OELM語言學習電子報 No. 52

第五十二期

本期目錄                   BEG: Are you a Smartphone Addict? 你對智慧型手機上癮了嗎？                   ADV: The History of the Universe in One Year 宇宙歷史一年記

Are you a Smartphone Addict? 你對智慧型手機上癮了嗎？

Smartphones have added a lot of convenience to our lives, but how much usage is too much? Smartphone addiction can have some serious negative effects. It is bad for relationships and bad for your health. The following are signs that you are a smartphone addict. 智慧型手機對我們 的生活加入許多便利性，但使用多少才會太多？智慧型手機上癮症可能有一些嚴重的負面影響。這可對你的感情關係不好，對健康也不好。以下徵兆顯示你是智慧型手機上癮症患者。 1. You take your phone to the toilet with you. 你帶著手機去上廁所。 2. Looking at your smartphone is the first thing you do in the morning, and the last thing you do before you go to sleep at night. 一大早第一件事就是查看手機，晚上睡覺前最後一件事也是查看手機。 3. When you feel uncomfortable in a new place, you take out your smartphone. 當你在新地方覺得不自在時，你會拿出手機。 4. You feel anxious when you don’t have your smartphone in your hand or right beside you.你的手機不在手上或在身旁，你覺得很憂慮。 5. You need to fully charge your smartphone more than once per day. 你一天需要充電超過一次。 6. Your wrists hurt or you have trouble focusing your eyes. 你的手腕痠疼，或你的眼睛無法專注。 7. You sometimes wake up in the middle of the night and check your phone. 有時候你會在半夜醒來然後查看手機。 8. You regularly look at your phone even when you are hanging out with your friends. 當你和朋友出去時，你經常查看手機。 9. You talk to people without even looking up from your phone. 你和人談話時眼睛也盯著手機看。 10. Your loved ones complain that you seem to like your smartphone more than them. 你的伴侶抱怨你似乎比較喜歡手機，不是他們。 Vocabulary 好字精選 1. addict (n) a person who can’t stop doing something. 對…上癮 Both my parents are coffee addicts.  我父母都對咖啡上癮。 2. usage (n) the action of using something 使用，用法；處理、對待 The usage of calculators is not allowed during the math exam.   數學考試中使用計算機是不被允許的。 3. anxious (adj) nervous, worried  焦慮的 Many people get anxious before taking a flight.  許多人在搭飛機前覺得焦慮。    4. charge (v) to add power to an electronic device  充電，索價 The battery power on my laptop is down to 6%. I need to charge it.     我的手提電腦的電池降到百分之六。我需要充電。 5. wrist (n) the part connecting your hands and arms  手腕 Jamie’s wrists hurt after carrying the heavy bag of groceries.  Jamie抬著裝著生活雜物的塑膠袋後，她感覺手腕疼痛。 Phrases and Sentence Patterns句型解析 1. hang out (phr) to spend time together  和…在一起 Would you like to hang out after work?   你想要下班後一起出去嗎？ 2. to v without v-ing (sentence pattern) do something and not do something else at the same time  做…而沒有… Marcus was looking at his notes without actually reading them.  Marcus正在看他的筆記但沒有讀進去。 3. S + seem to + v (sentence pattern) somebody appears to V  似乎、好像 My sister seems to be happy all the time, even though I know she’s not.  我的姐姐似乎隨時都很開心，即便我知道她不是。

