UNIT 3
說明 1. and, but, or, so
1對等連接詞可用來連接兩個子句：and用來連接語意連貫的子句；but用來表示語意的轉折；or的語意表示選擇；so表示因果關係。
2除了子句外，對等連接詞還可以用來連接字詞和片語，注意連接的兩端必須是對等的，也就是「字詞」和「字詞」、「片語」和「片語」。
例句 1. The teacher began to put pebbles into the jar, and
the students watched.
(老師開始把小石頭放入瓶子，而學生們注視著。)
(老師開始把小石頭放入瓶子，而學生們注視著。)
2. Jack missed the school bus, so he took a
taxi to school.
(Jack錯過了校車，所以他搭計程車去學校。)
(Jack錯過了校車，所以他搭計程車去學校。)
3.You can come back later or wait here. (你可以晚點再回來或是在這裡等。)
練習 1. 記者問了歌手許多問題，不過這位歌手沒有回應。
The reporter asked the singer several questions, but the singer made no response.
The reporter asked the singer several questions, but the singer made no response.
2. Frank走到Jenny面前，並向她自我介紹。
Frank came
up to Jenny and introduced himself to her.
2. make + O
+ OC (Adj/N)
說明 此用法表示「使……變得……，使……成為……」的意思。make為不完全及物動詞，除了接受詞外，還須加上形容詞或名詞等受詞補語來說明受詞的狀態，這樣語意才會完整。
例句 1. The teacher poured enough sand into the jar to make
it full.
(老師倒了足夠的沙子讓瓶子滿起來。)
(老師倒了足夠的沙子讓瓶子滿起來。)
2. Eric's leadership soon made him the
president of students' union.
(Eric的領導能力很快地使他成了學生會會長。)
(Eric的領導能力很快地使他成了學生會會長。)
3. The girl's musical talent made her
a superstar.
(那女孩的音樂天賦使她成了超級巨星。)
(那女孩的音樂天賦使她成了超級巨星。)
練習 1. 比薩的味道讓我餓了。
The smell of pizza makes/made me hungry .
The smell of pizza makes/made me hungry .
2. 粗重的工作使Albert的雙手變得粗糙。
All the hard work makes/made Albert's hands rough .
All the hard work makes/made Albert's hands rough .
3. that is
(to say).... 也就是說
說明 that is to say置於句首加逗點隔開，可用來表示「換句話說，也就是說」的意思，而to say可省略。
例句 1. That is, if you concentrate too much on
the small things in life, you may miss the most important ones.
(也就是說，如果你太過專注於生命中的小事物，你可能會錯失最重要的事物。)
(也就是說，如果你太過專注於生命中的小事物，你可能會錯失最重要的事物。)
2. My father is my role model. That is to say,
I respect him a lot.
(我父親是我的楷模。也就是說，我很尊敬他。)
(我父親是我的楷模。也就是說，我很尊敬他。)
3. Michael and I go back 30 years. That is to
say, we have been good friends since we were kids. (Michael與我有30年的交情。也就是說，我們自從孩提時期就是好友了。)
練習 1. 這個塑膠碗是為小孩設計的。也就是說，它就算掉落也不會破裂。
This plastic bowl is designed for children. That is , it won't break even if it drops.
This plastic bowl is designed for children. That is , it won't break even if it drops.
2. 家庭是我的第一順位。也就是說，我認為我的家人比工作重要。
Family is my first priority . That is to say , I think my family is more important than my work.
Family is my first priority . That is to say , I think my family is more important than my work.
4. S + Vt +
O + by + N/Ving
說明 此句型為S + Vt + O的延伸用法，加上介系詞片語by + N/Ving可以用來補充說明「藉由……，透過……」之意。介系詞片語by + N/Ving可置於句首或句尾，置於句首時以逗號來與主要子句區隔。
例句 1. By making the jar an example of life,
the teacher showed his students the importance of setting priorities.
→ The teacher showed his students the importance of setting priorities by making the jar an example of life.
(藉由將玻璃瓶比喻為人生，老師教導學生安排優先順序的重要性。)
→ The teacher showed his students the importance of setting priorities by making the jar an example of life.
(藉由將玻璃瓶比喻為人生，老師教導學生安排優先順序的重要性。)
2. Although Wendy and Peter live in different cities,
they keep in touch by phone.
(雖然Wendy和Peter住在不同的城市，他們透過電話保持聯絡。)
3. Alex tried to win Jessica's heart by giving
her roses.
(Alex試著藉由送玫瑰花來贏得Jessica的芳心。)
(Alex試著藉由送玫瑰花來贏得Jessica的芳心。)
練習 1. Bryan透過電子郵件來寄發喜帖給他的親戚朋友們。
Bryan sent the wedding invitations to his relatives and friends by email .
Bryan sent the wedding invitations to his relatives and friends by email .
