UNIT 3
1. There be + N +
V-ing/Vpp....
說明
[1] 此句型為關係子句簡化的分詞用法，以現在分詞(V-ing)表示「主動或進行」，用過去分詞(Vpp)表示「被動」。
[2] 此句型多以表示「人或事物存在狀態」，省略關係代名詞與be動詞。
例句
1. There is evidence suggesting
that the origin of April Fools’ Day dates back to medieval
→ There is evidence that suggests that the origin of April Fools’
Day dates back to medieval
France. (有證據顯示，愚人節的起源可追溯到中世紀的法國。)
2. In
→ In Africa, there
are lots of people who die of hunger every day.
(在非洲，每天都有許多人死於飢餓。)
3. In the library, there are thousands of
books and magazines checked out.
→ In the
library, there are thousands of books and magazines which/that were
checked out.
(在圖書館有成千上萬的書與雜誌被借閱。)
2. with + O + OC
(Adj/V-ing/Vpp)
說明
[1] 此句型以with附帶「狀況、狀態」的獨立分詞構句，可接形容詞、現在分詞或過去分詞。
[2] 分詞片語作為受詞補語時，現在分詞(V-ing)表示「主動或進行」，過去分詞(Vpp)表示「被動」。
例句
1. People then gathered around the airfield with their
cameras ready.
(人們準備好相機聚集在機場附近。)
2. It is amazing that Terry can still type quickly with
his right hand injured.
(驚奇的是Terry右手受了傷仍然打字很快。)
3. The young single mother hugged her baby with tears
rolling down her cheeks.
(這個年輕的單親媽媽手抱著小嬰兒，眼淚滑落雙頰。)
3. S +
feel/hear/listen to/look/see/smell/watch + O + V/V-ing
說明
[1] 此為感官動詞的用法，為使語意完整，在受詞後接受詞補語。
[2] 受詞補語若為「主動動作者」，接原形動詞或現在分詞。
[3] 原形動詞強調「動作的完整過程」，而現在分詞則強調「動作正進行的狀態」。
例句
1. If you see a cow flying overhead, you
had better check the calendar before calling the police.
(如果你看到一頭牛從頭上飛過，報警之前最好還是先看一下日曆。)
2. Joyce listened to Sarah sing/singing a
beautiful song quietly.
(Joyce安靜地聆聽Sarah唱首動人的歌曲。)
3. When I was about to fall asleep, I suddenly heard
someone knock/knocking on my door.
(就在我快要睡著的時侯，我突然聽到有人敲我的門。)
4. S + had better
+ V 最好還是……
→ It would be
better + for sb + to V
說明
[1] 此片語後須接原形動詞，用於表示「最好還是……」之意。
[2] 也可以使用
“It would be better for sb + to V” 來替換。
例句
1. If you see a cow flying overhead, you had better
check the calendar before calling the police.
→ It would
be better for you to check the
calendar before calling the police if you see a cow
flying overhead. (如果你看到一頭牛從頭上飛過，報警之前最好還是先看一下日曆。)
2. We had better stay home during the
typhoon.
→ It would
be better for us to stay home during
the typhoon.
(颱風天時我們最好還是待在家裡。)
3. You had better make a reservation two
months ago if you want to have a dinner with your girlfriend at that restaurant
on Valentine’s Day.
→ It would
be better for you to make a
reservation two months ago if you want to have a dinner
with your girlfriend at that
restaurant on Valentine’s Day.
(如果你想要情人節時和女友在那家餐廳共進晚餐，你最好兩個月前預定。)
5. rather than 而不是……
說明
[1] rather than為介系詞片語，用以連接兩個文法上對等關係的字詞，表達「而不是……」之意，可以接名詞(N)、形容詞(Adj)、副詞(Adv)、不定詞(to V)和動名詞(V-ing)等。此外相同意思為instead of +N/V-ing。
[2] rather than接動詞時，可以視句子結構而做動詞變化。
例句
1. You can call this person an “April Fish” rather
than an “April Fool.”
→ You can call
this person an “April Fish” instead of an “April Fool.”
(你可以稱此人為「四月之魚」，而不是「四月的傻子」。)
2. We can go
bicycling tomorrow rather than stay
at home all day.
→ We can go
bicycling tomorrow instead of staying at home all day.
(我們明天可以去騎腳踏車，而不是整天待在家裡。)
3. Shelly solved
this problem by herself rather than asked
for others’ help.
→ Shelly
solved this problem by herself instead of asking for others’
help.
(Shelly自己解決這個問題，而不是尋求他人的協助。)
實力評量
( )1.It is impolite to talk ________ your mouth ________.
(A)
with; filling (B) ×; filling (C) with; full (D) ×; full
( )2.I saw Peter and Mary ________ down the road on my way to the
supermarket.
(A)
walked (B) walking (C) are walking (D) to walk
( )3.There was no one ________ in the earthquake.
(A)
injuring (B) injured (C) injure (D) who injured
( )4.You ________ down since it is raining now.
(A)
have better slow(B) have better to slow (C)
had better to (D) had better slow
( )5.Stacey likes chocolate cake ________ cheesecake.
(A)
rather than (B) instead (C) with (D) than
( )6.When I watched TV in the living room, I felt something ________
up my back.
(A)
crawled (B) to crawl (C) crawling (D) is crawling
( )7.
(A)
with; packing (B) ×; packed (C) ×; packing (D) with; packed
( )8.It would be better ________ young children ________ enough sleep
to stay healthy.
(A)
to; having (B) for; to have (C) for; having (D) to; to have
( )9.There were numbers of fans ________ for Lady Gaga to arrive at
the airport.
(A)
waiting (B) wait (C) waited (D)
to wait
( )10.Sophia got angry with me ________ patiently listening to me.
(A)
instead of (B) than (C) rather (D)
instead
II. 配合題：從以下框中選出最適合的答案，以完成句子。
|
(A) ...built in the forest. (B) ...with its fuel leaking. (C) ...to go to the doctor now, or you
will be getting worse. (D) ...burning from the neighbor next to
us.. (E) ...rather than drive. |
_____1. The bus ran in the tunnel...
_____2. It would be better for you...
_____3. Mother smelled the fish...
_____4. We can take a bus or walk...
_____5. There was an old library...
III. 引導式翻譯：每格限填一字。
1. 我聽見有人在對街叫著我的名字。
I
____________ someone ____________ my name on the other side of the street.
2. 有個年輕人在那畫牆壁。
____________
____________ a young man ____________ the walls.
3. 在音樂播放的情況下我很難專心做作業。
It
is difficult for me to focus on my assignment ____________ the music
____________.
4. 最近我在節食。我想我最好還是喝水。
I’ve
been on a diet recently. I think I ____________ ____________ just ____________
water.
5. Julie不使用便利商店的塑膠袋，而攜帶自己的購物袋作為替代。
Julie
uses her own shopping bag i____________ ____________ ____________ plastic bags
from
the convenience stores.
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