人難以置信的力量，你能夠有責任感地使用它們嗎？）
Ÿ
I would
take notes by hand if I were you.
（如果我是你，我會用手寫筆記。）
Ÿ
If you stopped buying bottled tea drinks, you
could save a lot of money.
（如果你停止購買瓶裝茶飲，你就可以省下很多錢。）
Reading P3
Another legendary11
superhero, Captain America America
11 Steven Rogers was a physically weak
young man who really wanted to get into the army but was never allowed
to join.
1. physically weak 為「副詞 + 形容詞」，修飾名詞 young man。
2. who... join 為關係子句，修飾先行詞 young man。
3. be allowed to VR 被允許……
SPP 4: be/get + p.p. (by O)
² 被動語態的主詞是承受動作的一方，施予動作的一方（即by 的受詞O）連帶介系詞by可視情況省略。
² 如果施予動作的一方描述較冗長，一般也偏好使用被動語態。
² be p.p.和get p.p.的差別：get p.p.有強調「狀態改變」的意味。如：「I am dressed.」表示著好裝的狀態，但「I got dressed.」表示「從沒著裝變成穿好衣服」的轉變。
Ÿ
Steven
Rogers really wanted to get into the army but was never allowed
to join. （Steven Rogers十分想要進入軍隊，但是從未被允許加入。）
Ÿ
The
soldier got wounded in the battle and was sent back to his
hometown after he recovered. （這名軍人在戰役中受傷，在他恢復後被送回他的家鄉。）
12 All this changed when he underwent
some medical tests designed by a scientisp.
1. 連接詞 when 串連前後兩個子句，前句是 All this changed，而後句是 he underwent some medical tests designed by a scientisp.。
2. 其中過去分詞片語designed by a scientist修飾medical tests，可視為關係子句中省略which were。
13 After several injections, Steven was
turned into Captain America
1. was turned into 被轉變成……
2. a soldier with great physical strength 和 Captain America 是同位語的結構。
14 He was known for his unbreakable
shield, which returned like a boomerang after he threw ip.
which 前面加上逗點，是補充用法（非限定用法），修飾shield。
(p.30)
15 With this shield, he found it easy to defend himself against
any weapons that his enemies used.
1. with + 工具
有了……
2. that his
enemies used 是關係子句，修飾先行詞weapons。
SPP 6: protect/prevent/keep/stop…
from…
² protect sb./sth. from N/V-ing表示「保護……免於……」，from後接「身心傷害、疾病；事物損傷、喪失」。
² prevent sb./sth. from V-ing表示「防止╱制止……免於……」，致使事物無法發生或存在、或使某人無法做某事。
² keep sb./sth. from N/V-ing表示「使……免於╱不要……」。有兩種涵義：保護人免於傷害（常用keep sb. from being harmed/out of harm’s
way/out of danger/away from danger）；致使事物無法發生或存在、致使某人無法做某事。
² stop sb./sth. from V-ing表示「阻止……不要……」。有兩種涵義：預防還沒發生的事（意同prevent from V-ing）；阻止正在進行的動作。
Ÿ
Captain
America used his amazing powers to protect his people from harm
in World WarⅡ.
（美國隊長用他驚人的力量保護人民在第二次世界大戰中免於受害。）
Ÿ
The
farmer built a fence to prevent the cattle from escaping.
（農夫築了一道圍籬來防止牛群逃脫。）
Reading P4
Today,
Spider-Man and Captain America
16 Spider-Man
and Captain America
1. seem (連綴動詞) + adj. = appear + adj. 似乎……
2. more... than ever 比以前更……；愈來愈……
= more and
more...
3. based on 根據，可以放句首或句中，用法為based on sth.，請參閱片語5。
SYN according to
17 When we watch
them fighting crime on the big screen, their great courage and spirit inspire
us to do what we can to fight against evil.
1. watch (感官動詞) + O +
V-ing，表示「看到O正在……」。
句型文法
感官動詞用法為S + V + O + OC，而受詞補語若為VR，表「受詞主動目睹VR動作的整個過程」。若受詞補語為V-ing，表「受詞主動且正在進行V-ing的動作，但未目睹整個過程」。而受詞補語為P.P.時，表「受詞被動進行P.P.的動作」。
2. fight crime = fight against evil 對抗犯罪；打擊邪惡
3. inspire 激發；鼓勵 SYN
stimulate, encourage
SPP 5: inspire/encourage/motivate
sb. to VR
² inspire意為「振奮、鼓舞、激勵、啟發（某人）」，encourage意為「鼓勵、勸勉（某人）」，motivate意為「給（某人）動機、激發（某人）」。
被動用法：「sb.
be inspired/encouraged/motivated to VR」。
Ÿ
Their
great courage and spirit inspire us to do what we can to fight
against evil.
