Unit 3
1. Noun Clauses as Subjects or Objects
說明 1. 名詞子句可在句子中作主詞(subject)或受詞(object)，視為單數。可引導名詞子句的連接詞有that及wh疑問詞(who、why、where、what、when、how、whether)等。
2. 由that所引導的名詞子句作受詞時常省略that，作主詞時則that不可省略。
例句 1. Moreover, how the stories progress
is also always full of surprises.
(此外，故事的發展也總是充滿驚奇。)
2. Peter didn't know why
his sister suddenly started laughing.
(Peter不知道為什麼他妹妹突然笑了。)
3. Cindy realized (that)
her bicycle has been stolen.
(Cindy發現她的腳踏車被偷了。)
練習 1. the marathon/came in
first/heard/I/just/in/that Tracy
2. has done/What/the guilty man/unforgivable/is
2. can't help + Ving
but + V
說明 此句型表示「忍不住……，不得不……」。can't help but後面接原形動詞，若只有can't help則接動名詞(Ving)。
例句 1. As the movies proceed, audiences can't
help laughing and crying, and then grow with these characters.
(隨著電影情節發展，觀眾忍不住歡笑和淚水，並且和這些角色一起成長。)
2. I couldn't help but cry after watching the sad movie.
2. I couldn't help but cry after watching the sad movie.
(看完了傷心的電影，我忍不住哭了出來。)
3. Emma couldn't help but scream
when she saw the cockroach in her room. (Emma在她房間看見蟑螂時，她忍不住尖叫了。)
練習 1. Joanne聽到笑話時忍不住笑了出來。
Joanne when she heard the joke.
2. Harry忍不住把美味的冰淇淋蛋糕吃完了。
Harry eat up the delicious ice cream cake.
3. N + who/which/that + be Vpp... → N + Vpp...
說明 過去分詞片語為限定用法的關係子句簡化而來。關係子句為被動語態時，可省略關係代名詞及be動詞，只保留過去分詞(Vpp)來修飾先行詞(N)。
例句 1. The challenges and difficulties which are faced by these characters
in the stories actually reflect real life.
→ The challenges and
difficulties faced by these characters in the stories actually
reflect real life.
(這些角色面對的挑戰及困境其實反映了真實人生。)
2. The vase that was broken by the customer
costs 8,000 NT dollars.
→
The vase broken by the customer costs 8,000 NT dollars.
(那位客人打破的花瓶要價新台幣8,000元。)
3. The people who were hurt in the accident were sent to the
hospital immediately.
→
The people hurt in the accident were sent to the hospital
immediately.
(這場意外中受傷的人們立刻被送往醫院。)
練習 1. The blueberry pie
which was made by my best friend is delicious. (改寫句子)
2. The actor who was followed by the paparazzi became furious. (改寫句子)
4. wh + S + V → wh + to V
說明 疑問詞wh (whom、what、when、where、which、how)引導的名詞子句中， 若句意為「應該……」或「可以……」，通常可簡化成名詞片語(wh + to V)。此類的名詞子句中常搭配should、can或could等助動詞。
例句 1. His experiences teach people how they
can handle and overcome the difficult times.
→ His experiences teach
people how to handle and overcome the difficult times.
(他的經驗教導人們如何應付和克服難關。)
2. Whenever I have
doubts, I ask my mother what I should do.
→ Whenever I have doubts, I
ask my mother what to do.
(每當我有疑慮的時候，我都問我母親我該怎麼做。)
3. The chef will tell you
when you should turn off the heat.
→ The chef will tell you when
to turn off the heat.
(主廚會告訴你什麼時候關火。)
練習 1. Vicky doesn't know
where she can buy the ingredients for the cookie.
(改寫句子)
→
2. The video shows
people how they can put on scary makeup for Halloween.
(改寫句子)
→
5. consider A (to be) B
說明 consider A (to be) B表示「把……視為……」之意。consider亦可用think of代換，用think of時則不用to be，寫作think of A as B。
例句 1. Although children are usually considered
to be the target audience for animated films, Pixar movies are not meant
for kids only.
(雖然小孩常常被視為動畫片的目標觀眾，皮克斯電影不只適合小孩。)
2. The evil queen considers herself (to
be) the most beautiful woman in the world.
(邪惡的皇后視自己為世界上最美麗的女人。)
3. The students consider
the activity fun and successful.
→
The students think of the activity as fun and successful.
(這個活動被學生認為是有趣又成功的。)
練習 1. 公司裡很多員工都認為Mark是個傑出的經理。
Many workers in the company Mark
excellent manager.
2. Mandy認為新同學有自信又外向。
Mandy
the
new student as confident and outgoing.
實力評量
( ) 1. The girl was so
beautiful that George couldn't help ____ at her.
(A) stare (B)
staring (C) to stare (D) stares
( ) 2. My family
considers our dog ____ a family member.
(A) for (B)
to (C) at (D) ×
( ) 3. That Laura and
Nick are in a relationship ____ known to the whole class.
(A) is (B)
are (C) be (D) to be
( ) 4. Seeing the
horrible sight, the little boy couldn't help ____ with fear.
(A) shake (B)
to shake (C) but shaking (D) shaking
( ) 5. Nancy doesn't
know ____ talk to about her worries.
(A) whom she (B)
whom to (C) whom (D) whom can she
( ) 6. The paintings ____
in the museum are worth more than five million dollars.
(A) shown (B)
show (C) shows (D) to show
( ) 7. Do you know ____
repair the computer?
(A) how can (B)
how to (C) how can I (D) how
( ) 8. I think of my
mother ____ the greatest woman in the world.
(A) for (B)
as (C) with (D) ×
( ) 9. The man claimed ____
he was innocent of the crime.
(A) to be (B)
which (C) what (D) that
( ) 10. The note ____
on the wall says, “please keep quiet.”
(A) to stick (B)
sticks (C) stuck (D) stick
II. 改寫句子：依據提示字將以下各句改寫。
1. Susan gave up her violin lessons. She regretted it. (用that引導名詞子句改寫)
→
2. The
river which is filled with trash smells disgusting. (用N + Vpp改寫)
→
3. Sally gave me some tips on how I can improve my English. (用名詞片語改寫)
→
III. 重組句子：將以下各句重組並做適當修改
1. in front of/all the delicious
food/I/eating/couldn't help/me
2. exercising/I/consider/to be/every day/important
IV. 引導式翻譯：每格限填一字。
1. Linda喜歡炫耀她的財富，這使她不受歡迎。
Linda likes to brag about her wealth her
unpopular.
2. 那個知名舞蹈團體的舞蹈演出非常美妙。
The dance performance g by the famous dance group was beautiful.
The dance performance g by the famous dance group was beautiful.
3. 牆上有兩個開關，而Judy不知道要開哪一個。
There are two switches on the wall, and Judy doesn't know flip.
There are two switches on the wall, and Judy doesn't know flip.
4. 電視節目無聊到我忍不住睡著了。
The TV show was so boring that I but asleep.
The TV show was so boring that I but asleep.
5. 臺灣人認為中元節是最重要的節日之一。
People in Taiwan Ghost festival one of the most important festivals.
People in Taiwan Ghost festival one of the most important festivals.
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