句型重點解析 UNIT 1.3

UNIT 3

1. If + S + V..., S + Aux + V....

說明

此句型的意思為「如果……，那麼……」，if為表「條件」的從屬連接詞，句型中的主要子句為表示「現在或未來可能發生」的直說語氣，屬於真實條件句。在表示直說語氣時，if所引導的從屬子句須使用「現在簡單式」，而其主要子句則用助動詞 (will、can、may、should等) 加上原形動詞。

 

例句

1. If you live in Kaohsiung, you may already know about the Liuhe Night Market.

  (如果你住在高雄，你或許早已知道六合夜市了。)

2. If Kelly doesn’t show up at five, we should start off without her.

  (如果Kelly五點沒有出現，我們應該出發不等她了。)

3. If you continue making noise, you will be asked to leave the library.

  (如果你繼續製造噪音，你將會被要求離開圖書館。)

 

2. S + V...after/before/when/while + S + V....

  → S + V...after/before/when/while + V-ing....

說明

此句型介紹從屬子句主詞的省略，並將之後的主動動詞轉為現在分詞(V-ing)。注意這組句型必須在主要子句和從屬子句的主詞相同時才能成立。

 

例句

1. You can try a variety of food while you stroll through Taiwan’s night markets.

  → You can try a variety of food while strolling through Taiwan’s night markets.

     (在臺灣的夜市裡閒晃時，你可以嘗試各式各樣的食物。)

2. Many tourists fall in love with pearl milk tea after they taste it.

  → Many tourists fall in love with pearl milk tea after tasting it.

     (許多遊客在品嚐過珍珠奶茶後就愛上了它。)

3. When I said I didn’t like you, I did not mean it.

  → When saying I didn’t like you, I did not mean it.

     (當我說我不喜歡你時，我並不是認真的。)

 

3. be known/famous    as

                                       for      以…聞名

說明

此兩片語皆用來表示「以……聞名」，但as 後面通常接「名字、名稱」或是「身分、職業」；而for 後面則接「一項事物或是一件事情」。搭配的動詞除了be動詞之外，也常用become。

 

例句

1. The area then became known/famous as the Shilin Night Market.

  (這個區域然後就以士林夜市聞名。)

2. The restaurant has become known/famous for its fresh seafood.

  (這間餐廳以它新鮮的海產而聞名。)

3. The town is known/famous for producing high-quality red wine.

  (這個城鎮以生產品質優良的紅酒而聞名。)

 

4. S + has/have + Vpp

說明

1. 此句型為現在完成式的用法，常用來表示下列三種狀態：「動作剛完成或尚未完成」、「截至目前為止已有過或未有過的經驗」以及「過去一直持續到現在的動作或狀態」。

2. 現在完成式常與just、already、yet、ever、never、「since + 過去時間」或「for +一段時間」連用。

 

例句

1. The town has changed a lot in recent decades.

  (這個城鎮在近幾十年來已經有了很大的轉變。)

2. Christine has already seen that movie for three times.

  (Christine早已看過那部電影三次了。)

3. We have just finished our science report.  (我們剛剛完成了自然科學報告。)

 

5. the reason + that/why + S + V...   是…的原因

說明

that和why具有連接詞的作用，why為一關係副詞，that則為關係代名詞。兩者皆可用來引導形容詞子句，修飾表「原因」的先行詞the reason。

 

例句

1. Food is the main reason that so many people continue to go to the Shilin Night Market.　

  (食物是許多人持續去士林夜市的主要原因。)

2. You have to explain the reason why you’re late again.

  (你必須要解釋你又遲到的原因。)

3. We don’t know the reason why Kevin moved back to live with his family.

  (我們不知道Kevin搬回去和家人同住的原因。)　

實力評量

I. 選擇題：依據下列各題句意，選出一個最符合語法的答案。

(　) 1. J. K. Rowling is famous ________ the writer of Harry Potter series.

            (A) of                    (B) at                        (C) for                   (D) as

(　) 2. If you ________ to me, I will be very angry.

            (A) lie                   (B) lied                    (C) will lie            (D) were lying

(　) 3. Catching a bad cold was the reason ________ Tim didn’t come to school.

            (A) because           (B) how                    (C) which              (D) why

(　) 4. If I ________ a one-week vacation, I ________ Seattle again.

            (A) have; will visit                                (B) have; visit

            (C) had; visited                                      (D) will have; will visit

(　) 5. After ________ the report, I will send it to you by e-mail right away.

            (A) finished          (B) finishing            (C) I finished        (D) I will finish

(　) 6. The bookstore is known ________ selling various kinds of children’s books.

            (A) to                    (B) of                       (C) for                   (D) as

(　) 7. I ________ a headache since last Tuesday after I was hit by a basketball.

            (A) have                (B) had                     (C) was having     (D) have had

(　) 8. There were many reasons ________ Phebe and Peter had such a big fight.

            (A) that                 (B) what                   (C) where              (D) when

(　) 9. Larry ________ me yet. I’m still waiting for his call.

            (A) wasn’t called  (B) hasn’t called      (C) isn’t calling    (D) hadn’t called

(　) 10. Hebe drinks a glass of milk before ________ to bed every night.

            (A) go                   (B) going                 (C) goes                (D) she going

 

II. 改錯：挑出語法有誤的選項，並加以改正。

(　) ____________ 1. The bad grades are not the reason because Karen feels upset.

                                                            (A)           (B)            (C)

(　) ____________ 2. Bali is known for a holiday resort (度假勝地).

                                          (A) (B)   (C)

(　) ____________ 3. Dorothy goes out with Jake for five hours.

                                                   (A)        (B)         (C)

(　) ____________ 4. If Ms. Lin will think your report isn’t good enough, she will

                                                         (A)                          (B)                              (C)

                   ask you to rewrite it.

(　) ____________ 5. Mr. Johnson said nothing but sat quietly when got the bad

                                                                              (A)        (B)            (C)

                   news.

 

III. 引導式翻譯：每格限填一字。

1. 這個國家以它完善的福利制度聞名

The country is ____________ ____________ its good welfare system.

2. 在做任何重要決定前，請先三思。

Please think twice ____________ ____________ any important decisions.

3. 我和我最好的朋友已經認識有十五年之久了。

My best friend and I ____________ ____________ each other ____________ fifteen years.

4. 如果你需要幫助，你可以打電話給我們。

____________ you ____________ help, you ____________ ____________ us.

5. 特效是我喜歡看科幻電影的原因。

Special effects are ____________ ____________ ____________ I like watching sci-fi movies.