（他們偉大的勇氣和精神激勵我們盡全力去打擊邪惡。）
Ÿ
One
way to help prevent drunk driving is to stop encouraging others to
“have another drink.”
（要幫助避免酒駕的方法之一，就是停止勸別人「再喝一杯」。）
Ÿ
The
student was motivated by his peers to study harder.
（這個學生受到同儕刺激，更加用功了。）
18 We not only see what
kinds of powers the superheroes have, but also witness how they
make use of those powers to do the right thing.
句型文法
(1) 對等連接詞not
only... but also（不但……而且……）要連接相同詞性，所以動詞see和witness對稱。
(2) what和how為wh-引導的名詞子句，均作為see和witness的受詞，也是對稱。
(p.31)
Comprehension
Main Idea Choose the best answer to the question.
B What is the main idea of “Out of the Ordinary:
Superheroes”?
〈與眾不同：超級英雄〉的主旨為何？
(A) American
action movies are hard to make.
美國動作片很難製作。
(B) We should
learn from the superheroes and try to do the right thing.
我們應該向超級英雄學習並且試著做正確的事。
(C) Superheroes
are strong enough to protect people around the world.
超級英雄夠強壯足以保護全世界的人。
(D) Spider-Man’s
superpowers are different from Captain America
蜘蛛人的超能力和美國隊長的不同。
Details Choose the best answer to each question.
C 1. How did Peter Parker become Spider-Man?
Peter Parker如何成為蜘蛛人？
(A) He was made radioactive by a scientist.
科學家使他變成具有放射性。
(B) He was trained by
the army.
他受到軍隊中的訓練。
他受到軍隊中的訓練。
(C) He was bitten by a
radioactive spider.
他被具有放射性的蜘蛛咬傷。
他被具有放射性的蜘蛛咬傷。
(D) He was born with
the superpowers.
他天生具有超能力。
他天生具有超能力。
C 2. What is the most famous quote from the movie Spider-Man?
《蜘蛛人》電影中最有名的引文是什麼？
(A) “I’ll be back!”
我一定會回來！（來自《魔鬼終結者》）
我一定會回來！（來自《魔鬼終結者》）
(B) “May the Force be
with you.”
願原力與你同在。（來自《星際大戰》）
願原力與你同在。（來自《星際大戰》）
(C) “With great power
comes great responsibility.”
強大的力量伴隨著重大的責任。
強大的力量伴隨著重大的責任。
(D) “Life is like a box of chocolates. You never know what
you’re gonna get.”
人生就像一盒巧克力。你永遠不知道會拿到什麼口味。（來自《阿甘正傳》）
人生就像一盒巧克力。你永遠不知道會拿到什麼口味。（來自《阿甘正傳》）
(p.32)
A 3. According to the article, what did
Captain America
根據課文，美國隊長和蜘蛛人有什麼共通點？
根據課文，美國隊長和蜘蛛人有什麼共通點？
(A) They both started
off as ordinary people.
他們兩個原本都是平凡人。
他們兩個原本都是平凡人。
(B) They both joined
the army.
他們兩個都加入軍隊。
他們兩個都加入軍隊。
(C) They both had an
invisible shield.
他們兩個都有隱形盾牌。
他們兩個都有隱形盾牌。
(D) They both fought in
World War II.
他們兩個都參加過第二次世界大戰。
B 4. According to the article, which is true
about Captain America
根據課文，有關美國隊長的敘述何者正確？
根據課文，有關美國隊長的敘述何者正確？
(A) He became a superhero when he was a child.
他小時候就成了超級英雄。
他小時候就成了超級英雄。
(B) He was once a physically weak young man.
他曾經是身體虛弱的年輕人。
他曾經是身體虛弱的年輕人。
(C) He designed some medical tests for himself.
他為自己設計了一些醫學實驗。
他為自己設計了一些醫學實驗。
(D) He used a boomerang as his weapon.
他用回力鏢當作他的武器。
他用回力鏢當作他的武器。
沒有留言:
張貼留言