The History of the Universe in One Year 宇宙歷史一年記 What if we compared the history of the universe to 365 days? This is roughly how it would go: 如果我們將宇宙歷史以一年365天來比喻？大略也就是以下： January 01 Big Bang Our universe begins expanding after an enormous explosion called the Big Bang. 1月1日  宇宙大爆炸(the Big Bang) 我們的宇宙在一場稱為the Big Bang的巨大的爆炸後開始擴張。 January 22 Galaxy Formations The first galaxies, systems containing millions of stars, begin to form. 1月22日  銀河系的形成 第一座銀河系統開始形成，其中包括數百萬顆星星。 March 16 Milky Way Forms Our own galaxy, knows as the Milky Way, begins to take shape. The Milky Way contains millions of stars.  3月16日  銀河帶形成 我們的銀河系，也就是所謂銀河帶，開始有形體。銀河帶中包括百萬顆星星。 September 2 Solar System Forms Our own solar system, that is, the system containing several planets circling a star we call the sun, first forms. 9月2日  太陽系形成 我們的太陽系，也就是包含好幾顆環繞太陽運行的行星系初次出現。 September 6 Earth Forms The oldest known rocks on earth date to 4.5 billion years ago, suggesting the Earth was formed around this time. 9月6日  地球形成 地球所知最古老的岩石可追朔到45億年前，推測地球大約是在那時成形的。 September 21 First Life The first forms of life appear, knows as prokaryotes, a kind of organism consisting of a single cell. 9月21日  生命形成 第一個生命出現，我們稱為原核生物體，是一種單細胞的生物體。 October 29 Appearance of Oxygen Oxygen in the form of O2 first appears in the earth’s atmosphere. 10月29日 氧氣的出現 氧氣第一次以二氧化碳的形式出現在大氣層中。 Appearance of fish (December 17), plants (December 20), insects (December 21), amphibians (December 22), reptiles (December 23), dinosaurs (December 25), mammals (December 26), birds (December 27), and flowers (December 29). 魚類的出現(12月17日)，植物(12月20日)，昆蟲(12月21日)，兩棲類 (12月22日)，爬蟲類(12月23日)，恐龍(12月25日)，哺乳類(12月26日)，鳥類(12月27日)，花朵(12月29日). December 30 Dinosaurs Die Out All the dinosaurs suddenly disappear, about 65 million years ago, in a mass extinction event. 12月30日  恐龍大滅絕 所有的恐龍大約在六百五十萬年前，在一場大規模的毀滅事件中突然消失無蹤。 December 31 at 2:24 p.m. Hominids Hominids, the first human-like apes, appear. 12月31日 下午2:24 原人的出現，第一種類人猿，類似猿猴。 December 31 at 11:52 p.m. Modern Humans The first anatomically modern humans appear about 200,000 years ago. 12月31日晚間11:52  第一位有現代人類身體構造的生物大約在兩十萬年前出現。 December 31 at 11:59:49 The wheel and the first alphabet are invented. 12月31日晚間11:59  發明輪軸以及第一套字母系統。 December 31 at 11:59:55 p.m. Jesus Christ is born, the year 0. 12月31日晚間11:59:55  耶穌基督出生，0年啟動。 Vocabulary 好字精選 1. enormous (adj) very large  巨大的，龐大的 The wedding cake was so enormous that there was enough for all 200 guests.   婚禮蛋糕非常大，因此足夠全部200名賓客享用。 2. solar (adj) related to the sun  太陽的 Solar energy is a clean, renewable form of energy.    太陽能是乾淨、可再生的能源型態。 3. cell (n) the smallest structural unit of an organism  細胞 Your DNA is found in every cell in your body except for red blood cells. 你的DNA存在身體中每一個細胞中，除了紅血球外。 4. atmosphere (n) all the gases surrounding a planet  大氣層，氣氛 The earth’s atmosphere is 78% nitrogen and 21% oxygen. 地球的大氣層含有78%氮氣及21%氧氣。 5. amphibian (n) group of cold blooded animals   兩棲類 The frog is the most well-known amphibian.  青蛙是最廣為人知的兩棲類。 6. extinction (n) the death of an entire species  絕種 According to a recent study, 21,000 species are currently facing extinction. 根據一份近期的研究顯示，2萬1千種物種目前正瀕臨絕種中。 7. anatomically (adv) related to anatomy (biology)  解剖學上，結構上的(生物) Even though Richard is anatomically male, he considers his gender to be female. 即便Richard身體構造上是一名男性，但他認為自己是女性。 8. alphabet (n) symbols that make up a written language  字母，字母系統 The English alphabet contains 26 letters. 英文字母有26個。 Phrases and Sentence Patterns句型解析 1. compare A to B (sentence pattern) To say A is like B (note: it’s different than compare A with B, which means to point out the similarities and differences, or make a comparison, between A and B)  將…比喻成… The poet compared his lover’s eyes to twinkling stars. 這位詩人將愛人的眼睛比喻成閃耀的星星。 2. take shape (phrasal verb) to develop or form  形成，發展成 After days of work, the sculptor’s piece was finally beginning to take shape.      工作數天後，這名雕刻家的作品最後開始成形了。 3. date to (phrasal verb) goes back to, originates in  追朔到 The largest of the Great Pyramids of Giza dates to 2580-2560 BCE. 吉薩大金字塔群中最大的那一座可追朔至西元前2580-2860之間 (注意：BCE = Before Common Era表西元前，與 ’BC’, 或 ‘Before Christ’耶穌出生前’相同。)