文法講座十三：特殊的「雖然…；儘管…」句型
「雖然…；儘管…」句型寫法如下：
Adj / Adv + as + 主詞1 + 動詞1, 主詞2 + 動詞2
例句：雖然她很窮，但她還是過著快樂的生活。
Poor as she is, she
leads a happy life.
[形容詞] [主詞1] [動詞1] [主詞2] [動詞2]
Although she is poor, she leads a happy life.
[連接詞「雖然；儘管」，也可換成 though 或 while ]
She is poor, but
she leads a happy life.
[連接詞「但是」，也可換成 whereas ]
例句：雖然 Tim 很努力K書，但他英文還是考不及格。
Hard as Tim studied, he failed
the English test.
[副詞] [主詞1] [動詞1] [主詞2] [動詞2]
Although Tim studied hard, he failed the English test.
[連接詞「雖然；儘管」，也可換成 though 或 while]
Tim studied hard, but
he failed the English test.
[連接詞「但是」，也可換成 whereas]
文法講座十四：主詞和動詞一致
英文句子的基本結構為：主詞 + 動詞 + 地點 + 時間；其中「主詞」和 「動詞」為必備要件，缺一不可，而「地點」和「時間」則可有可無。
分析句子結構時，得先找出「動詞」，「動詞」之前的部分即為「主詞」。「主詞」和 「動詞」需一致的的意思就是：「單數」主詞需搭配「單數」動詞，而「複數」主詞則需搭配「複數」動詞。
例句：斑馬身上的條紋幫助它躲避敵人。
A zebra’s stripes help this animal
hide from its enemies.
[主詞] [動詞]
主詞「斑馬身上的條紋」中，「斑馬的」為形容詞，不會影響動詞單複數，故重點在名詞「條紋」，stripes
為複數，需搭配「複數」動詞 help。
例句：撤銷贊助所有學校活動這決議已引發軒然大波。
The decision to withdraw all support from the school activities has caused an uproar.
[主詞]
[動詞]
主詞「撤銷贊助所有學校活動這決議」中，「to withdraw…activities」補充說明「決議」內容，為「主詞補語」，不會影響動詞單複數，故重點在名詞「決議」，the decision 為單數，需搭配「單數」動詞 has caused。
例句：陳偉殷，以及他的對友，在棒球場上是個可怕難纏的對手。
Wei-Yin Chen, together with his teammates,
presents a formidable opponent
in the baseball field.
[主詞]
[插入的補述句] [動詞]
「插入的補述句」不會影響動詞單複數，故重點在主詞「陳偉殷」，主詞為單數，需搭配「單數」動詞
presents。
例句：站在兩個醋勁大發的女友間的那名男子，突然被一張天外飛來的椅子擊中。
Suddenly, the man
standing between his two jealous girlfriends was
hit by a flying chair.
[主詞]
[動詞]
主詞「站在兩個醋勁大發的女友間的那名男子」中，「站在女友間的」( standing …
girlfriends )為「形容詞」，不會影響動詞單複數，故重點在名詞「男子」，the man 為單數，需搭配「單數」動詞 was hit。
例句：兩個女孩都還沒交英文作文。
Neither of the girls has turned in the
English compositions.
[主詞] [動詞]
主詞由「數量詞 of 名詞」組成，動詞單複數必須視「數量詞」而定。數量詞 neither 意指「沒半個」，為單數，需搭配「單數」動詞 has turned。
文法講座十五：介係詞「雖然儘管」despite；in spite of
介係詞「雖然；儘管」despite、in
spite of、for all、with all，用於承接語意有所轉折的句子，後方都需搭配「名詞」。而「雖然；儘管」despite the fact that 和 in spite of the fact
that 為「連接詞」，後方需連接「句子」( 主詞 + 動詞 )。
例句：儘管生病了，Helen昨天還是去上學。
■ 可用「介係詞」來寫：
Despite her illness,
Helen went to school yesterday.
[介係詞] [名詞]
可將「介係詞」despite 換成 in
spite of、for all 或 with all。
■ 也可用「連接詞」改寫：
Although she was sick, Helen went
to school yesterday.
[連接詞] [主詞1] [動詞1] [主詞2] [動詞2]
可將「連接詞」although 換成 though、even though 或while。
Despite the fact that she was sick, Helen went
to school yesterday.
[連接詞] [主詞1] [動詞1] [主詞2] [動詞2]
可將「連接詞」despite the fact that 換成 in spite of the fact that。
■ 也可用特殊的「雖然…；儘管…」句型來改寫：[ 詳細解說可見 文法講座
13 ]
Sick as she was, Helen
went to school yesterday.
[形容詞] [主詞1] [動詞1] [主詞2] [動詞2]
例句：雖然我擁有所有必備條件，但我還是沒被錄取。
■ 可用「介係詞」來寫：
I didn't get the job despite
having all the necessary
qualifications.
[介係詞] [名詞]
■ 也可用「連接詞」改寫：
I didn't get the job despite
the fact that I had all the necessary qualifications.
[連接詞] 主詞] [動詞]
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