句型重點解析 UNIT 4.1

 UNIT 1

 1. ...and S + Aux/be, too. → ...and so + Aux/be + S.

...and S + Aux/be not (...), either. → ...and neither + Aux/be + S (...).

說明

1. 此句型為將too「也」或not...either「也不」的句子代換成以so或neither為首的句子。

2. so或neither置於句首時，句子的主詞和(助)動詞須倒裝。

例句

1. Today, the Internet plays a crucial part in this kind of search process, and various online communities do, too.

→ Today, the Internet plays a crucial part in this kind of search process, and so do various online communities.

(今日，網際網路在這種搜尋過程中扮演重要角色，各種網路社群也是。)

2. I am not interested in math, and my sister isn’t, either.

→ I am not interested in math, and neither is my sister.

(我對數學不感興趣，我的妹妹也沒興趣。)

3. Michael plays basketball well, and his son does, too.

→ Michael plays basketball well, and so does his son.

(Michael籃球打得好，他的兒子也是。)

 

2. as soon as

說明

1. as soon as為從屬連接詞，表示「一……就……」，用以連接兩個發生時間點很

接近的子句。

2. as soon as所引導的附屬子句欲表示將來會發生的事情時，多用現在簡單式代替未來式。

 例句

1. As soon as the video was shared online, this student was identified by many netizens.  (影片一在網路上公開，這名學生的身分就被許多網民指認出來。)

2. As soon as the little girl heard her mother’s voice, she burst into tears.

(小女孩一聽到她媽媽的聲音，便立刻放聲大哭。)

3. The police will inform you as soon as they catch the thief.

(警察一抓到那名小偷，就會馬上通知你。)

 

3. V₁-ing... + is/was/V₂....

說明

1. 動名詞(V-ing)當主詞視為單數，故搭配的動詞須用單數形。

2. 動名詞在句中作主詞時，多表示某種經驗或已知的事情。

 例句

1. Asking mutual friends about this friend was the only thing that most people could do.  (大多數人唯一能做的便是向同樣也認識這位朋友的朋友們詢問。)

2. Learning at least one foreign language is helpful to your future career.

(學習至少一種外國語言對你未來就業很有幫助。)

3. Doing exercise every day helps you keep fit.

(每天做運動幫助你維持身材。)

 

4. V₁-ing..., S + V₂....

說明

1. 此句型為副詞子句所簡化而成的分詞構句，其主要子句和副詞子句的主詞須相同，此句型才能成立。

2. 簡化時先將連接詞和其後之主詞省略，再將副詞子句中的動詞改為現在分詞(V-ing)以表示主動語態。

例句

1. After they used human flesh search engines, some netizens, especially dog lovers, were able to track down this man.

→ Using human flesh search engines, some netizens, especially dog lovers, were able to track down this man.

(一些網民們，特別是愛狗人士，使用人肉搜尋引擎後，便能夠找出這名男子。)

2. As soon as the man saw the police, he ran away.

→ Seeing the police, the man ran away. 

(那名男子一看到警察就跑走了。)

3. Because I was taking a shower, I didn’t hear the phone ring.

→ Taking a shower, I didn’t hear the phone ring.

(因為在洗澡，我沒有聽到電話響。)

 

5. S + V₁..., and + S + V₂.... → S + V₁..., V₂-ing....

說明

此句型為對等子句所簡化而成的分詞構句。當對等子句前後主詞相同時，可將對

等連接詞後的主詞與連接詞刪除，並將動詞改為現在分詞(V-ing)，形成分詞構句，

以表示「兩個動作發生的順序」或「附帶動作」。

 

例句

1. A few netizens may even become violent, and they take advantage of their freedom of speech to get their own justice.

→ A few netizens may even become violent, taking advantage of their freedom of speech to get their own justice.

(有些網民甚至會變得很暴力，利用自己的言論自由伸張自以為是的正義。)

2. The dog sat in the doorway, and it waited for its owner to come home.

→ The dog sat in the doorway, waiting for its owner to come home.

(這隻狗坐在門口，等待主人回家。)

3. Cathy smiled at me, and she handed me a note.

→ Cathy smiled at me, handing me a note.

(Cathy對我微笑，遞了一張紙條給我。)

  

實力評量

I. 選擇題：依據下列各題句意，選出一個最符合語法的答案。

(　) 1. ________ a walk along the river, we heard a cry for help.
(A) Take        (B) To take        (C) Taking                 (D) To taking

(　) 2. I often stay at home on weekends, and ________ does my husband.
(A) too                    (B) so                        (C) either                  (D) neither

(　) 3. Monica can never be a good cook, and ________ can I.
(A) so                     (B) neither                (C) too                      (D) either

(　) 4. Grace jumped with joy ________ she heard the good news.
(A) as long as         (B) as much as          (C) as soon as           (D) as well as

(　) 5. Taking care of a baby ________ a lot of hard work.
(A) require             (B) requires              (C) requiring             (D) to require

(　) 6. ________ no money, Jack started to steal.
(A) Have                (B) Had                     (C) To have               (D) Having

(　) 7. Tommy lay on the bed, ________ to music.
(A) listen                (B) listened               (C) listening             (D) and listening

(　) 8. The kind man got off his car, ________ the old lady cross the road.
(A) helping            (B) helped                 (C) helps                   (D) help

(　) 9. Listening to English songs ________ a good way to learn English.
(A) to be                 (B) be                        (C) are                       (D) is

(　) 10. As soon as Bill ________ paid, he will return the money to you.

(A) got                 (B) get                       (C) gets                     (D) will get

 

II. 改錯：挑出語法有誤的選項，並加以改正。

(　) ____________ 1. Polly didn’t do well on the test, and neither didn’t I.

                            (A)    (B)           (C)   (D)

(　) ____________ 2. Tina stared at the night sky, looked for the brightest star.

                           (A)            (B)  (C)     (D)

(　) ____________ 3. Finished the homework, Johnny started to play computer

                    (A)                       (B)   (C)

games.

     (D)

(　) ____________ 4. As soon as I will arrive at the airport, I will call you.

                         (A)    (B)  (C)            (D)

(　) ____________ 5. Singing in front of many people are never easy for me.

                    (A)     (B)              (C)         (D)

 

III. 引導式翻譯：每格限填一字。

1. 向你所愛的人道歉需要有很大的勇氣。

________ to your loved ones t________ a lot of courage.

2. 魔杖一斷掉，咒語就失靈了。

________ ________ ________ the magic wand was broken, the spell couldn’t work.

3. Brenda還沒找到她的真命天子，我也還沒。

Brenda has not found her Mr. Right, ________ ________ ________ I.

4. 男子抓住他受傷的腿，痛苦地尖叫著。

The man grabbed his wounded leg, ________ in pain.

5. 在街上巧遇我失聯已久的朋友時，我給了她一個大大的擁抱。

R________ ________ my long-lost friend on the street, I gave her a big hug.