UNIT 7
1. S + V +疑問詞(why/who/whom/what/when/where/how) + S (+ Aux) +
V....
說明 1此句型為疑問詞引導名詞子句的間接問句用法，疑問詞所引導的名詞子句為主要子句的受詞。不同於一般的疑問句的形式，間接問句的主詞和動詞不用倒裝，以直述句的方式呈現，即S (+ Aux) + V。注意疑問句中的助動詞do/does/did通常不用於名詞子句。
2使用的疑問詞視句意不同而改變: why表示「理由」、who和whom表示「人」、what表示「事物」、when表示「時間」、where表示「地點」、how表示「方法」。
3在此句型中，句尾的標點符號由主要子句決定。若主要子句為直述句，該句以句點結尾；若主要子句為疑問句，該句則以問號結尾。
例句 1. Do you know why flowers bloom
in spring? (你知道為什麼花開在春天嗎？)
2. Can you tell me where the restroom
is? (你可以告訴我洗手間在哪裡嗎？)
3. I don't know who the girl in red is. (我不知道穿著紅色的女孩是誰。)
練習 1. 你可以告訴我現在幾點了嗎？
Can you tell me what time it is ?
Can you tell me what time it is ?
2. 我不知道會議什麼時候開始。
I don't know when the meeting starts .
I don't know when the meeting starts .
2. S + Vt + IO + DO
→ S + Vt + DO + Prep + IO
→ S + Vt + DO + Prep + IO
說明 1此句型裡的動詞稱為授與動詞，是及物動詞(Vt)的一種。授與動詞有兩個受詞(O)：一個是授予的事物，為直接受詞(DO)；另一個則是給予的對象，稱作間接受詞(IO)。
2授與動詞後方可先加間接受詞，再加上直接受詞。但是，若授與動詞後方欲先加上直接受詞，則須於其後加上介系詞(Prep)，例如to或for等，再加上間接受詞。
3常見的授與動詞和其搭配的介系詞如下：
(1) bring/give/lend/sell/send/show/teach/tell/... + DO + to + IO
(2) bring/buy/get/make... + DO + for + IO
(1) bring/give/lend/sell/send/show/teach/tell/... + DO + to + IO
(2) bring/buy/get/make... + DO + for + IO
4如果直接受詞是代名詞，如it或them時，必須以代名詞加上介系詞後，再加間接受詞的方式呈現。
例句 1. Demeter gave Persephone all of her
love.
→ Demeter gave all her love to Persephone. (狄蜜特給波瑟芬妮她全部的愛。)
→ Demeter gave all her love to Persephone. (狄蜜特給波瑟芬妮她全部的愛。)
2. Fred bought his girlfriend a
new purse.
→ Fred bought a new purse for his girlfriend. (Fred買了新皮包給他的女朋友。)
→ Fred bought a new purse for his girlfriend. (Fred買了新皮包給他的女朋友。)
3. Ginny made her mother a cake
on her birthday.
(Ginny在她媽媽生日那天做了個蛋糕給她。)
(Ginny在她媽媽生日那天做了個蛋糕給她。)
練習 1. 我把我的筆記本借給了Denise。
I lent my notebook to Denise.
I lent my notebook to Denise.
2. Peter從美國寄了張明信片給我。
Peter sent me a postcard from the United States.
3. because
of
說明 because of 為介系詞片語，表示「因為……」，後面須接名詞或名詞片語。注意單獨because則為從屬連接詞，後面需接副詞子句，不可接名詞。兩者皆可置於句首或句中，置於句首時須加逗點隔開。
例句 1. Trees
were fruitful and blooming all the time because of Demeter.
(因為狄蜜特，樹木總是結實纍纍、開花不斷。)
(因為狄蜜特，樹木總是結實纍纍、開花不斷。)
2. Because of the delayed train, Sam
was late.
→ Because the train was delayed, Sam was late. (Sam因為火車誤點而遲到。)
→ Because the train was delayed, Sam was late. (Sam因為火車誤點而遲到。)
3. Carlos quit smoking because of his
daughter. (Carlos因為他的女兒而戒菸。)
練習 1. 農民們因為今年的豐收感到愉快。
The farmers were delighted because of the good harvest this year.
The farmers were delighted because of the good harvest this year.
2. Bertha因為感人的電影哭了。
Bertha cried because of the touching movie.
Bertha cried because of the touching movie.
4. S1
+ V1 + .... 連接副詞(Adv), S2
+ V2 ....
說明 1連接副詞(conjunctive adverb)為具有連接功能的副詞，主要的目的在於連接兩個獨立子句，讓語意更為順暢。注意連接副詞雖然能連接語意，但不為連接詞，所以使用連接副詞連接兩個獨立子句時，第一個子句要用分號或句號，而不是逗號。
2常見的連接副詞: however、nevertheless表示「然而」，thus、therefore表示「因此」，as a result表示「結果」， besides、in addition、moreover示「此外」。
例句 1. Hades
instantly fell in love with Persephone. Therefore, he quickly seized
her.
(黑帝斯馬上就愛上了波瑟芬妮。因此，他立刻抓住她。)
(黑帝斯馬上就愛上了波瑟芬妮。因此，他立刻抓住她。)
2. The old man is very rich; however, money
can't buy happiness.
