2020年3月26日 星期四

國中英文文法第六冊8

可分與不可分兩字動詞的用法:   

標題句:Please turn on the TV.
    Please turn it on.
結 構:可分兩字動詞

到目前為止,我們所學者絕大部分為單字形的動詞,如 study, sleep, write, play 等等,但有些動詞的意思表達,是要以片語的形式,如 ask for, come back, go back, , cry out, get to, get on, get off, get up, grow up, hear from, listen to, look around, look at, look down, look for, run after, shut up, sit down, stand up, wait for 等等,和單字形的動詞使用習慣一樣,以上這些兩字形動詞,其實也不會造成我們在使用上的困難。
但有些兩個字所組成的動詞片語(稱為「兩字動詞」則不同,先看底下的例句:
e.g.
1. Please wake up your sister at seven o'clock.

2. Please wake your sister up at seven o'clock.

3. Please wake me up at seven o'clock.
例句 3 顯然和其他兩個例句不同,也就是說,當兩字動詞片語的受詞是名詞時,則該受詞的位置有兩個,放在兩字動詞片語的中間或後面均可,這樣的情形對我們來說,不會造成學習上的困難,反正兩個位置都對;但若受詞是「人稱代名詞」時,則只能夠放在兩字動詞片語的中間。這種特殊的用法,國中階段常用的有:
find out:找到
get back
:取回
give up
:放棄
look up
:查閱
pick up
:檢起來
put down
:放下
put on
:穿(戴)上
take away
:拿開;拿走
take off
:脫掉
turn on
:開(開關)
turn off
:關(開關)
wake up
:叫醒
記憶方法:這種兩字動詞片語最惱人者,莫過於常背錯,若你仍未找到適當的方法,在此依經驗提供一個有效的方法,即在上述的兩字動詞中間,均加上 it 而後一起背,應會達到不錯的效果,如:
find it out  give it up  look it up  pick it up  put it down  put it on  turn it on/off  wake it up
想想看一:請將下列各句中劃線部分改為「人稱代名詞」,並填入空格中。
1. Your English will be much better than me if you never give up your English.
 ==> Your English will be much better than me if you never                  . 
2. There's trash everywhere. Let's pick up all the trash.
 ==> There's trash everywhere. Let's                  . 
3. It's 6:30 now. You can wake up the two children, or they'll be late for school.
 ==> It's 6:30 now. You can                  , or they'll be late for school.
4. It's cold today. Don't take off your jacket and sweater, or you will perhaps catch a cold.
 ==> It's cold today. Don't                  , or you will perhaps catch a cold.
5. Would you please put down the books in your hands and come to help me?
 ==> Would you please                   in your hands and come to help me?
想想看二:請將下列各句,翻譯成英文。
1. 請把水關掉。

2. 是誰把它們拿走的?

3. 最後,Martin 先生在公園的一棵樹下找到他兒子腳踏車。

4. 我需要桌燈,請幫我把它打開。(有兩句)

5. 她不懂這個字,所以要我用字典查一下。


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