2. Tina提早做好功課以在週末和朋友出去玩。
By finishing her homework earlier, Tina will hang out with her friends on the weekend.
By finishing her homework earlier, Tina will hang out with her friends on the weekend.
5. get in
one's way 妨礙
說明 get in one's way可以用來表示「妨礙，擋……的路」，其它類似的用法有be in one's way或get in the way of sth。
例句 1. If you don't let the small things get in
your way, you will lead a happy life.
(如果你不讓小事情妨礙你，你將會過著快樂的生活。)
(如果你不讓小事情妨礙你，你將會過著快樂的生活。)
2. Once Frank makes up his mind, he doesn't let
anyone get in his way.
(一旦Frank下定決心，他不會讓任何人擋著他的路。)
(一旦Frank下定決心，他不會讓任何人擋著他的路。)
3. You shouldn't let computer games get in the
way of your studies.
(你不應該讓電動遊戲妨礙了你的課業。)
(你不應該讓電動遊戲妨礙了你的課業。)
練習 1. 你不應該讓這個口角妨礙了你和Julie的友誼。
You shouldn't let the fight get in the way of you and Julie's friendship.
You shouldn't let the fight get in the way of you and Julie's friendship.
2. 我想要進去教室，不過有幾個大箱子擋住了我的路。
I wanted to get into the classroom, but some big boxes were in my way .
I wanted to get into the classroom, but some big boxes were in my way .
( B
) 1. The rocks represent the most important things in your life, such as your
family, your friends, your health.
(A) but (B) and (C) or (D) for
(A) but (B) and (C) or (D) for
( C
) 2. Ben tried to put on the shirt, it was too small for him.
(A) or (B) so (C) but (D) if
(A) or (B) so (C) but (D) if
( A
) 3. Sandy poured all the water out of the bottle to make it .
(A) empty (B) emptily (C) emptied (D) emptying
(A) empty (B) emptily (C) emptied (D) emptying
( B ) 4. Anna likes to the movies and shopping when she has free time.
(A) going; to go (B) going; going
(C) going; go (D) go; to go
(A) going; to go (B) going; going
(C) going; go (D) go; to go
( C
) 5. Sam has finished his homework. is, he can go to the night market with his
friends tonight.
(A) What (B) Which (C) That (D) Where
(A) What (B) Which (C) That (D) Where
( A
) 6. Harry didn't offer any helpful suggestions. He was just getting my way.
(A) in (B) at (C) by (D) with
(A) in (B) at (C) by (D) with
( A
) 7. Claire got good grades on her tests studying hard.
(A) by (B) with (C) at (D) in
(A) by (B) with (C) at (D) in
( B
) 8. Ginny caught the bus, she forgot her lunchbox at home.
(A) or (B) but (C) after (D) for
(A) or (B) but (C) after (D) for
( D
) 9. Mandy is trying to lose weight by and less.
(A) exercise; eat (B) exercised; ate
(C) to exercise; to eat (D) exercising; eating
(A) exercise; eat (B) exercised; ate
(C) to exercise; to eat (D) exercising; eating
( C
) 10. Would you like coffee, juice?
(A) and (B) but (C) or (D) for
(A) and (B) but (C) or (D) for
II. 重組句子：將以下各句重組並做適當修改。
1. the teacher/his homework/didn't/James/do/and/wasn't
pleased
James didn't do his homework, and the teacher wasn't pleased.
2. It/was/stayed/raining/outside/Kevin/so/home
It was raining outside, so Kevin stayed home.
3. Helen's/made/a/famous/good voice/her/singer
Helen's good voice made her a famous singer.
Helen's good voice made her a famous singer.
4. Bob/his mother's birthday/cook/by/celebrated/a
big meal/for her
Bob celebrated his mother's birthday by cooking a
big meal for her.
5. is trying to/Alice/her
coffee/make/by/sweet/add/sugar
III. 引導式翻譯：每格限填一字。
1. Iris會與我們同行還是她會待在家？
Will Iris come with us or stay at home?
Will Iris come with us or stay at home?
2. Tiffany的善良讓她在學校很受歡迎。
Tiffany's kindness made/makes her popular in school.
Tiffany's kindness made/makes her popular in school.
3. Eliza接受了Jimmy的道歉。也就是說，他們又是朋友了。
Eliza accepted Jimmy's apologies. That is to say , they are now friends again.
Eliza accepted Jimmy's apologies. That is to say , they are now friends again.
4. 在夏天，人們藉由配戴太陽眼鏡來保護眼睛。
In summer, people protect their eyes by wearing sunglasses.
In summer, people protect their eyes by wearing sunglasses.
5. 你能幫我搬開這些沉重的箱子嗎？它們擋住我的路。
Could you help me move these heavy boxes? They are in my way .
Could you help me move these heavy boxes? They are in my way .
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