Grammar
Focal Point 1
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Review: be
+ P.P.
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此句型為被動語態。當主動語態有以下狀況時，常改用被動語態：
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1. 主詞不明確
The church was built in the Middle
Ages.
這座教堂是在中世紀時被建造的。
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2. 主詞泛指所有人
Hakka food is known to be rich and
salty.
客家食物以重口味廣為人知。
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3. 動作及受詞的資訊較主詞重要
This problem has to be handled
immediately.
這個問題必須立刻被處理。
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Examples
● A fire is lit in Olympia , Greece
聖火在希臘奧林匹亞點燃，然後被帶到主辦城市的奧運主場館。
● The
flame is carried by relay, and it is considered a great honor to bear the
Olympic torch.
火焰以接力的方式傳遞，傳遞聖火被視為極大的榮譽。
● The
flame has to be carried in extreme
conditions.
聖火必須在極端的狀況下傳遞。
● The
flame has been adapted to withstand
other extreme conditions.
聖火曾被改造來抵擋其他極端的狀況。
● The
flame would be blown out during the
high-speed crossing.
火焰會在高速跨越中被吹熄。
● The torches were exposed to 100 km/h winds, -5°C
temperatures, rain, and even snow.
火把被曝露在風速高達每小時一百公里 的強風、攝氏零下五度的溫度、雨水，甚至大雪之中。
● The
torch can quickly be relit from a
reserve flame.
聖火可以很快地被備用火重新點燃。
● The backup fire is kept in a
specially-designed safety lamp, which is
also used to transport the Olympic
flame when it travels by air.
備用火被保存在一個特殊設計的安全燈裡，這盞燈也用於空中運輸奧運聖火。
(p.174)
Practice A Rewrite the following sentences by
using the pattern above.
1. Someone stole
my smartphone from my purse.
è My smartphone was stolen from my purse.
我的智慧型手機從我的皮包裡被偷了。
2. Someone invited Jenny to a dinner party last
night.
è Jenny
was invited to a dinner party last night.
Jenny昨晚被邀請至一個晚宴。
3. Someone left a message for me on my desk.
è A
message was left for me on my desk.
有一則留言被留在我的桌上。
4. Drunk driving causes many accidents.
è Many
accidents are caused by drunk driving.
很多意外事故是酒駕造成的。
5. The
fire burned down the whole building.
è The
whole building was burned down by the fire.
這整棟建築被大火燒毀了。
6. The airline canceled all its flights because of
bad weather.
è All
its flights were canceled by the airline because of bad weather.
因為壞天氣的關係，所有航班被航空公司取消。
(p.175)
Practice B Please fill in the following blanks
with the proper verb form.
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Last week, Taiwan 1 was hit by a severe typhoon. It brought a
great deal of rain and powerful winds, causing lots of damage. In the cities,
some areas 2 were flooded as a result of the heavy rainfall. In
addition, many power lines 3 were brought down by strong winds, cutting electricity
to over 550,000 households. In the mountains,
the typhoon had even more disastrous* effects. Many mountain roads 4 were blocked because of serious landslides, which
also destroyed the homes of some mountain villagers, and several people 5 were injured as a result. Thankfully, the mess
caused by the typhoon has gradually 6 been cleaned up and most people are getting back to
their normal lives now.
上個星期，臺灣被一個強烈颱風襲擊。它帶來大量雨水和強勁風勢，造成很多傷害。在城市裡，有些區域因為豪雨而淹水。除此之外，很多電纜被強風吹斷，造成超過550,000用戶無電可用。在山區，颱風有更具災難性的影響。很多山路因嚴重的土石流而被阻斷，土石流也摧毀一些山上村落居民的房子，並有數人因此而受傷。幸好，颱風造成的混亂已逐漸地被清理乾淨，大部分的民眾也開始恢復正常的生活。
Focal Point 2
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Adj/Adv + as/though + S + V..., S + V....
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此句型是由「Although/Though + S + V..., S +
V....」演化而來，將形容詞或副詞移至句首，用以加強語氣。
Although they
are
poor, the villagers enjoy a peaceful life.
 Adj
→ Poor as/though they are, the villagers
enjoy a peaceful life.
Adj
儘管他們很窮，村民還是享有平靜的生活。
Although Lloyd
works
hard, his boss is still not satisfied.
 Adv
→ Hard as/though Lloyd works, his boss is
still not satisfied.
Adv
儘管Lloyd努力工作，他的老闆還是不滿意。
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* disastrous adj.
災難性的
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(p.176)
Example
● Although it might sound crazy, sometimes the Olympic torch relay
includes an underwater portion.
è Crazy
as/though it might
sound, sometimes the Olympic torch relay includes an underwater portion.
儘管可能聽起來很瘋狂，奧運聖火傳遞有時候會在水中進行。
Practice Rewrite the
following sentences by using the patterns above.
1. Although
he is young, the boy seems to be very mature and thoughtful.
è Young as/though the boy is, he seems to
be very mature and thoughtful.
儘管那個男孩還年輕，他似乎非常成熟又細心。
2. Though
he is busy, our boss always makes time for his family.
è Busy
as/though the boss is, he always makes time for his family.
儘管很忙，我們的老闆還是會找出時間陪伴家人。
3. Though she
was tired and hungry, the scientist still kept doing the experiment.
è Tired
and hungry as/though the scientist was, she still kept doing the experiment.
儘管又累又餓，那位科學家還是繼續做實驗。
4. Although
the writer’s new book is interesting, some reviewers don’t like it.
è Interesting
as/though the writer’s new book is, some reviewers don’t like it.
儘管這位作家的新書很有趣，有些評論家還是不喜歡它。
5. Though
it was cold and windy, we still decided to go scuba diving.
è Cold and
windy as/though it was, we still decided to go scuba diving.
儘管天氣冷風又大，我們還是決定去潛水。
6. Although
the food looks delicious, I am too full to eat anything.
è Delicious
as/though the food looks, I am too full to eat anything.
儘管這些食物看起來很美味，我太飽什麼都吃不下。
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