(這位老先生非常的富有。然而，金錢買不到幸福。)
(這位老先生非常的富有。然而，金錢買不到幸福。)
3. Amanda didn't sleep well last night. Thus,
she fell asleep in class.
(Amanda昨晚沒睡好。因此，她在課堂上睡著了。)
(Amanda昨晚沒睡好。因此，她在課堂上睡著了。)
練習 1. 這位有名的演員演出了很多電影。此外，他也寫了一些他自己的歌。
The famous actor has starred in a lot of movies. In addition , he has also written some of his own songs.
The famous actor has starred in a lot of movies. In addition , he has also written some of his own songs.
2. Jimmy整晚熬夜，結果他睡過頭而上學遲到了。
Jimmy stayed up all night. As a result , he overslept and was late for school.
Jimmy stayed up all night. As a result , he overslept and was late for school.
5.
so...that...
說明 so...that...表示「如此……以至於……」的意思，so後面可接形容詞或副詞，而that引導表示「結果」的子句。另外，such...that...也表示「如此……以至於……」的意思，但such後面只能接名詞。
例句 1. A
mother's love is so powerful that it can even change nature.
→ A mother's love is such a powerful thing that it can even change nature.
(母親的愛是如此強大，甚至可以改變自然界。)
→ A mother's love is such a powerful thing that it can even change nature.
(母親的愛是如此強大，甚至可以改變自然界。)
2. Carrie always speaks so fast that
I can hardly understand her.
(Carrie總是話說得太快，以至於我幾乎聽不懂她在說什麼。)
(Carrie總是話說得太快，以至於我幾乎聽不懂她在說什麼。)
3. Clark was so
busy that he didn't have time for lunch.
(Clark是如此地忙碌以至於他沒時間吃中餐。)
(Clark是如此地忙碌以至於他沒時間吃中餐。)
練習 1. Alex為他的演講到如此緊張，以至於他整晚輾轉難眠。
Alex was so nervous about his speech that he tossed and turned all night.
Alex was so nervous about his speech that he tossed and turned all night.
2. Debbie的心情糟到她吃不下任何東西。
Debbie was in such a bad mood that she couldn't eat anything.
Debbie was in such a bad mood that she couldn't eat anything.
( C ) 1. Larry
won't tell me
(A) what is his secret? (B) how is his secret?
(C) what his secret is. (D) how his secret is.
(A) what is his secret? (B) how is his secret?
(C) what his secret is. (D) how his secret is.
( A ) 2. Do
you want to know where
(A) I bought this watch? (B) did I bought this watch.
(C) I bought this watch. (D) did I bought this watch?
(A) I bought this watch? (B) did I bought this watch.
(C) I bought this watch. (D) did I bought this watch?
( D
) 3. David his
daughter a pink bicycle.
(A) bought for (B) was bought (C) bought to (D) bought
(A) bought for (B) was bought (C) bought to (D) bought
( B ) 4. Fiona her ring Rosetta.
(A) sold; from (B) sold;
to (C) gave; for
(D) gave; from
( B ) 5. Elsa loves playing the violin. , her mother sent her to a music school.
(A) However (B)
Therefore (C) In addition (D) Nevertheless
( A ) 6. The baseball game was canceled because .
(A) of the
bad weather (B) the bad weather
(C) of the weather is bad (D) the weather bad
(C) of the weather is bad (D) the weather bad
( A ) 7. When Pandora opened the box, all the bad
things came out. , hope was still inside.
(A) Nevertheless (B)
Therefore (C) Thus
(D) Besides
( C ) 8. Ray called in sick because .
(A) of he
has a fever (B) his fever
(C) he has a fever (D) of has fever
(C) he has a fever (D) of has fever
( D ) 9. Norah was tired she fell asleep on her desk.
(A) very; why (B) such;
that (C) too; to (D)
so; that
( B ) 10. The movie was scary Helen covered her eyes with her hands.
(A) very; why (B) so;
that (C) too; to (D)
such; that
II. 改錯：挑出語法有誤的選項，並加以改正。
( C ) where the hotel is 1.
Samuel does not know where is the hotel.
(A) (B)
(C)
( A ) so 2.
Harry was very hungry that
he ate two lunchboxes.
(A) (B)
(C)
( B ) because 3.
Jenny didn’t pick up the
phone because of she was asleep.
(A) (B) (C)
( B ) × 4.
Emma brought to her
friends some chocolate from France
(A) (B) (C)
( A ) such 5.
I had so a great time
in Italy
(A)
(B) (C)
III. 引導式翻譯：每格限填一字。
1. Danny 不知道為什麼Iris會對他生氣。
Danny doesn't know why Iris is angry with him.
Danny doesn't know why Iris is angry with him.
2. Zoe直到考前最後一刻才唸書。結果，她考試考得不好。
Zoe didn't study for her test until the last moment. as a result , she didn't do well on the test.
Zoe didn't study for her test until the last moment. as a result , she didn't do well on the test.
3. Lydia因為健康問題必須辭掉工作。
Lydia had to quit her job because of her health problem.
Lydia had to quit her job because of her health problem.
4. George在Denise生日那天買了一些花給她。
George bought some flowers for Denise on her birthday.
George bought some flowers for Denise on her birthday.
5. Nina心情好到她開始唱歌。
Nina was in such a good mood that she started singing.
Nina was in such a good mood that she started singing.
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